Please help. Can you please explain in detail.Explain the concept .pdf
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Please help. Can you please explain in detail. Explain the concept of compound interest and its relation to exponential functions. One very important exponential equation is the compound-interest formula: A = P (1 + r/n) ^ (nt) Solution Exponential functions are used in variety of formulas.One such case is compound interest Compund interest is calculated by A(t) = P( 1+r/n)^nt where P ---principal amount invested r ----rate of ineterst n --- compounding number of times the interest is compounded per year ,whether yearly n=1, half yearly n= 2 , monthly n=12 t --- no. of years IfCompounded Continuously Interest: is calculated by the formula then we use another formula: A(t) = P e^rt Example : let the interest rate r be 4%, compounded monthly, and let the initial investment amount be $1200. Then the compound-interest equation, for an investment period oft years, becomes: A(t) = 1200( 1+ 4/12)^12t = 1200(1.33)^(12t).
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Alan invested his money at 5 ½ compounded quarterly and Paula inve.pdf
Alan invested his money at 5 ½ % compounded quarterly and Paula invested her money at 6%
compounded annually. Which one of the two rates is higher?
Solution
The formula for compound interest is:
A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)
where P is the principal (initial investment), r is the rate written as a decimal, n is the number of
times per year you are compounding (so for monthly compounding, say, n=12), t is the number
of years the investment has been earning interest, and A is the total amount in the account after t
years.
For Alan:
r = .055, n = 4 for quarterly compounding
For Paula:
r = .06, n = 1 for annual (once per year) compounding
If both Alan and Paula invest P amount of money for t years, we plug these rates into the
compound interest formula:
AAlan = P(1 + .055/4)^(4t)
= P(1.01375)^(4t)
= P[(1.01375)^4]^t (multiplying exponents is the same as raising a power to a power)
= P(1.05614481)^t
APaula = P(1 + .06/1)^(1*t)
= P(1.06)^t
Since after investing P initial dollars for t years, Alan will have P(1.05614481)^t dollars and
Paula will have P(1.06)^t dollars, and since P(1.06)^t > P(1.05614481)^t as both bases are
greater than 1 and 1.06 > 1.056...., Paula has the better rate for her investment..
INVESTMENT CHOICE “COMPARISON AND SELECTION AMONG ALTERNATIVES”
INVESTMENT CHOICE
“COMPARISON AND SELECTION
AMONG ALTERNATIVES”
Recommended
Alan invested his money at 5 ½ compounded quarterly and Paula inve.pdf
Alan invested his money at 5 ½ % compounded quarterly and Paula invested her money at 6%
compounded annually. Which one of the two rates is higher?
Solution
The formula for compound interest is:
A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)
where P is the principal (initial investment), r is the rate written as a decimal, n is the number of
times per year you are compounding (so for monthly compounding, say, n=12), t is the number
of years the investment has been earning interest, and A is the total amount in the account after t
years.
For Alan:
r = .055, n = 4 for quarterly compounding
For Paula:
r = .06, n = 1 for annual (once per year) compounding
If both Alan and Paula invest P amount of money for t years, we plug these rates into the
compound interest formula:
AAlan = P(1 + .055/4)^(4t)
= P(1.01375)^(4t)
= P[(1.01375)^4]^t (multiplying exponents is the same as raising a power to a power)
= P(1.05614481)^t
APaula = P(1 + .06/1)^(1*t)
= P(1.06)^t
Since after investing P initial dollars for t years, Alan will have P(1.05614481)^t dollars and
Paula will have P(1.06)^t dollars, and since P(1.06)^t > P(1.05614481)^t as both bases are
greater than 1 and 1.06 > 1.056...., Paula has the better rate for her investment..
INVESTMENT CHOICE “COMPARISON AND SELECTION AMONG ALTERNATIVES”
INVESTMENT CHOICE
“COMPARISON AND SELECTION
AMONG ALTERNATIVES”
Compund Interest
The complete concepts of Compound Interest explained step by step with solved illustrations.
Our best evidence to data suggests that the Earth formed 4.6 billion .pdf
Our best evidence to data suggests that the Earth formed 4.6 billion years ago. What life forms
existed on Earth during the following periods. (Match the correct answer to each question; you
may use each answer more than once.) What happened during the first billion years (4.5-3.6
billion years ago)? What happened during the second billion years (3.6-2.6 billion years ago)?
