Pointed gourd is a perennial crop cultivated for its immature fruits which are used as a popular vegetable. It is grown in various states in India including Bihar, Bengal, Madhya Pradesh, and Uttar Pradesh. The document discusses the production technology of pointed gourd, including its varieties, soil and climate requirements, nutrient management practices, and harvesting. It is commonly propagated through vine cuttings and provides nutritional benefits as well as uses in traditional Indian dishes and medicines.
Origin, Distribution, Botanical description, Cytogenetics, Genetic resources, Climate and soil, Propagation, Manures and fertilizers, Irrigation, Interculture, Use of PGR, Plant protection, Harvesting, Yield and Storage of sweet gourd
Scientific Name :- Trichosanthus dioica Roxb.
Common Name :- Parwal, Parmal
Origin :- India/Indo Malayan Region
Chromosome No :- 2n=22
It is a perennial cucurbit.
Mostly cultivated in Bihar, Bengal, Madhya Pradesh and Eastern U.P.
Snapmelon (Cucumis melo var. momordica Duth. and Full) is an important member of the family Cucurbitaceae, with a chromosome no. 24, which comprises of 117 genera and 825 species in warmer parts of the world (Gopalakrishnan.,2007). Snapmelon is commonly known as ‘Phoot’ which means to ‘split’. The dessert form of Cucumis melo L. is a distinct group distributed and adapted well essentially under humid tropics of South India. Snapmelon is a locally grown dessert melon in Goa and coastal Maharashtra known as ‘Chibud’, in areas of Karnataka as ‘Hibadihannu’ or ‘Phoottikai’ and in Kerala it is known as ‘Pottuvellari’. Yet in northern India large scale cultivation of ‘phoot’ is confined to the states of UP, Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab and Bihar. In arid area like Bikaner from Rajasthan nearly 28.70 % farmers out of 37.75% vegetable growers grow snap melon as a sole crop in kharif and rabi season as well.( Meena., S.R. et al., 2009)
The use of snapmelon is extremely diverse, depending on the type of fruit. Sweet types are consumed as dessert, while non-sweet types are used as vegetableThey are good sources of vitamin C, sugars, minerals and dietary fibre. The fruit of snapmelon contains 3% carbohydrate, 0.3% protein, 0.1 % fat, 95.7 % moisture, 265 IU Vitamin A 100g-1 and 10mg Vitamin C 100g-1 (Peter and Hazra, 2012). Seed contains 12.5 to 39.1 % edible oil. Besides nuitritional factor vegetable is used as a medicine in treating burns , abrasions and coolness of the body.
India being centre of origin, snapmelon has accumulated wide range of genetic variability with respect to the fruits are size small to large, rough and smooth, either oval or cylindrical in shape with a mealy, somewhat insipid or slightly sour flesh which burst on maturity. The productivity and quality are highly variable and sometimes results in low economic returns to the growers. Fruit cracking, low shelf life and lack of transportation & storage facilities are being the most common constraints.
It is a minor vegetable crop ,can be used in place of cucumber as salad ,still lot of work possibility are there in standardization of inputs in this crop .
Origin, Distribution, Botanical description, Cytogenetics, Genetic resources, Climate and soil, Propagation, Manures and fertilizers, Irrigation, Interculture, Use of PGR, Plant protection, Harvesting, Yield and Storage of sweet gourd
Scientific Name :- Trichosanthus dioica Roxb.
Common Name :- Parwal, Parmal
Origin :- India/Indo Malayan Region
Chromosome No :- 2n=22
It is a perennial cucurbit.
Mostly cultivated in Bihar, Bengal, Madhya Pradesh and Eastern U.P.
Snapmelon (Cucumis melo var. momordica Duth. and Full) is an important member of the family Cucurbitaceae, with a chromosome no. 24, which comprises of 117 genera and 825 species in warmer parts of the world (Gopalakrishnan.,2007). Snapmelon is commonly known as ‘Phoot’ which means to ‘split’. The dessert form of Cucumis melo L. is a distinct group distributed and adapted well essentially under humid tropics of South India. Snapmelon is a locally grown dessert melon in Goa and coastal Maharashtra known as ‘Chibud’, in areas of Karnataka as ‘Hibadihannu’ or ‘Phoottikai’ and in Kerala it is known as ‘Pottuvellari’. Yet in northern India large scale cultivation of ‘phoot’ is confined to the states of UP, Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab and Bihar. In arid area like Bikaner from Rajasthan nearly 28.70 % farmers out of 37.75% vegetable growers grow snap melon as a sole crop in kharif and rabi season as well.( Meena., S.R. et al., 2009)
The use of snapmelon is extremely diverse, depending on the type of fruit. Sweet types are consumed as dessert, while non-sweet types are used as vegetableThey are good sources of vitamin C, sugars, minerals and dietary fibre. The fruit of snapmelon contains 3% carbohydrate, 0.3% protein, 0.1 % fat, 95.7 % moisture, 265 IU Vitamin A 100g-1 and 10mg Vitamin C 100g-1 (Peter and Hazra, 2012). Seed contains 12.5 to 39.1 % edible oil. Besides nuitritional factor vegetable is used as a medicine in treating burns , abrasions and coolness of the body.
