This study investigated how colour and luminance interact in human visual perception of depth. Participants viewed stimuli consisting of combinations of chromatic and luminance gratings and adjusted the apparent depth. The results showed that chromatic gratings produced significantly greater perceived depth than achromatic gratings. Perceived depth was also greater for gratings that were out of phase compared to in phase, though the difference was not statistically significant. Perceived depth decreased with increasing spatial frequency and was not significantly different for drifting vs static images. The findings provide insights into how colour contributes to the human visual system's perception of depth and shape from shading.
Performance Comparison of Various Filters and Wavelet Transform for Image De-...IOSR Journals
This document compares different filtering and wavelet transform approaches for image de-noising. It adds three types of noise (Gaussian, salt and pepper, speckle) to an image and uses median, Wiener, Gaussian, average filters and wavelet transform to remove the noise. It evaluates the performance of each approach using peak signal-to-noise ratio and root mean square error. The results show that wavelet transform performs best for removing Gaussian and speckle noise, while median filtering works best for salt and pepper noise removal. Overall, wavelet transform is concluded to be very effective for de-noising all types of noise.
This document discusses image de-noising techniques for salt and pepper noise. It proposes a new robust mean filter method that aims to improve peak signal-to-noise ratio, visual perception, and reduce image blurring compared to other filters like standard median, decision based median, and modified decision based median filters. The proposed algorithm replaces noisy pixels with the trimmed mean value of neighboring pixels while preserving important image details. Experimental results on test images show the proposed method achieves better peak signal-to-noise ratio, mean square error, and mean absolute error values with better visual quality and human perception than other methods.
This document proposes a new method called the improved trimmed mean median filter for removing fixed valued impulse noise from gray scale images. The method uses a novel combination of mean, median, and trimmed values to eliminate salt and pepper noise while preserving image details like edges. The method is tested on images like Mandrill and Lena and is shown to outperform other filters like the standard median filter, decision based median filter, and modified decision based median filter in terms of peak signal to noise ratio and mean square error values, with better visual quality. The goal of the proposed method is to not only improve peak signal to noise ratio but also improve visual perception and reduce image blurring compared to other filters.
Preferred Skin Color Enhancement of Digital Photographic ImagesCSCJournals
Reproducing skin colors pleasingly is essential for photographic color reproduction. Moving skin colors toward their preferred skin color center improves the skin color preference. Two main factors to successfully enhance skin colors are: a method to detect skin colors effectively and a method to morph skin colors toward a preferred skin color region properly. This paper starts with introducing a method to enhance skin colors using a static skin color detection model. It significantly improves the color preference for skin colors that are not far off from regular skin tones. To enhance a greater range of skin tones effectively, another method that automatically adapts the skin color detection model to the skin tone of each individual image is proposed. It not only enhances skin colors effectively, but also adjusts the overall image colors to produce more accurate white balance on the image.
This document describes a new method for enhancing grayscale images corrupted by salt and pepper noise. The proposed improved mean filter method is compared to other filters like standard median filter, decision based median filter, and modified decision based median filter. The proposed method achieves better performance in terms of peak signal to noise ratio, image enhancement factor, and visual perception, especially for low density impulse noise. It works by replacing noisy pixels with the trimmed mean value of neighboring pixels, improving on previous methods. Experimental results on test grayscale images demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed filter.
IMPORTANCE OF IMAGE ENHANCEMENT TECHNIQUES IN COLOR IMAGE SEGMENTATION: A COM...Dibya Jyoti Bora
Color image segmentation is a very emerging research topic in the area of color image analysis and pattern recognition. Many state-of-the-art algorithms have been developed for this purpose. But, often the segmentation results of these algorithms seem to be suffering from miss-classifications and over-segmentation. The reasons behind these are the degradation of image quality during the acquisition, transmission and color space conversion. So, here arises the need of an efficient image enhancement technique which can remove the redundant pixels or noises from the color image before proceeding for final segmentation. In this paper, an effort has been made to study and analyze different image enhancement techniques and thereby finding out the better one for color image segmentation. Also, this comparative study is done on two well-known color spaces HSV and LAB separately to find out which color space supports segmentation task more efficiently with respect to those enhancement techniques.
F ACIAL E XPRESSION R ECOGNITION B ASED ON E DGE D ETECTIONIJCSES Journal
Relational Over the last two decades, the
advances in computer vision and pattern recognition power have
opened the door to new opportunity of automatic facial expression recognition system[1]. This paper
use
Canny edge detection method for facial expression recognition. Image color space transfor
mation in the
first place and then to identify and locate human face .Next pick up the edge of eyes and mouth's fe
atures
extraction. Last we judge the facial expressions after compared with the expressions we known in the
database. This proposed approach p
rovides full automatic solution of human expressions as well as
overcoming facial expressions variation and intensity problems.