What happened during the third billion years (2.6-1.6 billion years ago)? What happened during
the third billion years (2.6-1.6 billion years ago)? What happened during the fourth billion years
(1.6-0.6 billion years ago)? What happened during the last 600 million years (0.6 billion years
ago to present)? A. no life existed B. unicellular life appeared C. unicellular life forms were the
only living things on Earth d. multicellular life appeared. E. dinosaurs dominated the entire
period F. mammals dominated the entire period
Solution
What happened during the first billion years? (4.6 -3.6 billion years ago?) A. no life existed.
Reason: Earth was formed over 4.6 billion years ago.Before that there was no life.
What happened during the second billion years? (3.6 -2.6 billion years ago?) C.Unicellular life
forms were the only living things on earth.
Reason:Unicellular life appeared first about 3.6 billion years ago.
What happened during the third billion years? (2.6-1.6 billion years ago?) B.unicellular life
appeared.
Reason:Unicellualr life appeared on earth during this period.
What happened during the fourth billion years? (1.6 -0.6 billion years ago?) D.multicellular life
appeared.
Reason:Multicellular life appeared 1.5 billion years ago.
What happened during the last 600 million years (0.6 billion years ago to pesent?) E and F.
Dinosaurs dominated the entire period and mammals dominated the entire period.
Reason: Both dinosaurs and mammals appeared in this period .Dinosaurs appeared first and then
mammals appeared before extinction of dinosaurs..
one human resource manager recently got a thank you note on her iPho.pdf
one human resource manager recently got a thank you note on her iPhone that said “Thx 4 the
Iview! Wud to wrk 4 u!!!” The manager had liked the candidate’s interview, but after getting the
note, she put him in the reject pile. Do you think it was fair for the manager to automatically
reject the candidate? Should “textspeak” be considered acceptable workplace communication?
Discuss.
Solution
as per the above explanation we can not say that what the manager has did and because of the
text mail only he rejected the candidate. and some times it may not possible to select the
candidate even he did best in the interview. there would some one else who performed best than
the other. in those times, he may reject the good one to choose the best.
and based on the above explanation it can be observed that the interviwer is a lady and the
interviewee is a gent or boy. she may not like expressing his ability and interest to work in the
firm. and she have not decided and discolsed it to the guy that he is selected or rejected. she may
put it hold and mean while by looking at his message she may refused the application.
but, because of the only message if she rejected him, it is not fair..
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Our best evidence to data suggests that the Earth formed 4.6 billion .pdf
Our best evidence to data suggests that the Earth formed 4.6 billion years ago. What life forms
existed on Earth during the following periods. (Match the correct answer to each question; you
may use each answer more than once.) What happened during the first billion years (4.5-3.6
billion years ago)? What happened during the second billion years (3.6-2.6 billion years ago)?
What happened during the third billion years (2.6-1.6 billion years ago)? What happened during
the third billion years (2.6-1.6 billion years ago)? What happened during the fourth billion years
(1.6-0.6 billion years ago)? What happened during the last 600 million years (0.6 billion years
ago to present)? A. no life existed B. unicellular life appeared C. unicellular life forms were the
only living things on Earth d. multicellular life appeared. E. dinosaurs dominated the entire
period F. mammals dominated the entire period
Solution
What happened during the first billion years? (4.6 -3.6 billion years ago?) A. no life existed.
Reason: Earth was formed over 4.6 billion years ago.Before that there was no life.
What happened during the second billion years? (3.6 -2.6 billion years ago?) C.Unicellular life
forms were the only living things on earth.
Reason:Unicellular life appeared first about 3.6 billion years ago.
What happened during the third billion years? (2.6-1.6 billion years ago?) B.unicellular life
appeared.
Reason:Unicellualr life appeared on earth during this period.
What happened during the fourth billion years? (1.6 -0.6 billion years ago?) D.multicellular life
appeared.
Reason:Multicellular life appeared 1.5 billion years ago.
What happened during the last 600 million years (0.6 billion years ago to pesent?) E and F.
Dinosaurs dominated the entire period and mammals dominated the entire period.
Reason: Both dinosaurs and mammals appeared in this period .Dinosaurs appeared first and then
mammals appeared before extinction of dinosaurs..
one human resource manager recently got a thank you note on her iPho.pdf
one human resource manager recently got a thank you note on her iPhone that said “Thx 4 the
Iview! Wud to wrk 4 u!!!” The manager had liked the candidate’s interview, but after getting the
note, she put him in the reject pile. Do you think it was fair for the manager to automatically
reject the candidate? Should “textspeak” be considered acceptable workplace communication?
Discuss.
