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PLAN 4003: Urban Form & Design
Week 14: COURSE REVIEW
Anuradha Mukherji
Assistant Professor of Urban and Regional Planning
Piazza Del Campidoglio (Rome, Italy), Michelangelo, 1537, Italian Renaissance
This image is attributed to Society of Architectural Historians @ 2011 (CC BY-NC 2.0)
Piazza Del Campidoglio (Rome, Italy)/Capitoline Hill, Michelangelo, 1537, Italian Renaissance
This image is attributed to Giulio Menna @ 2010 (CC BY-ND 2.0)
Haussmannization of Paris (Transformation of a Medieval City)
This image is attributed to Mark Jaroski @ 2004 (CC BY-SA 2.5)
Haussmannization of Paris (Transformation of a Medieval City)
This image is attributed to John McNab @ 2010 (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
Haussmannization of Paris (Transformation of a Medieval City)
Haussmannization of Paris (Transformation of a Medieval City)
Ohio Works of the Carnegie Steel Co., Youngstown, Ohio, 1910
These images are attributed to Haines Photo Co. @ 1919 (PD-US-1923) and Seattle Engineering Co. (PD-US-1923)
Seattle Railroad, 1900
Urban Tenements
This image is in the public domain (PD-US-1923)
This image is attributed to Public Domain (PD-US-1923)
Frederick Law Olmstead, 1895
Portrait by John Singer Sargent (1856-1925)
URBAN PARKS MOVEMENT
- Urban parks formalized as public space or
recreational area
- Response to worsening urban conditions
- Links with public health
- Aligned with democratic ideals, open to all
- Parks for the public
- Move away from formalized, rationalized
geometric designs, more organic instead
- Parks as the ‘lungs of the city’, bringing clean
air and sunlight into dirty grimy industrial city
- Parks provided recreational opportunities and
an ‘outlet’ for the stresses of city life
Central Park, New York City (Designed by Frederick Law Olmstead & Calvert Vaux, 1858, 843 acre)
Garden City – Self sufficient unit
This image is attributed to Public Domain (PD-US-1923)
IDEA OF THE GARDEN CITY
- Ebenezer Howard – Town-Country Magnet
- Overcrowding an urban ill
- Cities attractive due to higher wages and
social opportunities, recreation
- Hardship in cities – high rents, prices, long
work hours, commuting distance, isolation
and alienation, health hazards
- Rural life beautiful - offers land, fresh air,
water, sunshine
- Rural less compelling – dull and lack of
economic opportunities
- Combining features of urban and country
life to achieve balanced lifestyles and best
of both
- Self contained garden cities of 30,000
people around a larger central city
- Cities with higher wages, regular jobs and
healthier environments
Ebenezer Howard’s Garden City (Reorganization of the City)
This image is attributed to Public Domain (PD-US-1923)
GARDEN CITY MOVEMENT
- Elements – zoning and
greenbelts
- Zoning – division of land
for different uses
- Green belts – ‘buffer’
zones between distinct
land uses
- Housing and community
facilities away from
factory and
manufacturing areas
Letchworth Garden City, Hertfordshire, Great Britain
This image is attributed to Public Domain (PD-US-1923)
CORBUSIER’S IDEAS
- Modern city functions along straight lines –
sewers, tunnels, highways, traffic circulation
- Divided into grid system, no need for curves
- Stress on functionality, no artistic tradition
- Bare, efficient, functional – main purpose of
carrying traffic, gas, water, electric lines
- No discussion of street as a public space –
crooked streets as pack donkey’s way
This image is attributed to United States Geological Survey
Pruitt-Igoe Public Housing Complex, St. Louis, Missouri
BRASILIA, Capital of Brazil
This image is attributed to www.urbanity.es, Accessed February 2013
BRASILIA
This image is attributed to www.skyscraperlife.com, Accessed February 2013