India being centre of origin, snapmelon has accumulated wide range of genetic variability with respect to the fruits are size small to large, rough and smooth, either oval or cylindrical in shape with a mealy, somewhat insipid or slightly sour flesh which burst on maturity. The productivity and quality are highly variable and sometimes results in low economic returns to the growers. Fruit cracking, low shelf life and lack of transportation & storage facilities are being the most common constraints.
It is a minor vegetable crop ,can be used in place of cucumber as salad ,still lot of work possibility are there in standardization of inputs in this crop .
Origin, Distribution, Botanical description, Cytogenetics, Genetic resources, Climate and soil, Propagation, Manures and fertilizers, Irrigation, Interculture, Use of PGR, Plant protection, Harvesting, Yield and Storage of Pointed gourd. 2.Glycemic Properties of Trichosanthes dioica Leaves.pptx
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CULTIVATION OF OKRA , PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF OKRA ,Arvind Yadav
OKRA
Scientific Name : Abelmoschus esculentus
Family : Malvaceae,
Chromosome number : 2n=72, 108,130
Origin : Asiatic region /Etthiopea/Africa.
Common names : Bhendi, Lady’s FingerEconomic importance and uses :-
Okra is more remunerative than the leafy vegetables.
Tender green fruits are cooked in curry and also used in soups. The root and stem are useful for clearing cane juice in preparation of jaggery.
Okra is rich in vitamins, calcium, potassium and other minerals. 100g consumable unripe bhendi fruits contain 10.4g dry matter, 3,100 calorie energy, 1.8g protein.
The dry seeds contain 13-22% edible oil and 20-24% protein.Area and production:-
India is the largest producer of okra in the world. The major bhendi growing states are Utter Pradesh, Orissa, Bihar and West Bengal.
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Pusa Makhmali
Pusa Sawani
Arka Anamika (Selection 10)
Arka Abhay (Selection
Punjab Padmini
Punjab -7
Parbhani Kranti
Varsha Uphar (HRB 9-2)
Gujarat Bhendi 1
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3. Introduction and importance:
Pointed gourd commonly known as ‘Parwal’. Is a perennial cucurbit cultivated
mostly in Bihar, Bengal, Madhya Pradesh, and Uttar Pradesh. Immature fruits
are popular vegetables. . It contains 2% protein, 0.3% fat, 2.2%
carbohydrates, 153IU vitamin A, and 29 mg vitamin C per 100 g edible
portion. The fruits are used in making curry and fried and for making pickles.
A famous sweet by putting the fruits in sugar syrup is made in India.
Pointed gourd is a dioecious climber with perennial rootstock. It is cultivated
and also found in south Asia. Immature fruits are used as vegetable, and for
pickling. Fruit is smooth and fusiform and 8-12 cm long.
Fruit is particularly used in convalescence. It is easily digestible and it is
diuretic, laxative, cardiatonic. It is also recommended for bronchitis, fever and
nervousness.
4. Pointed gourd
• Synonyms: Parwal, king of gourds.
• S.N: Trichosanthus dioca.
• Family; cucurbitaceae
• Chromosome no: 2n= 22.
• Origin: India
• Diocious, perennial.
• Propogation by vine cuttings 2000-2500 cuttings / ha.
• Fruits are recommended for convalescence/regain health after illness.
• Bower system of training.
• 10% of male plants are necessary to get high yield.
• Undergo dormancy in winter.
5. Soil and climate:
• It can be grown in both sandy and loamy soils.
• Soil rich in organic matter and well drained.
• Also grown in river bed soils.
• Warm season crop, hot humid condition best for growth.
• Response well to rain fall.
• Seed and sowing.
• seeds are not commercially used it is vegetative propagated by cuttings
about 2000-2500 cuttings/ha.
• Even root suckers are also used.
• Seed propagation is avoided because of poor seed germination.
• Spacing : 2m×2m.
• Cuttings folded like ring and planted in pits.
8. Nutrient management and intercultural operations:
• FYM- 20-25t/ha.
• NPK : 90:60:60 kg NPK/ha
• As per VNMKV recommendation 100:50:50 Kg NPK/ha is applied.
• Weeding is done only when plants are sprouted.
• Shallow intercultural operations are done.
• Training crop in bower system.
Harvesting and yield:
• Ready for harvest after 80-90days of planting.
• Harvesting is done only when fruits are immature.
• Frequent picking is done.
9. yield:
• 6-8t /ha in first year
• 14-15 t/ha in second year.
Storage and marketing:
the harvested fruits can be stored under ordinary condition for
about 3-4 days. Fruits are sent to market in the baskets or gunny
bags.