Solution
as per the above explanation we can not say that what the manager has did and because of the
text mail only he rejected the candidate. and some times it may not possible to select the
candidate even he did best in the interview. there would some one else who performed best than
the other. in those times, he may reject the good one to choose the best.
and based on the above explanation it can be observed that the interviwer is a lady and the
interviewee is a gent or boy. she may not like expressing his ability and interest to work in the
firm. and she have not decided and discolsed it to the guy that he is selected or rejected. she may
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Let X and Y be continuous r.v. with joint density functionPlease g.pdf
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One formula should use the definition of cov (which should have one definite double integral)
and the other uses the short cut formula for finding cov. (which should have difference between
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Thank you
Solution
Cov(x,y)=
E(x)=x
E(y)=
E(xy)=
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Cov(x,y)=E(xy)-E(x)E(Y).
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Consider an extension of the queue abstract data type, called a .pdf
Consider an extension of the queue abstract data type, called a minqueue, which supports
operations ENQUEUE, DEQUEUE, and FINDMIN. Assume that the elements to be stored are
integers (or any other totally ordered data type). FINDMIN simply returns the smallest element
in the minqueue, but does not remove it. Using a standard implementation of a queue, the
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When the ENQUEUE(x) operation is performed, the element x is enqueued in the regular way on
the real queue. The element x is also enqueued at the end of the helper queue. However, if the
element y immediately ”in front” of x on the helper queue is larger than x, then y is removed
from the helper queue. This process of x annihilating the element immediately in front of it is
repeated until the element immediately in front of x is less than or equal to it or x is at the front
of the helper queue.
Describe how the DEQUEUE and FINDMIN operation are implemented in this data structure.
Give the worst case running time for each of ENQUEUE, DEQUEUE, and FINDMIN using this
data structure.
Give an argument using the potential method to show that any sequence of n ENQUEUE,
DEQUEUE, and FINDMIN operations requires only O(n) time. Or namely, the amortized
complexity of these operations is O(1).
Consider an extension of the queue abstract data type, called a minqueue, which supports
operations ENQUEUE, DEQUEUE, and FINDMIN. Assume that the elements to be stored are
integers (or any other totally ordered data type). FINDMIN simply returns the smallest element
in the minqueue, but does not remove it. Using a standard implementation of a queue, the
FINDMIN operation takes O(n) time in the worst case. However, consider a more clever data
structure for this abstract data type which works as follows: There are two regular queues used.
The first queue is called the ”real queue” and the second queue is called the ”helper queue”.
When the ENQUEUE(x) operation is performed, the element x is enqueued in the regular way on
the real queue. The element x is also enqueued at the end of the helper queue. However, if the
element y immediately ”in front” of x on the helper queue is larger than x, then y is removed
from the helper queue. This process of x annihilating the element immediately in front of it is
repeated until the element immediately in front of x is less than or equal to it or x is at the front
of the helper queue.
Describe how the DEQUEUE and FINDMIN operation are implemented in this data structure.
Give the worst case running time for each of ENQUEUE, DEQUEUE, and FINDMIN using this
data structure.
Give an argument using the potential method to show that any sequence of n ENQUEUE,
DEQUEUE, and FINDMIN operations requires only O(n) t.
Cordia Corporation is planning a 15 year project with an initial inv.pdf
Cordia Corporation is planning a 15 year project with an initial investment of $2,500,000.
The project will have $400,000 cash inflows per year in years 1-5 ;
$200,000 cash inflows in years 6-10, and
$40,000 cash inflows in years 11-15.
a) Determine this project\'s intemal rate of return.
b) If Cordia\'s opportunity cost of capital is 8%, should they accept or reject this project?
c) Explain your reason for your decision in part (b).
Solution
a) Computation of IRR:
IRR is an interest rate where the net present value of inflows are outflows equals zero.
With the help of trial and error method we can find the IRR:
First let us find from 5% rate and then we can increase or decrease as per the requirement (here,
our target is to get NPV= 0).
