The document outlines the process of national development planning in Nepal, emphasizing the importance of socio-economic transformation, self-dependency, and strategic planning to improve the nation's economy. It details the steps involved in formulating a plan, including evaluation of past efforts, collection of new project proposals, setting objectives and priorities, and implementation with monitoring. Additionally, it discusses the historical context and objectives of various periodic plans in Nepal, culminating in the current 15th plan which focuses on modern infrastructure, citizen welfare, and sustainable growth.

1. - Samikshya Khatri : 77
- Sudhan Lohar : 93
- Shruti Shah : 85
- Tara Bishwakarma : 105
- Supriya Adhikari : 101

5. Summary:
• To prepare basis for prosperity quality & modern infrastructure ; increasing productive & decent
employ ; high sustainable & inclusive economic growth, & by poverty alleviation.
• To preserve & protect national dignity independence & national interest through socio-economic
transformation & self-dependent & sustainable national economy.

7. • Plan formulation is the process of developing a detailed strategy with reference to the evolution of
previous plan including evaluation and monitoring of the current plan to achieve a specific goal or
objective.
• In context of Nepal, as central agency of government ; The National Planning Commission (NPC)
formulates a national development plan which should be formulated according to the economic
condition and social needs of the nation.
The process of plan formulation in Nepal as follow :
1. Evaluation of past plan and estimation of new plan
2. Collection and presentation of new project proposal
3. Discussion
4. Determination of objective
5. Setting target and priorities

8. 6. Determination of growth rate
7. Proper development policies
6. Mobilization of resources
7. Authorization and implementation
8. Monitoring and evaluation
1. EVALUATION OF PAST PLAN AND ESTIMATION OF NEW PLAN :
 The first step of plan formulation is that ; The Planning Authority evaluates the previous
plan.
 While in this process planning authority evaluate the success or failure of the current and
previous plan.
 Failed plan should be change with improvement or dropped and successful programs and
policies continued by planning authority in the new plan.
 Authority estimated overall required resources income and expenditure for the proposed
plan.

9. 2: COLLECTION AND PRESENTATION OF NEW PROJECT PROPOSAL :
 Planning authority collect proposal from each district of the country (Development
Committee).
 National Planning Commission (NPC) collects various development projects from the
concerned offices of local government Federal Government and, Central Government.
 District level authority sends their programs or proposal to NPC through their respective
minister.
 The NPC propose some central level project proposal to National Development Council
(NDC).
3. DISCUSSION :
 Discussion programs take place among NDC & NPC.
 Which includes the representative member from various sectors and area of the country and,
 NPC (ministry secretaries, experts from concerned field, and representative of donor agencies).
 On the basis od discussion determines it the new plan can be conducted or not.

10. 4. DETERMINATION OF OBJECTIVES :
 The objectives should be determines in a plan document to meet desired goal according to existing
resources of the country (which should be clear and specific).
5. SETTING TARGET AND PRIORITIES :
 The target of the plan should be determined for a decent development plan,
 Which guides overall activity during the proposed plan period.
6. DETERMINATION OF THE GROWTH RATE :
 In the good planning, there should determined growth rate on the basis of capital resources,
human resources, natural resources.

11. 7. PROPER DEVELOPMENT POLICIES :
 Development policies always work as guidelines in preparing development programs.
 Which may be related with legal framework and economic activity.
 Resource mobilization is a process which will identify the essential
resources for development and continuing for the achievement of
development mission.
8. MOBILIZATION OF RESOURCES :
9. AUTHORIZATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PLAN :
 The final document of development plan prepared by planning authority is presented to National
Development Council for authorization.
 After authorization of new plan, it is implemented in association with government of Nepal ( NPC, private
sectors, NGO/INGO and local authorities.

12. 10. MONITARING AND EVALUATION :
 Regular monitoring and supervision are made by NPC.
 It is necessary to evaluate the plan periodically to determine its success or failure.

13. Plan development in Nepal :
 Nepal started development planning process in 1956 A.D./2013 BS.
 The National Planning Commission made by government under Yojana Mandala Act,1956
headed by P.M.
 In 1961 started party-less panchayat system and National Planning Commission formed
under the king.
 In 1963 it was de-solved and the ‘Ministry of Economy Affairs’ renamed ‘Ministry of
Economic Planning.’
 In 1963 the national planning council changes into National Planning Commission.
 After multi-party democracy in 1990 NPC reconstructed.
 Now NPC constructed according to ‘Constitution of Nepal’
 NPC is as an apex and central agency of government of Nepal for formulating a National
vision, periodic plan and policies for development.

