This document provides an overview of different political ideologies including liberalism, conservatism, socialism, communism, fascism, nazism, nationalism, anarchism, aristocracy, egalitarianism, and capitalism. It defines each ideology, describes their core beliefs and values, and provides examples of countries that practice each one. The objectives are to differentiate between ideologies, identify their basic tenets, and explain how they affect politics. Knowing different ideologies helps with critical thinking about politics and understanding other perspectives.

1. POLITICAL
IDEOLOGIES
SUBJECT : PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND
GOVERNANCE

2. OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the week, you will be able to
learn :
⮚Differentiate the political ideologies.
⮚Identify the basic tenets of major political ideologies.
⮚Explain how political ideologies affect the social and
political life of Filipinos.
⮚Enumerate ideas that have a direct impact on a
political community.

3. TOPIC OUTLINE :
⮚What is ideology
⮚The core themes and different
ideologies
⮚Guessing games

4. MOTIVATION:

5. I want to you to guess which countries practice this
kind of political ideology. Choices are given. Choose
the best answer.

6. COMMUNISM LIBERALISM CONSERVATISM ANARCHISM

7. COMMUNISM LIBERALISM CONSERVATISM ANARCHISM

8. COMMUNISM LIBERALISM CONSERVATISM ANARCHISM

9. COMMUNISM LIBERALISM CONSERVATISM ANARCHISM

10. COMMUNISM LIBERALISM CONSERVATISM ANARCHISM

11. Lesson proper

12. ⮚To study various issues in politics and governance, it
is important to know the different ideologies involved.
⮚Each ideology in the study of politics has an
underlying historical factor that affected its
development.
⮚We have to study these factors to understand how
each ideology is applied in modern context.
⮚ In analyzing a political issue, we need to sue
several of the ideologies to achieve a more accurate
analysis and explanation of the issue.

13. POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES
• Antoine Destructt de Tracy
coined the term Ideology as the
“science of ideas”.
• Ideology becomes a political
weapon to condemn or criticize
arrays of ideas or belief system.
• Beliefs are people’s
assessment of reality.
• Values are people’s ideas of
right and wrong.
• Political ideology is a political
belief system.

14. POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES HAVE TWO DIMENSIONS
Goals:
How society
should be
organized
Methods:
The most
appropriate way to
achieve goal

15. HERE ARE SOME POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES AND
THEIR IMPACT ON POLITICAL COMMUNITIES
1. LIBERALISM
• Derived from the word “libere” which
means “free men”.
Beliefs:
1. Need for change in social relations
and requiring governmental
involvement.
2. Society must be free from
government interventions.
3. Promote individual welfare and
supporting civil rights and accept
peaceful political change.

16. SET OF VALUES BELIEFS OF LIBERALISM
1. Individualism- Supreme
importance of individual over
any social group.
2. Freedom
3. Reason- power of reason
gives human being the
capacity to take charge of
their own lives.
4. Toleration- willingness to
accept views or action with
which one is in
disagreement.

17. 2. CONSERVATISM
• Derived from the term
conservation and chooses to
maintain traditional values and
ideas with opposition to change
or innovation.
• Seeks to preserve all that is good
about the past like for example in
Saudi Arabia, Vatican City and
others countries who practice
conservatism.
• Gives greater attention to social
entities than to individuals having
the inclination to oppose any
change in political environment.

18. 3. SOCIALISM
• An economic and political
doctrine advocating
government ownership.
• Adheres to social equality
to attain social stability.
• An instrument of labor
movement.

19. 4. COMMUNISM
• Is a government where people
shared work fairly and were
paid equally.
• The word “Communism” comes
from the latin word “Communis”
which means common or
belonging to all.
• The beliefs of communisn is
that people wanted to make
everything equal.

21. What’s good about
communism?
• Security
• Basic needs
• Equal Rights
• Everyone would have a job,
house and health care.
What’s bad about
communism?
• Lack of choice
• No reward for being a
better worker.
• Everyone expected to be
the same.

22. 5. FASCISM
• Facism ideology states that
government has complete
control over all people and
their lives.
• Basically, fascism was that
the government had all
authority and governed and
controlled every single
person in the country.

24. 6. NAZISM
• Nazism is very similar to
fascism; some even say it is
a particular form of fascism.
• Nazism is anti-Communistic
and is opposed to
democracy.
• Nazism was the authoritarian
political movement which
ruled Germany under the
leadership of Adolf Hitler.

25. WHERE ARE THEY NOW?
COMMUNISM FASCISM NAZISM
• NORTH KOREA
• CHINA
• CUBA
• DOES NOT EXIST • DOES NOT EXIST

26. 7. NATIONALISM
• Is a belief, creed or
political ideology that
involves an individual
identifying with, or
becoming attached to,
one’s nation.
Nationalism involves
national identity.

27. 8. ANARCHISM.
•No government:
often occurs after
war.
•Anarchy- Greek for
“without ruler”
•State of disorder
•Example: The
Taliban in
Afghanistan and
ISIS.

28. 9. ARISTOCRACY.
The privilege of social
class whose members
possess
disproportionately large
percentage of society's
wealth, prestige and
political influence.

29. 10. Egalitaranism.
•Belief where all
citizens have equal
rights and
privileges.

30. 11. CAPITALISM
•Is often defined as an
economic system
where private actors
are allowed to own and
control the use of
property in accord with
their own interests.

31. Why is ideology important in politics?
Ideology is important in politics, because it serves as a
compass that gives direction to the person leading the society.
Ideology means an idea of life therefore ideology dictates the
political spectrum of any individual and political spectrum of a
person gives direction on what, when, where, why and how to
do a thing for life.
If you know and understand how different political ideology's
work, it can help you with your critical thinking skills in
elections, and understanding other peoples choices and why
they chose it. It also helps you understand your values so you
can avoid supporting something you disagree with.

32. References
• https://www.slideshare.net/neil072281/political-
ideologies-77401000