The application of image enhancement in color and grayscale imagesNisar Ahmed Rana
This is the presentation which was presented at All Pakistan Technical Paper Competition Lahore under the title "The application of image enhancement in color and grayscale images"
Performance Comparison of Various Filters and Wavelet Transform for Image De-...IOSR Journals
This document compares different filtering and wavelet transform approaches for image de-noising. It adds three types of noise (Gaussian, salt and pepper, speckle) to an image and uses median, Wiener, Gaussian, average filters and wavelet transform to remove the noise. It evaluates the performance of each approach using peak signal-to-noise ratio and root mean square error. The results show that wavelet transform performs best for removing Gaussian and speckle noise, while median filtering works best for salt and pepper noise removal. Overall, wavelet transform is concluded to be very effective for de-noising all types of noise.
This document discusses image de-noising techniques for salt and pepper noise. It proposes a new robust mean filter method that aims to improve peak signal-to-noise ratio, visual perception, and reduce image blurring compared to other filters like standard median, decision based median, and modified decision based median filters. The proposed algorithm replaces noisy pixels with the trimmed mean value of neighboring pixels while preserving important image details. Experimental results on test images show the proposed method achieves better peak signal-to-noise ratio, mean square error, and mean absolute error values with better visual quality and human perception than other methods.
This document proposes a new method called the improved trimmed mean median filter for removing fixed valued impulse noise from gray scale images. The method uses a novel combination of mean, median, and trimmed values to eliminate salt and pepper noise while preserving image details like edges. The method is tested on images like Mandrill and Lena and is shown to outperform other filters like the standard median filter, decision based median filter, and modified decision based median filter in terms of peak signal to noise ratio and mean square error values, with better visual quality. The goal of the proposed method is to not only improve peak signal to noise ratio but also improve visual perception and reduce image blurring compared to other filters.
Preferred Skin Color Enhancement of Digital Photographic ImagesCSCJournals
Reproducing skin colors pleasingly is essential for photographic color reproduction. Moving skin colors toward their preferred skin color center improves the skin color preference. Two main factors to successfully enhance skin colors are: a method to detect skin colors effectively and a method to morph skin colors toward a preferred skin color region properly. This paper starts with introducing a method to enhance skin colors using a static skin color detection model. It significantly improves the color preference for skin colors that are not far off from regular skin tones. To enhance a greater range of skin tones effectively, another method that automatically adapts the skin color detection model to the skin tone of each individual image is proposed. It not only enhances skin colors effectively, but also adjusts the overall image colors to produce more accurate white balance on the image.
This document describes a new method for enhancing grayscale images corrupted by salt and pepper noise. The proposed improved mean filter method is compared to other filters like standard median filter, decision based median filter, and modified decision based median filter. The proposed method achieves better performance in terms of peak signal to noise ratio, image enhancement factor, and visual perception, especially for low density impulse noise. It works by replacing noisy pixels with the trimmed mean value of neighboring pixels, improving on previous methods. Experimental results on test grayscale images demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed filter.
IMPORTANCE OF IMAGE ENHANCEMENT TECHNIQUES IN COLOR IMAGE SEGMENTATION: A COM...Dibya Jyoti Bora
Color image segmentation is a very emerging research topic in the area of color image analysis and pattern recognition. Many state-of-the-art algorithms have been developed for this purpose. But, often the segmentation results of these algorithms seem to be suffering from miss-classifications and over-segmentation. The reasons behind these are the degradation of image quality during the acquisition, transmission and color space conversion. So, here arises the need of an efficient image enhancement technique which can remove the redundant pixels or noises from the color image before proceeding for final segmentation. In this paper, an effort has been made to study and analyze different image enhancement techniques and thereby finding out the better one for color image segmentation. Also, this comparative study is done on two well-known color spaces HSV and LAB separately to find out which color space supports segmentation task more efficiently with respect to those enhancement techniques.
F ACIAL E XPRESSION R ECOGNITION B ASED ON E DGE D ETECTIONIJCSES Journal
Relational Over the last two decades, the
advances in computer vision and pattern recognition power have
opened the door to new opportunity of automatic facial expression recognition system[1]. This paper
use
Canny edge detection method for facial expression recognition. Image color space transfor
mation in the
first place and then to identify and locate human face .Next pick up the edge of eyes and mouth's fe
atures
extraction. Last we judge the facial expressions after compared with the expressions we known in the
database. This proposed approach p
rovides full automatic solution of human expressions as well as
overcoming facial expressions variation and intensity problems.
