The document summarizes information about the areca nut palm tree, including its origin, cultivation, composition, uses, and processing. It notes that the areca nut palm is native to the Malayan archipelago and is an important crop in India. The nut has various medical properties and is commonly used as a chewing nut. It provides details on the botany, composition including polyphenols and fatty acids, pharmacological effects, tender nut processing methods, uses such as in medicines and dyes, and challenges in cultivation like pests and water access.

1. PLANTATION ANDADAPTATIONOF ARECANUT
TREE
BY:DEVIKA
2ND YEAR,EEE
USN:1BI22EE011

2. INTRODUCTION
● S.N:AREACA CATECHU
● FAMILY: palmea/arecaceae
● Cr: No:2n=32
● origin:Malayan archipelago
❏ The arecanut palm is the source of common chewing nut popularly known as arecanut,betal nut or supari
❏ It is mainly used extensively in india by all sections of people as mastricatory,and it is an essential requests for
several religious and social ceremonies
❏ It is the commercial crop grown in karnataka, kerala,assam,west Bengal,Andaman and Nicobar islands.
❏ India is the largest producer and consumer of these in whole world holding 62% of area and 60% of the
production.karnataka ranks 1st with respect to area,production and productivity of areca nut.
❏ Iit is known to have several medical properties. It has quality of supplying stimulation to nervous system and
increase secretion of saliva in mouth.

3. BOTANY
● ARECA CATECHU (2N=32) is the only cultivated species used as a masticatory.
● Areca concinna suckering plam with scarlet red fruits and the fruits are occasionally
chewed.
● A.catechu-4 botanical varies (based on the size and the shape ofthe fruits and
kernel)
➢ A CATECHU VAR COMMUNIS,
➢ A catechu var sylvatica
➢ A catechu var batanesis,
➢ A catechu var longicarapa and
➢ A catechu var deliciosa

4. COMPOSITION
● NUT contains POLYPHENOLS ,FATS ,POLYSACCHARIDES , FIBERAND
PROTIEN
● POLYPHENOLS 11-18% in dried nut & 38-47% in tender nuts mainly
FLAVANOIDS .
● FAT 9-15% in dried nut, rich in saturated fatty acids like
myristic acid,protiens(6.2-7.5%),crude fiber(11.4-
15.4%),moisture(38.9-56.7%)
● Areca nut -4th common additive substance after tobacco,alchol and caffein
● minerals-Ca(0.05%),p(0.13%),Fe(1.5g 100g)
●

5. PHARMALOGICAL EFFECTS OFARECOLINE
Effects on nervous system:
A. Improve the ability of learning and memory
B. Treatment of depression
Effect on endocrine system:
A. Stimulating production of testosterone
B. Stimulating adrenal activity and inhibiting the activity eventually
Effect on digestive system:
A. Promoting activity on smooth muscle contraction
B. Pramorting the contraction of gastric smooth muscle and muscle strip of colon.
Effect on anti parasitic :
A. Against tape worm
B. Against cysticercus

6. PRESENTSTATUSOFARECANUT
1. We have attained self sufficiency in our requirements. The area and production of area nut
in india showed an increasing trend during past 40 years.
2. Now research is going on to find out medical uses and better alternate uses of areca nut
3. Limited export potential:people of only asian origin are habituated to areca nut
Areca nut obtained from the fruit is chewed both as raw nut .depending upon the nature of end
products the fruit is harvested at different stages of maturity for processing of areca nut.fully ripe
arecanut is generally used by the consumers of coastal karnataka,assam,kerala and
northernparts of west bengal.
In assam they are preserved in thick layers of mud to elicit a moist chewing feel in mouth when
consumed and known as BURATAMUL.
Ins kerala they are preserved or stored by steeping in water. The inner core is practically well
preserved. Such water preserved nuts,known as NEETADAKA

7. PROBLEMSASSOCIATEDWITH PRODUCTION
1. COST OF CULTIVATION:IN TODAYS ENVIRONMENT ATARTARECA CULTIVATION ONE
SHOULD HAVE PAITENCE,COMMITMENTS,PRESERVENCE,TEAM OF LABOUR AND ABILITY
TO INVEST LAKHS OF RUPEES
2. PESTE CUSING MAJOR CROP LOSS:areca nut cultivation in the study area is subject to
disturbance by several insects and non insects.The major pests causing considerable crop loss to
farmers will comprise of mites,spindle bugs
3. WATER AD IRRIGATION DIFFICLTIES:farmers need to invest lakhs of rupees to irrigate land.
4. THE PRODUCTIVITY OF AREACA NUT IN INDIA IS VERY LOW compared with some country
china,vietnam etc.the low productivity is due to low input use by growth productivity could be
doubled by using input use technology developed by CPCRI.this will reduce the cost of production
and makes the products cost effective.

8. TENDER NUT PROCESSING
ITS MAINLY DONE IN KARNATAKAAND KERALA
1. NUT HARVESTED at 6 to 7 months stage of maturity.
2. DEHUSKING:seperation of husk from kernels ,special instrument made purpose.
3. BOILING :the tender nuts boiled soon after they are husked in a contained water
becomes thick syrup.
4. KALI OR CHOGARU COATING :kali is the extract obtained during boiling tender
nut.after boiling the areca nut are given coating with kali to improve colouring.
5. DRYING:boiling kernels are dried on a special bamboo mats about eight days under
the sun light by spreading in open yard on raised platform in front of the gowrner
house called “adike atta”for shade purpose.
6. COLOURING:faulty drying exposure to rain or delay in boiling results in bleached
appearance to nuts due to lack of proper colouring.

9. Awell dried product of kalipak will have;
❏ Dark brown colour
❏ Glossy appearance
❏ Crisp chewing feel
❏ Well toned astringency and
❏ Absence of over matured nuts

10. USESOFARECANUT
1. ARECA NUT is already made in different various such as powdered quality,scented
one,’gutkha’.’pan masala’ and ‘mama’tabacco mix.
2. Tannin in areca nut were being used for dyeing cloths and tanning leather used as an adhesive in ply
board manufacture.
3. Black writing ink of acceptable quality may be prepared.further it is used as paint to colour walls
4. It is also used for herbal tooth brush
5. VIGBATA’S refer to areca nut he describes its use treatment of cough fit worms,anemia ,areca nut is
recommended as ointment for treatment.
6. DESAIreported that areca nut is useful in dysentry ,it has major scpe in medical field.
7. Its is used to protecting measure to their garden land.
8. Used to construct temporary sheds and tents.
9. Its tree can be turned into usable furniture like chairs, table sofa etc.
10. Areca leaf is used in the form of rope to tie bags,pepper plants betal vine plants.
11. Areca flower is used for worship and decoration purpose.

11. Photos:

12. THANK YOU