Piet Mondrian was a Dutch painter born in 1872 who is considered one of the pioneers of 20th century abstract art. He began his career painting landscapes in a realistic style but over time developed his signature abstract geometric style using only the primary colors, black, white, and grey arranged in vertical and horizontal lines. This style, known as Neoplasticism, aimed to represent spiritual order and balance. Later in life, Mondrian moved to New York where the city's grid structure likely influenced his further simplified abstract compositions featuring blocks of primary colors divided by thick, black lines.