Central Monumental Axis, BRASILIA
This image is attributed www.urbanity.es, Accessed February 2013
CAMILLO SITTE’S IDEAS
- Straight lines are unnatural, do not follow
terrain
- Need both art and function to make cities
appealing
- Lack of urban public space in cities
- Isolated block of buildings, and no unifying
factors, boring spaces
Camillo Sitte, Study of Medieval Plazas
This image is attributed to Public Domain (PD-US-1923)
NEIGHBORHOOD UNIT – CLARENCE PERRY
This image is attributed to New York Regional Survey @ 1929
- Growing congestion
and traffic
- New plans for regional
expansion
- Idea of a self contained
neighborhood unit
- Centered on school and
community center
- Bound by arterial roads
- No vehicular traffic
through neighborhood
- Unit – school, residential,
shops, parks
- Codified by FHA into
sub-division standards
JANE JACOBS
This image is attributed to www.thesocietypages.org, Accessed February 2013
1. Sidewalk & Safety - Eyes on the Street
1. Sidewalk & Public Life
1. Sidewalk & Child Rearing
1. Neighborhood Park
1. City Neighborhoods
Greenwich Village, New York City
This image is attributed to nydiscovery7 @ 2007 (CC BY-NC 2.0)
North End, Boston
This image is attributed to Mukherji @ 2013, All Rights Reserved
Suburban Sprawl, Las Vegas
This image is attributed to guidoanselmi @ 2010 (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0)
Mixed Use Development, Greater London
This image is attributed to Minerva Bloom @ 2009 (CC BY-NC 3.0)
NEW URBANISM, Main Square, Seaside, Florida
This image is attributed to Tim Cummins @ 2007 (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
NEW URBANISM, Main Square, Seaside, Florida
This image is attributed to UGArdener @ 2012 (CC BY-NC 2.0)
NEW URBANISM, Street, Seaside, Florida
This image is attributed to UGArdener @ 2012 (CC BY-NC 2.0)
NEW URBANISM, Inner Street, Seaside, Florida
This image is attributed to UGArdener @ 2012 (CC BY-NC 2.0)
Kevin Lynch
BOSTON
Wynantskill, New York
This image is attributed to Matt Wade @ 2009 (CC BY-SA 3.0)
Andover, Massachusetts
This image is attributed to NNECAPA@ 2005 (CC 2.0)
Greenville, North Carolina
This image is attributed to Zach Frailey @ 2013 (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
THIRD PLACE – English Pub
THIRD PLACE – Bath House, China
THIRD PLACE – Street side Bench, Italy
Stroget (Largest Pedestrian Mall), Copenhagen, Denmark
This image is attributed to Project for Public Spaces (www.pps.org)
Plaza (Sitting), Seattle, Washington
Photograph by Anuradha Mukherji @ 2013
Union Square, San Francisco, California
Rockfeller Center Office, New York City, New York
This image is attributed to Project for Public Spaces (www.pps.org)
Space Between Buildings, Seattle, Washington
Photograph by Anuradha Mukherji @ 2013
Complete Street (Downtown, Portland, Oregon)
This image is attributed to Todd Mecklem @ 2011 (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
Complete Street, East Boulevard, Charlotte, North Carolina
This image is attributed to CompleteStreets @ 2010 (CC BY-NC 2.0)
Automobile Parking, Wide Pedestrian Sidewalk & Sheltered Bike Parking (Hawthorne, Portland, Oregon)
This image is attributed to Steven Vance @ 2010 (CC BY-NC-SA 2.0)
Elevated Highways, Shanghai, China
This image is attributed to Pyzhou @ 2008 (CC BY-SA 3.0)
Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
This image is attributed to Richard Aufreiter @ 2012 (CC BY-NC 3.0)
Shanghai, China
This image is attributed to Richard Aufreiter @ 2012 (CC BY-NC 3.0)

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Urban Form and Design - Course Review

  • 1. PLAN 4003: Urban Form & Design Week 14: COURSE REVIEW Anuradha Mukherji Assistant Professor of Urban and Regional Planning
