Plants have different parts that each serve important functions. Leaves capture sunlight to produce food through photosynthesis. Flowers produce seeds and add beauty; many flowers also develop into fruits. Fruits contain seeds and are sometimes eaten. Seeds can grow into new plants. Stems provide support and transport water and nutrients. Roots absorb water and nutrients from the soil or water.

1. Plant Parts and Their
Functions

2. Plants have different parts. Each part
performs specific functions that are
important to the plant’s growth. However,
not all of these parts are present in all types
of plants.

3. Leaves
•The leaves are the food makers of
plants. They contain a pigment
called chlorophyll, which gives them
their green color. Leaves are
designed to capture sunlight, which
the plant uses to make food through
a process called photosynthesis.

4. Leaves come in different shapes and sizes.
mint coffee fern

5. aloe vera
banana papaya

6. Flowers
•The plants have flowers, which
makes seeds. Flowers also add
beauty to plants. They may differ in
color, size, or shape.

7. lotus sunflower
Ilang-ilang

8. anthurium mango
papaya

9. Some flowers, such as the rose, ilang –ilang, and sampaguita, have
pleasant smells and are used to make perfumes. Other, such as
sunflowers, do not have any scent. There are also flowers, such as the
corpse lily, that give off strong, unpleasant scents.
Many flowers develop into fruits or vegetables, like those of papaya
and mango.

10. Fruits
•Fruits are the fleshy parts of plants
that develop from flowers. They
contain the seeds of a plant. Some
fruits are eaten because they taste
bad or they contain substances that
are harmful to the body. Not all
plants bear fruits.

11. Seeds
•Seeds are small plants from which new
plants grow. When these seeds are
buried in soil, they develop shoots and
sprout into plants. Some fruits, such as
mangoes, and avocados, may have
seed, whereas other, such as guavas
and atis, have plenty of seeds. Some
plants do not have seeds.

14. • The stems hold the leaves, flowers, and fruits.
They provide support to the plant. They also
bring water and nutrients from the roots and
food from the leaves to the other plant parts.
• There are different kinds of stems. The main
stem of a tree, called a trunk, is hard and sturdy.
Some stems are soft and are used as food, such
as those of kangkong. Meanwhile, the bamboo
stem is used for building houses and fences.
Stems

17. Roots
•Most roots grow under the ground.
Some roots are aerial or grow above
the ground, like those orchids. Some
grow in water, like those water lilies,