The application of image enhancement in color and grayscale imagesNisar Ahmed Rana
This is the presentation which was presented at All Pakistan Technical Paper Competition Lahore under the title "The application of image enhancement in color and grayscale images"
Mehdi Rezagholizadeh: Image Sensor Modeling: Color Measurement at Low Light L...knowdiff
Ph.D. Candidate, Electrical and Computer Engineering,
Center for Intelligent Machines (CIM)
McGill University
(1) Time: Wednesday, Dec. 17th, 12:30-14:30 pm
(1) Location: faculty’s conference room, Isfahan University of Technology
(2) Time: Tuesday, Dec. 9th, 12:30-14:00pm
(2) Location: Room 212, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering of University of Tehran
Abstract:
Investigating low light imaging is of high importance in the field of color science from different perspectives. One of the most important challenges arises at low light levels is the issue of noise, or more generally speaking, low signal to noise ratio. In the present work, effects of different image sensor noises such as: photon noise, dark current noise, read noise, and quantization error are investigated on low light color measurements. In this regard, a typical image sensor is modeled and employed for this study. A detailed model of noise is considered in the process of implementing the image sensor model to guarantee the precision of the results. Several experiments have been performed over the implemented framework and the results show that: first, photon noise, read noise, and quantization error lead to uncertain measurements distributed around the noise free measurements and these noisy samples form an elliptical shape in the chromaticity diagram; second, even for an ideal image sensor, in very dark situations, stable measuring of color is impossible due to the physical limitation imposed by the fluctuations in photon emission rate; third, dark current noise reveals dynamic effects on color measurements by shifting their chromaticities towards the chromaticity of the camera black point; fourth, dark current dominates the other sensor noise types in the image sensor in terms of affecting measurements. Moreover, an SNR sensitivity analysis against the noise parameters is presented over different light intensities.
This document presents an algorithm for detecting nudity in images. It constructs a skin color distribution model based on RGB, normalized RGB, and HSV color spaces using correlation and linear regression. The skin color model is used to identify skin regions in an image, which are then analyzed for clues like size and distance to determine if the image is nude or not nude. The algorithm achieves 96.29% recall for skin pixel detection and 94.77% recall for nudity detection with low false positive rates.
This document summarizes a 3-step method for segmenting skin lesions in images:
1. Preprocess by converting the color image to an intensity image, enhancing boundaries while suppressing internal details.
2. Segment the image by thresholding intensities, finding approximate lesion boundaries.
3. Refine the boundaries using edge information, initializing a curve at the boundary and fitting it to nearby edges.
This document discusses different morphological image processing techniques including dilation, erosion, opening, closing, and top-hat transformation. It provides examples of applying these techniques to grayscale images with different structuring element radii. The document indicates that the student's implementations of top-hat transformation with radii of 2 and 10 were unsuccessful at enhancing light objects, likely due to errors in the program, as the results had inconsistent features and it is unclear what happened with the larger radius. Figures are included showing the Guide User Interface results for comparison.
Digital radiographic image enhancement for improved visualizationNisar Ahmed Rana
The document discusses digital image enhancement techniques for radiographic images. It analyzes contrast enhancement using histogram equalization methods like linear stretching, HE, CLAHE, and BPHE. It finds BPHE produces the best results while preserving brightness. For noise removal, median, sigma, and Wiener filters are examined, with sigma filter handling CT and MRI images well. Image sharpening is also covered. The work could be extended through improved noise removal and level correction combining segmentation.
Region of interest and color moment method for freshwater fish identificationTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
One of the important features in content based image retrieval is color feature. The color feature is the most widely used visual features. Extracting feature image depends on the problem to identify the region or object of interest that is complex in content. This paper presents a methodology to recognize certain freshwater images using region of interest and color feature. In this work, we have considered 7 varieties of freshwater fish, Gourami, Mas/Common carper, Mas Orange, Mas Kancra, Mujair/Java Tilapia, Nila/Nile Tilapia, and Patin. Each variety consists of 20 images. We deployed Color Moment Feature after Region of Interest process to extract the feature. Euclid is used for recognition. Considering only a feature, the classification accuracy of 89% is obtained using color moment. The research technique shows promise for eventually being able to do so, and for the future will help to get important information from the image.
This document provides an overview of image enhancement techniques. It discusses the objectives of image enhancement, which is to process an image to make it more suitable for a specific application or task. The document focuses on spatial domain techniques for image enhancement, specifically point processing methods and histogram processing. It categorizes image enhancement methods into two broad categories: spatial domain methods, which directly manipulate pixel values; and frequency domain methods, which first convert the image into the frequency domain before performing enhancements.
OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF DENTAL MATERIALS AND SHADE SELECTIONHri M
This presentation describes the optical properties of dental materials, the different types of colour models, how colour is produced, dimensions of colour, problems in colour perception, shade guides available in markets and rules in shade selection
IMAGE INTERPRETATION TECHNIQUES of surveyKaran Patel
Image interpretation is the process of examining an aerial photo or digital remote sensing image and manually identifying the features in that image. This method can be highly reliable and a wide variety of features can be identified, such as riparian vegetation type and condition, and anthropogenic features
This experiment investigated how the distance between three spaghetti noodles affects the mass needed to break them. Spaghetti noodles were placed at distances of 0cm, 1cm, 2cm, 3cm, and 4cm from each other and masses of 10g were added until the noodles broke. The results showed that as the distance between noodles increased, the mass required to break them decreased, supporting the hypothesis. Plotting the inverse of the mass against distance produced a linear relationship that could be described by an equation. The slope of the line was determined to be 0.09g-1m-1 ± 0.02g-1m-1, indicating that the mass needed to break the noodles decreases linearly as the distance between them
Chicago style referencing from assignmentsupport.com essay writing services https://writeessayuk.com/
The document provides examples of citations in Chicago Manual of Style notes and bibliography format. It summarizes that there are two main Chicago citation styles - notes and bibliography style preferred in humanities and author-date style used in sciences. Notes and bibliography presents citations as footnotes/endnotes and usually a bibliography. Author-date uses brief parenthetical citations linked to a references list. The document gives many examples of how to cite different source types like books, articles, websites in both styles.