rate = 5%
rate = 6%
Year
Cash flows
discounting factor
PV
discounting factor
PV
0
(2,500,000)
1
(2,500,000)
1
(2,500,000)
1
400,000
0.952381
380,952
0.943396
377,358
2
400,000
0.907029
362,812
0.889996
355,999
3
400,000
0.863838
345,535
0.839619
335,848
4
400,000
0.822702
329,081
0.792094
316,837
5
400,000
0.783526
313,410
0.747258
298,903
6
200,000
0.746215
149,243
0.704961
140,992
7
200,000
0.710681
142,136
0.665057
133,011
8
200,000
0.676839
135,368
0.627412
125,482
9
200,000
0.644609
128,922
0.591898
118,380
10
200,000
0.613913
122,783
0.558395
111,679
11
40,000
0.584679
23,387
0.526788
21,072
12
40,000
0.556837
22,273
0.496969
19,879
13
40,000
0.530321
21,213
0.468839
18,754
14
40,000
0.505068
20,203
0.442301
17,692
15
40,000
0.481017
19,241
0.417265
16,691
NPV
16,559
(91,423)
IRR = 5% + [(16,559-0)/ (16,559-(-91,423))] = 5% + 0.15 = 5.15%
b) If Cordia\'s opportunity cost of capital is 8%, then NPV will be:
rate = 8%
Year
Cash flows
discounting factor
PV
0
(2,500,000)
1
(2,500,000)
1
400,000
0.925926
370,370.37
2
400,000
0.857339
342,935.53
3
400,000
0.793832
317,532.90
4
400,000
0.73503
294,011.94
5
400,000
0.680583
272,233.28
6
200,000
0.63017
126,033.93
7
200,000
0.58349
116,698.08
8
200,000
0.540269
108,053.78
9
200,000
0.500249
100,049.79
10
200,000
0.463193
92,638.70
11
40,000
0.428883
17,155.31
12
40,000
0.397114
15,884.55
13
40,000
0.367698
14,707.92
14
40,000
0.340461
13,618.44
15
40,000
0.315242
12,609.67
NPV
(285,465.82)
They should reject this project.
c) The NPV in part b is negative, thus, we should reject this project in part (b).
rate = 5%
rate = 6%
Year
Cash flows
discounting factor
PV
discounting factor
PV
0
(2,500,000)
1
(2,500,000)
1
(2,500,000)
1
400,000
0.952381
380,952
0.943396
377,358
2
400,000
0.907029
362,812
0.889996
355,999
3
400,000
0.863838
345,535
0.839619
335,848
4
400,000
0.822702
329,081
0.792094
316,837
5
400,000
0.783526
313,410
0.747258
298,903
6
200,000
0.746215
149,243
0.704961
140,992
7
200,000
0.710681
142,136
0.665057
133,011
8
200,000
0.676839
135,368
0.627412
125,482
9
200,000
0.644609
128,922
0.591898
118,380
10
200,000
0.613913
122,783
0.558395
111,679
11
40,000
0.584679
23,387
0.526788
21,072
12
40,000
0.556837
22,273
0.496969
19,879
13
40,000
0.530321
21,21.
Case study on Queensland Health Payroll Debacle & Queensland Governm.pdf
Case study on Queensland Health Payroll Debacle & Queensland Government Bans IBM from
IT contracts.
Questions:
7. What could IBM have done to prevent the release of its defective payroll system?
Solution
The queensIsland had banned IBM for further contracts, following report about payroll system it
was blamed towards vendorers.
In 2010, government started introduction of IBM based Payroll system which makes million
bollers over budget and indulge payments to thousands of people.projects initiall expectations is
6.19 million dollars but current estimation cost about 1.2 billion dollars.
Early the qeens government has launced enquiry. the report that resluts out from enqury had
given in the week.the report gaves a critcal of all members including IBM.The problms which
makes project comes dowm, in major failure is by multiple peoape to loose up their
responsibility properly,” Richard who led enquery had said that..
then IBM is not allowed to any of the contracts with the state .which was said by Queeens
Government.
But IBM bought an application to claim up the damage, argue that in agrment signed in 2010 the
Government has waved its rights to sue.
This afternoon supreme court judge ruled IBM favour.it means that state government cannot go
for current damage
some defect are found in payroll system when it is launced in 2010 which produce a result that
many of the employees in the queen state had remaind withe unpaid and underpaid..
