please draw them out- e diploid cells of spider mites are 2n-10- a- D.docx

•Download as DOCX, PDF•

0 likes•2 views

please draw them out. e diploid cells of spider mites are 2 n = 10 . a. Draw a cell from a spider mite that is in anaphase 2 of meiosis. Assume meiosis is proceeding normally and ignore any effects of crossing over. b. Draw the results of a nondisjunction event that occurred in meiosis I. c. Draw the results of a nondisjunction event that occurred in meiosis II. .

Education

More from JakeT2gGrayp

Please answer question 4b only 4. The image below (on Endomembrane System) has been labeled. Refer to the key as you answer the two questions ( 4 a and 4 b ) that follow. Key for Image > A. Vesicle B. Hydrolytic enzymes C. Lysosome D. Transport vesicle E. Lipids F. Smooth ER G. Ribosome H. Nucleus I. Rough ER J. Transport vesicle K. Proteins L. Golgi body M. Cytoplasm N. Secretory vesicle O. Cell membrane Follow-up questions corresponding to image above. 4a. Briefly describe how the following structures work together: (Letters: G, I, J, L, N, and O). 4b. Briefly describe how the following structures work together: (Letters: A, C, L, and O). .

Please answer question 4b only 4- The image below (on Endomembrane Sys.docx

JakeT2gGrayp

Please answer all questions. b. The in which CD95L binds to CD95 on the target cell, triggering target cell apoptosis. T cells, which function in memory responses. 4. Cytotoxic T cells may also form Antibody Immune Responses Inducement of T-Dependent Antibody Immunity with Clonal Selection Activation of T-dependent antibody immunity requires the assistance of type 2 helper T (Th2) cells. 1. In antibody immunity, an APC's MHC II protein-epitope complex activates a helper T cell (Th cell) bearing a complementary 2. APCs present epitopes on MHC molecules and form an immunological synapse with Th using the complementary TCR. 3. CD 4 MHC interaction stabilizes the synapse, and the delivers a second signal. 4. ( IL 4 ) then induces the Th cell to become a type T cell (Th2). 5. The Th_cell interacts with cells displaying epitope on MHC II and releases . Since only B cells displaying the epitope the Th2 cell recognizes are activated, this process is called selection. 6. The activated B cell proliferates rapidly and the clones differentiate into either B cells or cells. 7. cells live for only a short time but secrete large amounts of antibodies, beginning with and class switching as they get older. 8. B cells migrate to lymphoid tissues to await a subsequent encounter with the same antigen. Types of Acquired Immunity Specific immunity is characterized either naturally or artificially acquired and as either active or passive. 1. When the body mounts a specific immune response against an infectious agent, the result is called _ immunity. 2. The passing of maternal IgG to the fetus and the transmission of secretory IgA in breastmilk to a baby are examples of immunity. 3. immunity is achieved by deliberately injecting someone with antigens in vaccines to provoke an active response, as in the process of immunization. 4. immunotherapy involves the administration of preformed antibodies in antitoxins or antisera to a patient. Immune Responses 1. The first adaptive response to a particular antigen is called the As a result of this initial encounter, the adaptive immune system "remembers" the mechanism that was effective against that specific antigen. 2. If the same antigen is encountered later in life, a stronger antigen-specific adaptive immune response occurs, called the response. .

Please answer all questions- b- The in which CD95L binds to CD95 on t.docx

JakeT2gGrayp

Please answer all questions. T Lymphocytes (T Cells) 1) T lymphocytes act against antigens, producing -mediated immune responses. 2) T cells have (TCRs), which have an antigen- binding site for a specific epitope. 3) T cells mature under the influence of signals from the , and they attack cells that harbor endogenous pathogens during -mediated immune responses. 4) In cell-mediated immunity, - also called CD8 positive (CD8+ cells) because they have membrane protein CD8-act against infected or abnormal body cells, including virus-infected cells, bacteria-infected cells, some fungus- or protozoan-infected cells, some cancer cells, and foreign cells that enter the body as a result of organ transplantation. 5) Two types of - Th1 and Th2 - are characterized by a membrane protein, CD4, so they are CD4+ and direct cell-mediated and antibody immune responses, respectively. B Lymphocytes (B Cells) and Antibodies 1. , which in the red bone marrow, make immunoglobulins (Ig) of two types(BCRs) and 2. Immunoglobulins are complementary to epitopes and consist of two identical shorter chains and two identical longer chains joined via bonds to form Y shaped molecules. 3. are inserted into the cytoplasmic membranes of B cells via transmembrane polypeptides. 4. The arms of each heavy and light chain vary in amino acid sequence, and thus each is called a region. 5. The two variable regions form -binding sites. 6. Exact binding between an antigen-binding site and an epitope accounts for the of an antibody immune response. 7. Because an antigen typically has numerous , many different BCRs will recognize any particular antigen's epitopes, but each BCR recognizes only epitope. 8. When an antigenic epitope stimulates a specific B cell, the B cell begins reproducing. a. The daughter B lymphocytes are now called cells, secrete and no longer display 9. Antibodies: a. similar to BCRs in shape but are portion of BCRs. b. Antibodies carry the same cell. for an epitope as the BCR of the activated B c. The arms, or antigen-binding sites. (fragment, antigen-binding), of the antibody contain the d. The antibody stem is called the (fragment, crystallizable). e. There are five basic types of stems, and these form the five classes of antibodies: , and .

Please answer all questions- T Lymphocytes (T Cells) 1) T lymphocytes.docx

JakeT2gGrayp

Please answer all questions. 5. When the inflammatory mediators exceed the body's coping mechanisms, acute shock may occur, which requires immediate treatment with epinephrine. 6. Type I hypersensitivity can be diagnosed by and can be partially prevented by avoidance of and by 7. Some type I hypersensitivities are treated with IMMUNODEFICIENCY DISEASES 1. develop when the body cannot launch or sustain an immune response and may be classified as: a. immunodeficiency diseases, which result from mutations or developmental anomalies and occur in young children, are present from birth, resulting from a genetic defect or developmental abnormality. They are generally rare and may affect B cells, T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, phagocytes, or complement components. b. immunodeficiency diseases, occur after birth, perhaps due . The most significant example of an acquired immunodeficiency is (AIDS). c. People with either type of immunodeficiency tend to have repeated infections; the types of infections often depend on which part of the immune system is affected. .

Please answer all questions- 5- When the inflammatory mediators excee (1).docx

JakeT2gGrayp

Please answer all questions. 10. Antibody Function: The binding of antibody to epitope is the central functional feature of antibody adaptive immune responses. Once bound, they function in several ways. These include: a. : Stems of antibody molecules can bind and activate complement protein 1 (C1), triggering the complement cascade. IgE antibody stems attach to mast cells and eosinophils, causing them to release inflammatory chemicals. b. which antibodies achieve by binding to critical portions, or neutralization of bacteria or viruses, when bound antibodies block attachment molecules on their surfaces. c. : whereby antibodies act as opsonins to stimulate Phagocytes have receptors for antibody stems and can phagocytize them quickly. d. which is the clumping of antigen-bound antibody molecules, and which hinders the activity of pathogens and increases the chance that they will be e. (ADCC). Similar to opsonization, the stems of antibodies interact with , which then releases perforin and granzymes, which trigger in the targeted cell. Immune Response Cytokines 1. are soluble regulatory proteins that act as intercellular signals when released by certain body cells, including those of the kidney, skin, and immune system. 2. Cytokines of the immune system include: a. : which signal among leukocytes (primarily). b. : which are antiviral proteins that also act as cytokines. The most potent is gamma interferon (IFN-p). c. which stimulate leukocyte stem cells to divide. d. which is secreted by macrophages and T cells to kill tumor cells and to regulate immune responses and inflammation. e. which signal leukocytes to move to a site of inflammation or infection, or to move within tissues. Cell-Mediated Immune Responses The body uses cell-mediated immune responses to endogenous antigens to fight intracellular pathogens such as viruses that have invaded body cells, as well as abnormal body cells such as cancer cells. 1. Once activated by cells, T cells (Tc cells) recognize abnormal molecules presented by MHC class foreign cells. 2. Activated Tc cells reproduce to form protein on the surface of infected, cancerous, or expansion. 3. T cells destroy their target cells via two pathways: a. The pathway, which kills the affected cells by secreting perforins and granzymes .