Strategic audit report essay sample from assignmentsupport.com essay writing...https://writeessayuk.com/
The document provides an audit report for Bright House, which sells furniture, electronics, and appliances. It identifies six key areas of audit risk: 1) complex transactions, 2) cash accounts, 3) equipment accounts, 4) supplies accounts, 5) accounts receivable, and 6) accounts payable. The report explains why each area was selected, noting they involve external parties, large financial transactions, or opportunities for misstatement. It then recommends substantive audit tests for each area to address weak internal controls, such as reviewing all transactions, surveying funds usage, and using external committees to evaluate mergers.
The document outlines various objects the author plans to design, including a BlackBerry, spoon, PS Vita, can, HD TV, and lamp. For each object, the author describes how they will add reflective materials and textures. They also provide time estimates for modeling and texturing each object, with the most complex objects like the BlackBerry and PS Vita taking the most time. The author proposes an animation of the electronic devices making music until the power goes out, and includes timelines for the animation and rendering. Guidelines are provided around using copyrighted images and checking permissions for imported objects.
Critical review writing_help essay sample from assignmentsupport.com essay wr...https://writeessayuk.com/
This document provides guidance on writing a critical review. A critical review involves summarizing a text and evaluating it based on various criteria. The summary describes the topic, main questions, arguments, evidence, and conclusions. The evaluation assesses the text's relevance, usefulness, support for arguments, and whether conclusions are final using discipline-appropriate criteria. The review should be organized with an introduction, body separating summary and evaluation, and optional conclusion restating the overall assessment.
This document provides guidance on creating an excellent Internal Assessment (IA) for the IB Physics course. The IA involves a 10-hour scientific investigation and 6-12 page write-up. It counts for 20% of the overall IB grade. Acceptable formats include hands-on labs, spreadsheet analysis, database extraction, or simulations. The IA is evaluated based on personal engagement, exploration, analysis, evaluation, and communication. Sample investigation topics are provided such as studying the effect of string tension on fundamental frequency or sugar concentration on refractive index. Students are instructed to submit their sample IA in two weeks.
This document provides guidelines and templates for designing an experiment for an IB Extended Essay in Sciences. It instructs students to state a clear research question and hypothesis, define the independent and dependent variables, control for confounding variables, develop a method for collecting sufficient and relevant data, and process the data for analysis. Tables are provided to help students document the independent variable levels, dependent variable measurements, and controlled variables for their experimental design.
Marketing planning essay sample from assignmentsupport.com essay writing serv...https://writeessayuk.com/
This marketing plan summary provides an overview of Clayton's, a profitable supermarket in Yorkshire, and their plans to open a new mega-supermarket. Clayton's currently profits £750,000 annually from their 40,000 loyal customers in Yorkshire. However, they face competition from Tesco. The marketing consultant conducted a situation analysis using PESTLE and Porter's Five Forces models. They identified key barriers like objective/strategy confusion due to differing cultures and customer expectations. Their recommendations include opening a small store first to understand customer needs, lowering prices for higher volume/profits, and using digital marketing. The strategic planning process will focus on the SWOT analysis and meeting corporate objectives. The marketing mix of product, price, place
Report format template sample from assignmentsupport.com essay writing services https://writeessayuk.com/
The document provides guidelines for submitting the final report for an EE 402 course, including:
- Reports must be submitted electronically in Microsoft Word or PDF/HTML format.
- The report should include sections on the problem, background, objectives, design approach, design documentation, test plan and results.
- The report must follow specific formatting guidelines for style, layout, headings, tables, figures, and references.
- Permission is required to use copyrighted materials from other sources.
This lab report summarizes an experiment on osmosis in potato cells. Potato slices were placed in distilled water, tap water, and a salty solution to test how cell mass changes with solution concentration. The slice in salty water lost 9.09% mass, while slices in distilled and tap water gained 54.4% and 17% mass respectively, showing that water moves from lower to higher solute areas. However, limitations include a lack of control and uneven potato sizes. The conclusions are that solution concentration affects water movement through cell membranes, but the missing control prevents validating the initial hypothesis.
Hayley Morris reflects on her role in creating a short horror film for her AS film course. She was responsible for cinematography and mise-en-scene. For cinematography, she used a handheld camera to help viewers empathize with the killers and a tripod for other shots. For mise-en-scene, she created a pin board with clues about the killer's victims and manipulated lighting and location to create an unsettling atmosphere. The small, dark room location emphasized the victim's helplessness and discomfort for the audience. Overall, Hayley feels the film was successful in achieving its goal of an unsettling thriller and that she contributed significantly to the project.
This physics lab experiment was designed to verify Galileo's theory of conservation of energy by measuring the potential and kinetic energy of a falling tennis ball. The ball was dropped from various heights and its time of fall was recorded. Calculations showed the potential energy was about 3 times greater than the kinetic energy, failing to prove conservation of energy. Sources of error included air resistance, imprecise timing of when the ball hit the ground, and too few trials. Improving the experiment could help address these issues and better test the hypothesis.
This document is a reflective report by Matthew Richardson about participating in the BUS3034 management practice business game module. Some key points:
- Richardson found the module appealing because it provided a practical, hands-on approach to learning about business management through direct decision-making and observing outcomes, unlike his more theoretical economics studies.
- He enjoyed the opportunity to work in a group, develop important skills like communication, and participate in a simulated shareholder meeting.
- A Belbin team roles test found Richardson's role was more of a "team worker" who helps lighten tensions, though he saw himself as more of a leader. He found this assessment accurate based on the group dynamics.
- The group
Mehdi Rezagholizadeh: Image Sensor Modeling: Color Measurement at Low Light L...knowdiff
Ph.D. Candidate, Electrical and Computer Engineering,
Center for Intelligent Machines (CIM)
McGill University
(1) Time: Wednesday, Dec. 17th, 12:30-14:30 pm
(1) Location: faculty’s conference room, Isfahan University of Technology
(2) Time: Tuesday, Dec. 9th, 12:30-14:00pm
(2) Location: Room 212, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering of University of Tehran
Abstract:
Investigating low light imaging is of high importance in the field of color science from different perspectives. One of the most important challenges arises at low light levels is the issue of noise, or more generally speaking, low signal to noise ratio. In the present work, effects of different image sensor noises such as: photon noise, dark current noise, read noise, and quantization error are investigated on low light color measurements. In this regard, a typical image sensor is modeled and employed for this study. A detailed model of noise is considered in the process of implementing the image sensor model to guarantee the precision of the results. Several experiments have been performed over the implemented framework and the results show that: first, photon noise, read noise, and quantization error lead to uncertain measurements distributed around the noise free measurements and these noisy samples form an elliptical shape in the chromaticity diagram; second, even for an ideal image sensor, in very dark situations, stable measuring of color is impossible due to the physical limitation imposed by the fluctuations in photon emission rate; third, dark current noise reveals dynamic effects on color measurements by shifting their chromaticities towards the chromaticity of the camera black point; fourth, dark current dominates the other sensor noise types in the image sensor in terms of affecting measurements. Moreover, an SNR sensitivity analysis against the noise parameters is presented over different light intensities.
This document presents an algorithm for detecting nudity in images. It constructs a skin color distribution model based on RGB, normalized RGB, and HSV color spaces using correlation and linear regression. The skin color model is used to identify skin regions in an image, which are then analyzed for clues like size and distance to determine if the image is nude or not nude. The algorithm achieves 96.29% recall for skin pixel detection and 94.77% recall for nudity detection with low false positive rates.
This document summarizes a 3-step method for segmenting skin lesions in images:
1. Preprocess by converting the color image to an intensity image, enhancing boundaries while suppressing internal details.
2. Segment the image by thresholding intensities, finding approximate lesion boundaries.
3. Refine the boundaries using edge information, initializing a curve at the boundary and fitting it to nearby edges.
This document discusses different morphological image processing techniques including dilation, erosion, opening, closing, and top-hat transformation. It provides examples of applying these techniques to grayscale images with different structuring element radii. The document indicates that the student's implementations of top-hat transformation with radii of 2 and 10 were unsuccessful at enhancing light objects, likely due to errors in the program, as the results had inconsistent features and it is unclear what happened with the larger radius. Figures are included showing the Guide User Interface results for comparison.
Digital radiographic image enhancement for improved visualizationNisar Ahmed Rana
The document discusses digital image enhancement techniques for radiographic images. It analyzes contrast enhancement using histogram equalization methods like linear stretching, HE, CLAHE, and BPHE. It finds BPHE produces the best results while preserving brightness. For noise removal, median, sigma, and Wiener filters are examined, with sigma filter handling CT and MRI images well. Image sharpening is also covered. The work could be extended through improved noise removal and level correction combining segmentation.