14. Summary of objective in different periodic plans of Nepal :-
# THE FIRST PLAN ( 1956 -1961 )
Four tiers of objectives :-
 rise living stander.
 to establish necessary institution.
 provide employment.
 to increase national output.
Estimated development outlay was 330 million.
# THE SECOND PLAN ( 1962 – 1965 )
Three particular objective :-
 production, distribution and economic stability.
 emphasized industrial development.
 to increase agriculture : economic stability.
Estimated outlay was 670 million.

15. # THE THIRD PLAN (1956-1970)
There was particularly three objectives :-
 Development, foundation and a addressing social inequality by NPC.
 Emphasized to increase agriculture, development and infrastructure.
 For economic equality concept of land reform was started as the first time.
Estimated outlay was 2500 million.
# THE FOURTH PLAN (1970 – 1975)
Particular objective was
 to increase agriculture, economic, equality, justice in society.
Emphasized to expand the facility of transport and communication.
 some achievements :-
•Expansion of telephone service
•Establishment of post office
• airport and trolley bus service also started

16. #THE FIFTH PLAN ( 1975-1980 )
First time kept objective of geographical balance development.
first time plan concerned with the problem at poverty.
Emphasized to increase production or agriculture
• annual economic growth rate = 2.2%
• population growth rate = 2.3%
#THE SIXTH PLAN ( 1980 – 1985 )
First time minimum basic need introduces.
emphasized to increase production in higher rate and employment opportunities.
• Economic growth rate = 5.9%
• literacy rate 28.9%

17. # THE SEVENTH PLAN ( 1985 – 1990 )
→ Emphasized to fulfill basic needs of people,
→ Started ‘MDC’
→ Proposed budget was 29 billion
# THE EIGHTH PLAN ( 1992-1997 )
objectives was :
• to alleviate poverty
• to create Democratic principle of privatization, liberalization and globalization.
# THE NINTH PLAN ( 1997-2002 )
Emphasized to alleviation of poverty.
• to attain economic prosperity
• Economic ana social empowerment
• of the people.
Targeted to increase industrial production by 6% and 6.35 million job.

18. # THE TENTH PLAN ( 2002 - 2007 )
Government of Nepal created four pillars for poverty reduction strategy.
• 28% People are under poverty
• reduced poverty level in 30%
• Targeted annual growth rate 4.0 percent
• Achieve 3.2 percent.
# THE ELEVENTH PLAN ( 2007 – 2010 ; Interim plan)
→ Emphasized to establishment of peace and
• reduce poverty, inequality in the country.
→ Targeted annual growth rale = 5.5 percent
Achieved 4.0 percent.
→ poverty rate was 24%

19. # THE TWELVETH PLAN ( 2011 – 2013 )
→ The objective of plan was: alleviate poverty and sustainable peace
→ to increase economic growth.
→ Targeted economic growth rate is 5.5% at TYP period growth rate was 4%
→ Targeted agriculture growth rate 4.5% achieve 2.22%
#THE THIRTEEN PLAN ( 2013-2016 )
→ The objective of plan was :
→ to reduce human economic poverty
→ to upgrade to Nepal from LDG to developing country
→ Targeted annual growth rate 6.6 % achieve 2.92%

20. # THE FOURTHTEEN PLAN ( 2016 – 2019 )
→ the objective of plan was to bring socio- economic transformation through repaid
→ poverty reduction with speedy economic growth and productive employment and equitable
distribution.
→ Total government expenditure/outlay was
→ NAs: 3 Trillion 34.92 billion.
# THE FIFTHTEEN PLAN ( 2019 - 2023 )
National objective :
• To provide easily accessible, qualitative and modern infrastructure, productive employment high
sustainable inclusive economic growth through poverty alleviation.
• To provide qualitative heath and healthy environment, social justice, accountable social service.
• To protect the national benefit of democracy. sovereignty and ensure social economic transformation
for a strong economic foundation.

22. CHALLENGES OF PLANNING IN NEPAL :
1.Political instability
2.Geographical terrain
3.Limited resources
4.Corruption
5. Natural disasters
6.Poor infrastructure
7.Limited institutional capacity
8.Social and cultural factors
9.Dependency on foreign aid
10.Climate change.

23. NATIONAL STRATEGY
National strategy or action plans are strategic plans designed by government to guide action
over a specific period of time and towards the fulfillment of a policy objective.
Current year plan is the 15th plan which is also the first development plan formulated by the Federal
Government of Nepal. Its long term-vision is :
“ Prosperous Nepal, Happy Nepali.”
Objectives:
• Build modern infrastructure for prosperity
• Strengthen federal administration for citizen welfare
• Preserve national dignity and independence through socio-economic transformation.

24. Source: Government of Nepal, National Planning Commission (2019). Fifteenth Plan (F.Y. 2076/77 - 2080/81). Approach paper, Singha-
durbar, Kathmandu

26. Overcoming challenges in planned development of a state requires a comprehensive approach to achieve its
objectives which requires careful planning, implementation and monitoring & various factors: