Piet Mondrian was a Dutch artist born in 1872 who developed an abstract style using primary colors, black lines, and rectangles and squares. This style began with realistic landscapes but evolved to only use basic geometric shapes separated by horizontal and vertical black lines. The document provides instructions for recreating Mondrian's abstract artwork using materials like colored paper, scissors, and glue to cut and arrange primary colored shapes within a grid defined by pencil lines traced in black.