Region of interest and color moment method for freshwater fish identificationTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
One of the important features in content based image retrieval is color feature. The color feature is the most widely used visual features. Extracting feature image depends on the problem to identify the region or object of interest that is complex in content. This paper presents a methodology to recognize certain freshwater images using region of interest and color feature. In this work, we have considered 7 varieties of freshwater fish, Gourami, Mas/Common carper, Mas Orange, Mas Kancra, Mujair/Java Tilapia, Nila/Nile Tilapia, and Patin. Each variety consists of 20 images. We deployed Color Moment Feature after Region of Interest process to extract the feature. Euclid is used for recognition. Considering only a feature, the classification accuracy of 89% is obtained using color moment. The research technique shows promise for eventually being able to do so, and for the future will help to get important information from the image.
This document provides an overview of image enhancement techniques. It discusses the objectives of image enhancement, which is to process an image to make it more suitable for a specific application or task. The document focuses on spatial domain techniques for image enhancement, specifically point processing methods and histogram processing. It categorizes image enhancement methods into two broad categories: spatial domain methods, which directly manipulate pixel values; and frequency domain methods, which first convert the image into the frequency domain before performing enhancements.
OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF DENTAL MATERIALS AND SHADE SELECTIONHri M
This presentation describes the optical properties of dental materials, the different types of colour models, how colour is produced, dimensions of colour, problems in colour perception, shade guides available in markets and rules in shade selection
IMAGE INTERPRETATION TECHNIQUES of surveyKaran Patel
Image interpretation is the process of examining an aerial photo or digital remote sensing image and manually identifying the features in that image. This method can be highly reliable and a wide variety of features can be identified, such as riparian vegetation type and condition, and anthropogenic features
This experiment investigated how the distance between three spaghetti noodles affects the mass needed to break them. Spaghetti noodles were placed at distances of 0cm, 1cm, 2cm, 3cm, and 4cm from each other and masses of 10g were added until the noodles broke. The results showed that as the distance between noodles increased, the mass required to break them decreased, supporting the hypothesis. Plotting the inverse of the mass against distance produced a linear relationship that could be described by an equation. The slope of the line was determined to be 0.09g-1m-1 ± 0.02g-1m-1, indicating that the mass needed to break the noodles decreases linearly as the distance between them
Chicago style referencing from assignmentsupport.com essay writing services https://writeessayuk.com/
The document provides examples of citations in Chicago Manual of Style notes and bibliography format. It summarizes that there are two main Chicago citation styles - notes and bibliography style preferred in humanities and author-date style used in sciences. Notes and bibliography presents citations as footnotes/endnotes and usually a bibliography. Author-date uses brief parenthetical citations linked to a references list. The document gives many examples of how to cite different source types like books, articles, websites in both styles.
Strategic audit report essay sample from assignmentsupport.com essay writing...https://writeessayuk.com/
The document provides an audit report for Bright House, which sells furniture, electronics, and appliances. It identifies six key areas of audit risk: 1) complex transactions, 2) cash accounts, 3) equipment accounts, 4) supplies accounts, 5) accounts receivable, and 6) accounts payable. The report explains why each area was selected, noting they involve external parties, large financial transactions, or opportunities for misstatement. It then recommends substantive audit tests for each area to address weak internal controls, such as reviewing all transactions, surveying funds usage, and using external committees to evaluate mergers.
The document outlines various objects the author plans to design, including a BlackBerry, spoon, PS Vita, can, HD TV, and lamp. For each object, the author describes how they will add reflective materials and textures. They also provide time estimates for modeling and texturing each object, with the most complex objects like the BlackBerry and PS Vita taking the most time. The author proposes an animation of the electronic devices making music until the power goes out, and includes timelines for the animation and rendering. Guidelines are provided around using copyrighted images and checking permissions for imported objects.
Critical review writing_help essay sample from assignmentsupport.com essay wr...https://writeessayuk.com/
This document provides guidance on writing a critical review. A critical review involves summarizing a text and evaluating it based on various criteria. The summary describes the topic, main questions, arguments, evidence, and conclusions. The evaluation assesses the text's relevance, usefulness, support for arguments, and whether conclusions are final using discipline-appropriate criteria. The review should be organized with an introduction, body separating summary and evaluation, and optional conclusion restating the overall assessment.
This document provides guidance on creating an excellent Internal Assessment (IA) for the IB Physics course. The IA involves a 10-hour scientific investigation and 6-12 page write-up. It counts for 20% of the overall IB grade. Acceptable formats include hands-on labs, spreadsheet analysis, database extraction, or simulations. The IA is evaluated based on personal engagement, exploration, analysis, evaluation, and communication. Sample investigation topics are provided such as studying the effect of string tension on fundamental frequency or sugar concentration on refractive index. Students are instructed to submit their sample IA in two weeks.
This document provides guidelines and templates for designing an experiment for an IB Extended Essay in Sciences. It instructs students to state a clear research question and hypothesis, define the independent and dependent variables, control for confounding variables, develop a method for collecting sufficient and relevant data, and process the data for analysis. Tables are provided to help students document the independent variable levels, dependent variable measurements, and controlled variables for their experimental design.
