Political participation in the internet era, South Korea
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Online political participation will have the most positive results when combining the strengths of government-initiated and netizen-led models. Study on the paper of Prof. Seong-Yi Yun
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- 1. Political Participation in the Internet Era Study on the South Korea Political Netizen Since 2002 to 2007
- 2. Agenda • The beginning • The facts • The development of netizen • Dilemma of online political participation – Advantages – Disadvantages • Suggestions • Conclusion
- 3. Current case studies • Study on the South Korea political netizen since 2002 to 2007 • Study on some events of netizen.
- 4. The Beginning (1) • The beginning in 2002 – Roh Moo Huyn use internet-based group supporting in president election 2002. – Provided supporters more DIRECT ACCESS to information by using Internet. – Internet become major online campaign tool (candidate's website, online campaign strategies). – Young civilian period, with age under 40, attempt using Internet quickly.
- 5. The Beginning (2) • The appearance of NOSAMO – 70,000 people before election – 80,000 people after the election • Roh's website absorbed MILLION of people by: – Video clips – Messages – Audio broadcast
- 6. The Facts (1) • Roh’s campaign was successful with fund raising, visitors donate money – Raised 7 billion won ($7.7 million USD) – Donation came from 200.000 individuals.
- 7. The Facts (2) • The percentage age of netizens has changed and developed over years
- 8. The Development of Netizen • The raise events of netizen in Korea after years – Red Devil supporters during the 2002 FIFA World Cup. – Candlelight vigils in memory of two middle school girls who were killed by a U.S. military vehicle (2002). – The presidential impeachment and general elections in 2004. – The Hwang Woo Suk scandal over stem cell research in 2005.
- 9. The Development of Netizen (2) • Significance of the spread of "online citizen participation" after years – Getting new attention – Representative democracies – The creation of "electronic democracy".
- 10. Dilemma of Online Political Participation
- 11. Advantages (1) • Improve the exchange and flow of information between citizens and political leaders. • To achieve essential participatory democracy in which all citizens take part freely and equally. • The model of political participation has changed from group-based to network-based individuals.
- 12. Advantages (2) • To direct participation that comprises the establishment of agenda, mobilization of public opinion, and decision-making • Presented the possibility of "rule by the people". (Which is the core of the democratic political system) • Democratization and Informatization bring about a decentralization of the power structure.
- 13. Disadvantages (1) • Public debates can be distorted through expanded reproduction of one-sided opinions without any filtering. • Internet communication can create social vices that threaten democracy. – Emotional and sensational propaganda and instigation – Indiscriminate personal attacks – Groundless rumors
- 14. Disadvantages (2) • Speed and Anonymity may generate an ORWELLIAN "Big Brother" scenario and POPULISM. • e-Participation does not guarantee the quality of policy outcome. • An increase in political participation does not always lead to political development.
- 15. Suggestions
- 16. Suggestion (1) • The political e-participation should be deliberately designed considering: – Purpose. – Target. – Role. – Power and method of online participation.
- 17. Suggestion (2) • Online political participation can be classified into two models: – The government-initiated top-down model – The netizen-leading bottom-up model
- 18. Suggestion (3) • Bottom-up model benefits – Advent of a new political culture. – Government provide a healthy structure for online political participation. – Promote netizens' online political participation. – Promote a participatory political culture. (Base on the appearance of a SMART MOB GENERATION)
- 19. Suggestion (4) • Top-down model benefits – REMAINS an agenda-setting power in the hands of the POLITICAL ELITE. – Avoid facing political inefficiency and populism.
- 20. Conclusion • Online political participation should be developed by: – Maximizing the strengths of the two models. – Minimizing their weaknesses, disadvantages. • Online participation model can start from: – Building the online public sphere. – Educating netizens.
- 21. FAQ ? Thanh you!
Editor's Notes
- NOSAMO is the Fan club on the internet to support Roh - NOSAMO (70,000 people before election -> 80,000 people after the election)NOSAMO gathered volunteer on cyber and real space.