Plant parts perform important functions for a plant's growth and survival. Leaves capture sunlight to produce food through photosynthesis. Flowers produce seeds and add beauty. Fruits contain seeds and are sometimes eaten by animals or humans. Seeds develop into new plants. Stems provide structure, support, and transport of water and nutrients. Roots absorb water and nutrients from the soil or water. Not all plant types have the same parts.

1. Plant Parts andTheir
Functions

2. Plants have different parts. Each
part performs specific functions
that are
important to the plant’s growth.
However, not all of these parts are
present in all types of plants.

3. Leaves
•The leaves are the food makers
of plants. They contain a
pigment called chlorophyll,
which gives them their green
color. Leaves are designed to
capture sunlight, which the plant
uses to make food through a
process called photosynthesis.

4. Leaves come in different shapes and sizes.
mint coffe
e
fer
n

5. aloe
vera
banan
a
papay
a

6. Flowers
•The plants have flowers, which
makes seeds. Flowers also add
beauty to plants. They may differ
in color, size, or shape.

7. lotu
s
sunflowe
r
Ilang-
ilang

8. anthuriu
m
mang
o
papay
a

9. Some flowers, such as the rose, ilang –ilang, and sampaguita,
have pleasant smells and are used to make perfumes. Other,
such as sunflowers, do not have any scent. There are also
flowers, such as the corpse lily, that give off strong, unpleasant
scents.
Many flowers develop into fruits or vegetables, like those of
papaya and mango.

10. Fruits
•Fruits are the fleshy parts of
plants that develop from
flowers. They contain the seeds
of a plant. Some fruits are eaten
because they taste bad or they
contain substances that are
harmful to the body. Not all
plants bear fruits.

11. Seeds
•Seeds are small plants from which
new plants grow. When these
seeds are buried in soil, they
develop shoots and sprout into
plants. Some fruits, such as
mangoes, and avocados, may have
seed, whereas other, such as
guavas and atis, have plenty of
seeds. Some plants do not have
seeds.

14. • The stems hold the leaves, flowers, and
fruits. They provide support to the plant.
They also bring water and nutrients from
the roots and food from the leaves to the
other plant parts.
• There are different kinds of stems. The
main stem of a tree, called a trunk, is hard
and sturdy. Some stems are soft and are
used as food, such as those of kangkong.
Meanwhile, the bamboo stem is used for
building houses and fences.
Stems

17. Roots
•Most roots grow under the
ground. Some roots are aerial or
grow above the ground, like
those orchids. Some grow in
water, like those water lilies,