Marketing planning essay sample from assignmentsupport.com essay writing serv...https://writeessayuk.com/
This marketing plan summary provides an overview of Clayton's, a profitable supermarket in Yorkshire, and their plans to open a new mega-supermarket. Clayton's currently profits £750,000 annually from their 40,000 loyal customers in Yorkshire. However, they face competition from Tesco. The marketing consultant conducted a situation analysis using PESTLE and Porter's Five Forces models. They identified key barriers like objective/strategy confusion due to differing cultures and customer expectations. Their recommendations include opening a small store first to understand customer needs, lowering prices for higher volume/profits, and using digital marketing. The strategic planning process will focus on the SWOT analysis and meeting corporate objectives. The marketing mix of product, price, place
Report format template sample from assignmentsupport.com essay writing services https://writeessayuk.com/
The document provides guidelines for submitting the final report for an EE 402 course, including:
- Reports must be submitted electronically in Microsoft Word or PDF/HTML format.
- The report should include sections on the problem, background, objectives, design approach, design documentation, test plan and results.
- The report must follow specific formatting guidelines for style, layout, headings, tables, figures, and references.
- Permission is required to use copyrighted materials from other sources.
This lab report summarizes an experiment on osmosis in potato cells. Potato slices were placed in distilled water, tap water, and a salty solution to test how cell mass changes with solution concentration. The slice in salty water lost 9.09% mass, while slices in distilled and tap water gained 54.4% and 17% mass respectively, showing that water moves from lower to higher solute areas. However, limitations include a lack of control and uneven potato sizes. The conclusions are that solution concentration affects water movement through cell membranes, but the missing control prevents validating the initial hypothesis.
Hayley Morris reflects on her role in creating a short horror film for her AS film course. She was responsible for cinematography and mise-en-scene. For cinematography, she used a handheld camera to help viewers empathize with the killers and a tripod for other shots. For mise-en-scene, she created a pin board with clues about the killer's victims and manipulated lighting and location to create an unsettling atmosphere. The small, dark room location emphasized the victim's helplessness and discomfort for the audience. Overall, Hayley feels the film was successful in achieving its goal of an unsettling thriller and that she contributed significantly to the project.
This physics lab experiment was designed to verify Galileo's theory of conservation of energy by measuring the potential and kinetic energy of a falling tennis ball. The ball was dropped from various heights and its time of fall was recorded. Calculations showed the potential energy was about 3 times greater than the kinetic energy, failing to prove conservation of energy. Sources of error included air resistance, imprecise timing of when the ball hit the ground, and too few trials. Improving the experiment could help address these issues and better test the hypothesis.
This document is a reflective report by Matthew Richardson about participating in the BUS3034 management practice business game module. Some key points:
- Richardson found the module appealing because it provided a practical, hands-on approach to learning about business management through direct decision-making and observing outcomes, unlike his more theoretical economics studies.
- He enjoyed the opportunity to work in a group, develop important skills like communication, and participate in a simulated shareholder meeting.
- A Belbin team roles test found Richardson's role was more of a "team worker" who helps lighten tensions, though he saw himself as more of a leader. He found this assessment accurate based on the group dynamics.
- The group
The group faced two main issues during their assignment. First, there was a lack of critical analysis during research due to dividing work and not commenting on each other's parts. They proposed adopting a facilitative leadership model to promote critical thinking. Second, decision making was unsystematic with interruptions, due to being overly polite. They proposed using brainstorming to systematically involve members and allow for constructive conflict. Overall, the experience highlighted the importance of systematic critical thinking and debate within groups to achieve quality work.
Reflective Essay on New Perspectives on LeadershipNicole
This document summarizes Nicole Ashe's reflective essay on her New Perspectives on Leadership course. The essay discusses several key concepts from the course, including storytelling, ethics, transformational and authentic leadership, followership, and art. Nicole found that storytelling, a focus on ethics, cultivating authenticity and trust with followers, and embracing creativity are hallmarks of effective leadership. She plans to incorporate these ideas, like using storytelling to communicate messages and sharing stories to build understanding, into her own leadership approach.
Andrew Kepley chose three academic accomplishments from his time in high school to reflect on. The first was an algebra assignment on trigonometry that he got an A+ on, showing his strength in the subject important for his career interests. The second was a machine tech project creating an arbor press that demonstrated his improvement in the class. The third was winning first place in his state in a manual lathe skills competition as a junior, teaching him important lessons about time management and perseverance. Through these experiences, he has gained valuable math and machining skills that will benefit him, with the competition showing him what it takes to compete for jobs in the real world.
Reflective essay essay sample from assignmentsupport.com essay writing services https://writeessayuk.com/
The document is a reflection paper by a student on their experience participating in a group project as the team leader. Some key points:
- The student took an active role in coordinating the group by maintaining communication through various means and ensuring all members were on track. They helped the other members develop their own ideas.
- In a peer evaluation, the student received a score of 3.5/5 which was satisfactory but showed areas for improvement. They have learned to consider all aspects of a project, not just profits.