Can you give an example of a binary heap programCan you give an .pdf
Can you give an example of a binary heap program
Can you give an example of a binary heap program
Solution
/*
* C Program to Implement a Heap & provide Insertion & Deletion Operation
*/
#include
int array[100], n;
main()
{
int choice, num;
n = 0;/*Represents number of nodes in the heap*/
while(1)
{
printf(\"1.Insert the element \ \");
printf(\"2.Delete the element \ \");
printf(\"3.Display all elements \ \");
printf(\"4.Quit \ \");
printf(\"Enter your choice : \");
scanf(\"%d\", &choice);
switch(choice)
{
case 1:
printf(\"Enter the element to be inserted to the list : \");
scanf(\"%d\", &num);
insert(num, n);
n = n + 1;
break;
case 2:
printf(\"Enter the elements to be deleted from the list: \");
scanf(\"%d\", &num);
delete(num);
break;
case 3:
display();
break;
case 4:
exit(0);
default:
printf(\"Invalid choice \ \");
}/*End of switch */
}/*End of while */
}/*End of main()*/
display()
{
int i;
if (n == 0)
{
printf(\"Heap is empty \ \");
return;
}
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
printf(\"%d \", array[i]);
printf(\"\ \");
}/*End of display()*/
insert(int num, int location)
{
int parentnode;
while (location > 0)
{
parentnode =(location - 1)/2;
if (num <= array[parentnode])
{
array[location] = num;
return;
}
array[location] = array[parentnode];
location = parentnode;
}/*End of while*/
array[0] = num; /*assign number to the root node */
}/*End of insert()*/
delete(int num)
{
int left, right, i, temp, parentnode;
for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
if (num == array[i])
break;
}
if (num != array[i])
{
printf(\"%d not found in heap list\ \", num);
return;
}
array[i] = array[n - 1];
n = n - 1;
parentnode =(i - 1) / 2; /*find parentnode of node i */
if (array[i] > array[parentnode])
{
insert(array[i], i);
return;
}
left = 2 * i + 1; /*left child of i*/
right = 2 * i + 2; /* right child of i*/
while (right < n)
{
if (array[i] >= array[left] && array[i] >= array[right])
return;
if (array[right] <= array[left])
{
temp = array[i];
array[i] = array[left];
array[left] = temp;
i = left;
}
else
{
temp = array[i];
array[i] = array[right];
array[right] = temp;
i = right;
}
left = 2 * i + 1;
right = 2 * i + 2;
}/*End of while*/
if (left == n - 1 && array[i]) {
temp = array[i];
array[i] = array[left];
array[left] = temp;
}
}
Output:.
All businesses, small or large, depend on data centers. Answer the f.pdf
All businesses, small or large, depend on data centers. Answer the following questions related to
data centers:
Define data centers in terms of hardware, software, networks, and client-server
architecture/networks
What is the relationship between a business firm\'s MIS infrastructure and a business firm\'s data
center.
What are the implications of cloud computing for data centers?
How are SAAS, PAAS, and IAAS related to a firm\'s MIS infrastructure?
Solution
Data Centers : Its a place of hosting number of system and their related components.
Datacenters in terms of hardware, software, networks, client server architecture- could be
defined as physical components present collectively like caes, connectors, power supply units,
keyboard, mouse, audio speaker. Basically all the physical component that group up and come
up a large server to support applications running on it and handle the load.These server as the
clients to host the incoming and outgoing traffic to an application like consider a bank system
which has complete running website which constitue of the software part will be having
numerous amount of incoming request where simultaneously muliple user will be hitting the
system at once so the server(present in data center) should be able to handle so many request
which will require proper network system, CPUs etc to server it..
A) The linearity condition is not satisfied. B) The linearity cond.pdf
A) The linearity condition is not satisfied.
B) The linearity condition and equal spread condition are not satisfied.
C) The data are not normal and the linearity condition is not satisfied.
D) The data are not normal.
E) The equal spread condition is not satisfied.
Solution
B) The linearity condition and equal spread condition are not satisfied..
4. Records of the missions of Baja California in the form of baptism.pdf
4. Records of the missions of Baja California in the form of baptisms and burial records provide
an ideal opportunity to examine the consequences of what is known as the \"Colombian
Exchange,\" the movement of organisms large and small between the Old and New Worlds after
the appearance of Columbus in 1492. The data below are two time series of the numbers of
baptisms at two Central Baja missions, San Jose de Comondu and San Gertrudis. The data are for
the decade 1770 - 1779.
(a)
How would you generally describe the trend of baptisms for the two missions over this period?
Do the missions appear to show similar trends? Justify your response by appealing to the graph.
(b)
One of the influences of the meeting of the Old and New Worlds was the transmission of
diseases to the native populations, who had developed no natural immunity from European
diseases. If there were anecdotal evidence for an outbreak of disease during this time, which
mission and what year seems to be the most likely candidate? Again, justify your response by
appealing to the graph.
(a)
How would you generally describe the trend of baptisms for the two missions over this period?
Do the missions appear to show similar trends? Justify your response by appealing to the graph.
(b)
One of the influences of the meeting of the Old and New Worlds was the transmission of
diseases to the native populations, who had developed no natural immunity from European
diseases. If there were anecdotal evidence for an outbreak of disease during this time, which
mission and what year seems to be the most likely candidate? Again, justify your response by
appealing to the graph.
Solution.
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