  • 2. Piazza Del Campidoglio (Rome, Italy), Michelangelo, 1537, Italian Renaissance This image is attributed to Society of Architectural Historians @ 2011 (CC BY-NC 2.0)
  • 3. Piazza Del Campidoglio (Rome, Italy)/Capitoline Hill, Michelangelo, 1537, Italian Renaissance This image is attributed to Giulio Menna @ 2010 (CC BY-ND 2.0)
  • 4. Haussmannization of Paris (Transformation of a Medieval City) This image is attributed to Mark Jaroski @ 2004 (CC BY-SA 2.5)
  • 5. Haussmannization of Paris (Transformation of a Medieval City) This image is attributed to John McNab @ 2010 (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
  • 6. Haussmannization of Paris (Transformation of a Medieval City)
  • 7. Haussmannization of Paris (Transformation of a Medieval City)
  • 8. Ohio Works of the Carnegie Steel Co., Youngstown, Ohio, 1910 These images are attributed to Haines Photo Co. @ 1919 (PD-US-1923) and Seattle Engineering Co. (PD-US-1923) Seattle Railroad, 1900
  • 9. Urban Tenements This image is in the public domain (PD-US-1923)
  • 10. This image is attributed to Public Domain (PD-US-1923) Frederick Law Olmstead, 1895 Portrait by John Singer Sargent (1856-1925) URBAN PARKS MOVEMENT - Urban parks formalized as public space or recreational area - Response to worsening urban conditions - Links with public health - Aligned with democratic ideals, open to all - Parks for the public - Move away from formalized, rationalized geometric designs, more organic instead - Parks as the ‘lungs of the city’, bringing clean air and sunlight into dirty grimy industrial city - Parks provided recreational opportunities and an ‘outlet’ for the stresses of city life
  • 11. Central Park, New York City (Designed by Frederick Law Olmstead & Calvert Vaux, 1858, 843 acre)
  • 12. Garden City – Self sufficient unit This image is attributed to Public Domain (PD-US-1923) IDEA OF THE GARDEN CITY - Ebenezer Howard – Town-Country Magnet - Overcrowding an urban ill - Cities attractive due to higher wages and social opportunities, recreation - Hardship in cities – high rents, prices, long work hours, commuting distance, isolation and alienation, health hazards - Rural life beautiful - offers land, fresh air, water, sunshine - Rural less compelling – dull and lack of economic opportunities - Combining features of urban and country life to achieve balanced lifestyles and best of both - Self contained garden cities of 30,000 people around a larger central city - Cities with higher wages, regular jobs and healthier environments
  • 13. Ebenezer Howard’s Garden City (Reorganization of the City) This image is attributed to Public Domain (PD-US-1923) GARDEN CITY MOVEMENT - Elements – zoning and greenbelts - Zoning – division of land for different uses - Green belts – ‘buffer’ zones between distinct land uses - Housing and community facilities away from factory and manufacturing areas
  • 14. Letchworth Garden City, Hertfordshire, Great Britain This image is attributed to Public Domain (PD-US-1923)
  • 15. CORBUSIER’S IDEAS - Modern city functions along straight lines – sewers, tunnels, highways, traffic circulation - Divided into grid system, no need for curves - Stress on functionality, no artistic tradition - Bare, efficient, functional – main purpose of carrying traffic, gas, water, electric lines - No discussion of street as a public space – crooked streets as pack donkey’s way
  • 16. This image is attributed to United States Geological Survey Pruitt-Igoe Public Housing Complex, St. Louis, Missouri
  • 17. BRASILIA, Capital of Brazil This image is attributed to www.urbanity.es, Accessed February 2013
  • 18. BRASILIA This image is attributed to www.skyscraperlife.com, Accessed February 2013