Please answer all questions- 10- Antibody Function- The binding of an.docx

JakeT2gGrayp

Phosphatidate is an intermediate in the formation of- a) phospholipids.docx

JakeT2gGrayp

phage type of 42D. Which statement(s) are true? Check All That Apply The man who is suing picked up a pathogenic S . aureus from another source, perhaps even from his own normal biota. The potato salad was the source of the outbreak for all of these people. Person number 4 who ate the original potato salad did not get ill from S . aureus in that potato salad. There is no way to determine who got infected with which S. aureus. Ceck Ar That Apour phinge typed, and this is abs eone with fecil samples trom 4 of the il peogle. The 4 it people hed no potaio saisd ien. A week ister anather person, cloiming to have boughr ine potano salsd and thrown it out aftes .

phage type of 42D- Which statement(s) are true- Check All That Apply T.docx

JakeT2gGrayp

Pequired informetion Learning Objective 03-P6- Prepare closing entries.docx

JakeT2gGrayp

Please update the registers at the end of the program execution- Also.docx

JakeT2gGrayp

Please see below H 10 table released by the Fed. Rates in currency units per U.S. dollar except as noted by an asterisk ("). Asterisk indicates U.S. dollars per currency unit. Foreign Exchange Rates - H.10 Weekly (Rates in currenev unitt per U.S. dollar exceot as noted] Using the data from the above table H 10 , calculate and state the value of the exchange rate yens per South Africa rand, EY/R on February 12. .

Please see below H10 table released by the Fed- Rates in currency unit.docx

JakeT2gGrayp

People are perceived as being more trustworthy when they- Select one-.docx

JakeT2gGrayp

Please make revision to the following program so it incorporates three different functions (other than main) without changing much of the code itself. #include <iostream> #include <fstream> #include <string> using namespace std; int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { (void) argc; string filename = argv[1]; ifstream infile; infile.open(filename); if (!infile.is_open()) { cerr << "ERROR: Error opening file - "; cerr << "please check that you specified the correct file name "; exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } if (infile.eof()) { cerr << "ERROR: Letter file is not properly formatted. "; exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } // Read the contents of the file into a string string contents; char ch; while (infile >> ch) { contents += ch; } // Calculate the frequency distribution of letters in the text int letter_count[26]; int size_of_file = contents.size(); for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) letter_count[i] = 0; int total_letters = 0; for (int i = 0; i < size_of_file; i++) { char letter = contents[i]; if (letter >= 'a' && letter <= 'z') { letter_count[letter - 'a']++; total_letters++; } else if (letter >= 'A' && letter <= 'Z') { letter_count[letter - 'A']++; total_letters++; } } // The expected frequency distribution of English letters double expected_count[26] = {0.0812, 0.0149, 0.0271, 0.0432, 0.1202, 0.0230, 0.0203, 0.0592, 0.0731, 0.0010, 0.0069, 0.0398, 0.0261, 0.0695, 0.0768, 0.0182, 0.0011, 0.0602, 0.0628, 0.0910, 0.0288, 0.0111, 0.0209, 0.0017, 0.0211, 0.0007}; // Calculate the sum of squared errors between observed and expected // frequencies double min_error = 1e9; int shift = 0; for (int s = 0; s < 26; s++) { double error = 0.0; for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) { int observed_count = letter_count[(i + s) % 26]; double expected = total_letters * expected_count[i]; double diff = observed_count - expected; error += diff * diff / expected; } if (error < min_error) { min_error = error; shift = s; } } // Output the shift amount cout << "The shift amount is: " << shift << endl; // Close the input file infile.close(); return 0; } .

