The document discusses the distinction between prototypes and models, highlighting that prototypes are initial, untested versions of products designed to test functionality, while models are complete products used for performance evaluation. It also outlines a scenario involving a construction project facing workforce shortages, emphasizing the limited impact of hiring beyond a certain threshold. Additionally, it mentions the need to construct a linearized performance curve to analyze employee utility relative to construction progress.

1. Questions

3. A B C Sum/Win
Goals Cost Portability Convenience Score
A Cost *** 3+2+0+0=5 3+2+0+2=7 12
B Portability 0+0+3+2=5 *** 0+0+0+2=2 7
C Convenience 0+0+3+0=3 3+2+3+0=8 *** 11
Sum/Loose 8 13 9
A=12 B=7 C=11 7,11,12

4. Explain the difference between Prototype and
Model
Prototype:
• The first stage of implementation of a new product is called prototyping,
• It consists of building a prototype of the product-the first fully operational production of the
• Complete design solution.
• A prototype is not fully tested and may not work or operate as intended.
• The purpose of the prototype is to test the design solution under real conditions.
• Model:
A model but a full fledged product made as per the design.
However models are used in certain designs to understand the specific performance of that part
or product. (Aircraft, buildings, ships, rockets etc.)

9. Means /
Function
Designer 1 Designer 2 Designer 3
Steering Turning
wheels
Rails Air thrust
Stopping Reverse
Power
Brakes Blocks
under
Wheels
Friction
force
Moving Slide Wheels Track
Transmission Hydraulic Gears and
shafts
Flexible
cable
Lifting Screw Hydraulic arm Rack and
pinion
Power the fork
lift
D1
D2
D3

10. Means /
Function
Steering Turning
wheels
Air thrust 2 D1=48
Stopping Reverse
Power
Brakes Friction
force
3 D2=24
Moving Wheels 1
Transmis
sion
Hydraulic Gears and
shafts
Flexible
cable
2 2x2x1x
3x2=24
Lifting Hydraulic
arm
Rack and
pinion
2 2x3x1x
2x2=24
24

11. • A company signed a contract to build a new bridge. The company
found that at the time they start the construction phase they will
have shortage of work force (number of employees). According to
their plan hiring up to 100 employees the gain in covering the
shortage is too low and over certain short period of time having any
number over 1000 employees will have no significant effect on the
construction progress. Construct the linearized S-curve (performance
curve) specifying the utility (usefulness and or performance) versus
the number of employees. Show the useless gain and the saturated
gain regions and the zone of interest.

15. Weeks
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
J