  • 19. Central Monumental Axis, BRASILIA This image is attributed www.urbanity.es, Accessed February 2013
  • 20. CAMILLO SITTE’S IDEAS - Straight lines are unnatural, do not follow terrain - Need both art and function to make cities appealing - Lack of urban public space in cities - Isolated block of buildings, and no unifying factors, boring spaces
  • 21. Camillo Sitte, Study of Medieval Plazas This image is attributed to Public Domain (PD-US-1923)
  • 22. NEIGHBORHOOD UNIT – CLARENCE PERRY This image is attributed to New York Regional Survey @ 1929 - Growing congestion and traffic - New plans for regional expansion - Idea of a self contained neighborhood unit - Centered on school and community center - Bound by arterial roads - No vehicular traffic through neighborhood - Unit – school, residential, shops, parks - Codified by FHA into sub-division standards
  • 23. JANE JACOBS This image is attributed to www.thesocietypages.org, Accessed February 2013 1. Sidewalk & Safety - Eyes on the Street 1. Sidewalk & Public Life 1. Sidewalk & Child Rearing 1. Neighborhood Park 1. City Neighborhoods
  • 24. Greenwich Village, New York City This image is attributed to nydiscovery7 @ 2007 (CC BY-NC 2.0)
  • 25. North End, Boston This image is attributed to Mukherji @ 2013, All Rights Reserved
  • 26. Suburban Sprawl, Las Vegas This image is attributed to guidoanselmi @ 2010 (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0)
  • 27. Mixed Use Development, Greater London This image is attributed to Minerva Bloom @ 2009 (CC BY-NC 3.0)
  • 28. NEW URBANISM, Main Square, Seaside, Florida This image is attributed to Tim Cummins @ 2007 (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
  • 29. NEW URBANISM, Main Square, Seaside, Florida This image is attributed to UGArdener @ 2012 (CC BY-NC 2.0)
  • 30. NEW URBANISM, Street, Seaside, Florida This image is attributed to UGArdener @ 2012 (CC BY-NC 2.0)
  • 31. NEW URBANISM, Inner Street, Seaside, Florida This image is attributed to UGArdener @ 2012 (CC BY-NC 2.0)
  • 34. Wynantskill, New York This image is attributed to Matt Wade @ 2009 (CC BY-SA 3.0)
  • 35. Andover, Massachusetts This image is attributed to NNECAPA@ 2005 (CC 2.0)
  • 36. Greenville, North Carolina This image is attributed to Zach Frailey @ 2013 (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
  • 37. THIRD PLACE – English Pub
  • 38. THIRD PLACE – Bath House, China
  • 39. THIRD PLACE – Street side Bench, Italy
  • 40. Stroget (Largest Pedestrian Mall), Copenhagen, Denmark This image is attributed to Project for Public Spaces (www.pps.org)
  • 41. Plaza (Sitting), Seattle, Washington Photograph by Anuradha Mukherji @ 2013
  • 42. Union Square, San Francisco, California
  • 43. Rockfeller Center Office, New York City, New York This image is attributed to Project for Public Spaces (www.pps.org)
  • 44. Space Between Buildings, Seattle, Washington Photograph by Anuradha Mukherji @ 2013
  • 45. Complete Street (Downtown, Portland, Oregon) This image is attributed to Todd Mecklem @ 2011 (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
  • 46. Complete Street, East Boulevard, Charlotte, North Carolina This image is attributed to CompleteStreets @ 2010 (CC BY-NC 2.0)
  • 47. Automobile Parking, Wide Pedestrian Sidewalk & Sheltered Bike Parking (Hawthorne, Portland, Oregon) This image is attributed to Steven Vance @ 2010 (CC BY-NC-SA 2.0)
  • 48. Elevated Highways, Shanghai, China This image is attributed to Pyzhou @ 2008 (CC BY-SA 3.0)
  • 49. Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China This image is attributed to Richard Aufreiter @ 2012 (CC BY-NC 3.0)
  • 50. Shanghai, China This image is attributed to Richard Aufreiter @ 2012 (CC BY-NC 3.0)