Please make revision to the following program so it incorporates three.docx

JakeT2gGrayp

Please make sure the program is in Java 2- A double-ended queue is a generalization of the queue in which elements can be added or deleted from both the front and rear ends. Write java classes to implement the double-ended queue ADT with at least the following operations: constructor, IsEmpty, IsFull, AddFront, AddRear, DeleteFront, DeleteRear, CheckFront, CheckRear, and Reverse. Write the main program to test it. (7.5 marks) .

Please make sure the program is in Java 2- A double-ended queue is a g.docx

JakeT2gGrayp

Please help. Thank you I really appreciate your help A large hospital needs to update its training program so that new staff members are trained in the most efficient manner possible. Which activity should be included in the planning process for this initiative? Assess the scope of the change project Begin the process improvement method Sponsor an area-specific champion Determine the corrective action A pharmacy in a rural area wants to be open 24 hours a day Monday through Saturday to decrease wait time for receiving prescriptions. What would be the first step in this change? Expanding the waiting room area Conducting user surveys from the community Creating a new schedule for the pharmacy Hiring more staff for the additional hours An urgent care facility has determined that both a software and hardware upgrade is needed for the internal information system to meet regulatory compliance. Which activity should come next in this facility's planning process? Developing a baseline project schedule Documenting the impact of requested changes Assessing the current system Analyzing how data is currently being reported .

Please help- Thank you I really appreciate your help A large hospital.docx

JakeT2gGrayp

Please make sure you write the question before answering. Please draw the graphs and explain. Possible points: 6 Due date: 2/20/23 1. Draw and explain a supply curve for music downloads....(2) 2. Consider the following events: the scientists reveal that eating oranges decreases the risk of diabetes, at the same time, farmers use a new fertilizer that makes the orange trees produce more oranges. Explain the effects of these changes on equilibrium price and quantity of oranges. Explain and draw graphs. (Draw at least two graphs)... (4) .

Please make sure you write the question before answering- Please draw.docx

JakeT2gGrayp

Pedigree 4- Use A to represent the allele for the ability to taste PTC.docx

JakeT2gGrayp

PLEASE HELP PLEASE 12) The difference between vitamins and minerals is that vitamins are ___ while minerals are ____. A. Organic; inorganic B. Non-GMO; conventional C. Inorganic; organic 13) Stratified epithelia are most likely to be found in which of the following locations (select all that apply) Inside the mouth Gas exchange surface of lungs Collecting duct of kidney Inside the esophagus 16) Where in the mammalian kidney do you find sodium potassium pumps? Where in the mammalian kidney do you find sodium potassium pumps? Thin ascending limp in the loop of Henle Thick ascending limp in the loop of Henle Descending limp in the loop of Henle 19) How do humans ventilate their lungs? A. Negative pressure ventilation B. Positive pressure ventilation .

PLEASE HELP PLEASE 12) The difference between vitamins and minerals i.docx

JakeT2gGrayp

Please help me- Q1) True or False- Support and explain your answers i.docx

JakeT2gGrayp

Pedigree 1: An individual with albinism lacks an enzyme needed to form the skin pigment melanin. This condition is controlled by a recessive allele. Use DD to represent the allele for normal skin and dd to represent the genotype for albinism. Fill in the genotypes below each individual in the pedigree below. If individuals 1&2 in generation II were to have another child, what is the chance the next child will be normal? Pedigree 2: Hemophilia is a sex-linked genetic disease caused by recessive allele ( X 2 ) which doesn"t allow the blood to clot. Female hemophiliaes are homoxygous recestive, but carrier female have only one allele and their blood clots normally. List the genotypes of each individual in the pedigree below. If individual 2 in generation III were to marry a woman that was normal for blood clotting. what is the chance that their first child will be a hemophiliac? .

Pedigree 1- An individual with albinism lacks an enzyme needed to form.docx

JakeT2gGrayp

Please help me make a UML for Java! Look at the code below and make a.docx

JakeT2gGrayp

More from JakeT2gGrayp (20)