- Over 12 weeks the group worked closely together both in and out of class. The student improved at listening to others' opinions and considering different perspectives in decision making.
- Areas
1) The United States has experienced both successes and failures as it has constantly changed and evolved over time, similar to other great civilizations throughout history.
2) While the U.S. currently faces failures in its economy, education system, and prolonged wars, it has also had successes such as maintaining a stable democracy and becoming a military superpower.
3) The U.S. is evolving by addressing issues like climate change and improving technology, but increasing diversity has caused it to lose some of its unique identity.
This document discusses how colour perception can impact the interpretation of seismic data. It notes that human vision processes colour in complex ways, and colour maps used in seismic interpretation can influence interpreters through visual effects like luminance, false contours, chromostereopsis, and simultaneous contrast. An experiment found significant variability between interpreters in delineating a geobody using different colour maps, with differences up to 235% in measured area. The document emphasizes that interpreters should be aware of how colour perception can affect their interpretive decisions.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
This study examined the relationship between contrast discrimination performance and aesthetic preference for black and white photographs. In the study, researchers manipulated the contrast levels in photographs by Ansel Adams and had participants rate the aesthetic appeal of the manipulated photographs. The results showed:
1) Participants generally preferred photographs with contrast levels similar to the original photograph.
2) Aesthetic preference decreased systematically as contrast levels moved further from the original.
3) Preferences were consistent across different types of photographs (portraits, landscapes, architecture) and did not depend on the spatial configuration or conceptual content of the photographs.
4) The results matched previous findings that contrast discrimination performance is better for photographs compared to grayscales, and suggest a relationship between discrimination
Information Preserving Color Transformation for Protanopia and Deuteranopia (...Jia-Bin Huang
This document proposes a new method for recoloring images to make them more comprehensible for those with protanopia and deuteranopia, two types of color blindness. The method aims to preserve color information in the original images while maintaining natural-looking recolored images. It introduces two error functions to measure information preservation and naturalness, which are combined into an objective function using Lagrange multipliers. This function is minimized to obtain optimal color transformation settings. Experimental results show the method can generate more understandable images for those with color deficiencies while keeping recolored images natural-looking for those with normal vision.
Analysis of the Difference between the Normal Vision and the Experiencing Cat...IJERA Editor
The optical instruments design for binocular vision has become an earnest demand towards the arrival of an
ageing society. It is necessary to measure how color difference between left and right images by elderly people,
which the color rivalry occurs. In this study, we measured the limit of binocular color fusion in the normal vision
and the cataract experiencing vision which is aiming to simulate the elderly vision. The result shows that the
color fusion limit curve in cataract experiencing vision are very similar with those in normal vision. Compared
with the binocular color fusion limit in normal vision Δλdn, the binocular color fusion limit in cataract
experiencing vision Δλdc is approximately 3~39nm increased on the central vision, 4~22nm on the retinal
eccentricity of 3°, 5~23nm on the retinal eccentricity of 6°, and 5~24nm on the retinal eccentricity of 9°. The
results also reveal that a similar limit is observed in the range of 520~560nm in both normal and cataract
experiencing visions, which might give some potential evidences for designing 3D equipment. In addition, the
minimum value of the binocular color fusion limit exists at 590nm either in the normal vision or the cataract
experiencing vision during all retinal eccentricities.
Enhancing Color Representation for the Color Vision Impaired (CVAVI 2008)Jia-Bin Huang
This document proposes a fast re-coloring algorithm to improve image accessibility for those with color vision deficiencies. It discusses how color vision impairment affects one's ability to distinguish colors and reviews previous methods for enhancing color representation. The proposed method remaps hue values in the HSV color space based on local image statistics and enhances color contrast through histogram equalization, allowing users to specify the degree of enhancement.
Article The Effects of Color on the Moods of College drennanmicah
This article discusses a study that examined the psychological effects of different colors on the moods of college students. Researchers surveyed students about how various colors made them feel in different spaces of the student union building, which contains a variety of colors. The study found that different colors can impact moods and arousal levels in different ways. For example, warm colors like red tended to increase stimulation more than cool colors like blue. The researchers concluded that understanding how color impacts moods can help designers choose colors for spaces that match their intended purposes and better meet user needs.
Article The Effects of Color on the Moods of College .docxssusera34210
Article
The Effects of Color on the Moods
of College Students
Sevinc Kurt1 and Kelechi Kingsley Osueke2
Abstract
This research aims to discover the psychological effects of colors on individuals, using the students’ union complex in a
university campus. This building was chosen due to its richness in color variances. The research method is survey, and
questionnaires were drawn up and distributed to an even range of students, comprising both international and local
students; undergraduate and graduate. Questionnaires have been collected and analyzed to find out the effects different
colors had on students’ moods in different spaces of the students’ union complex. This research would contribute to
understand more about colors and how they affect our feelings and therefore to make better decisions and increase the
use of spaces when choosing colors for different spaces to suit the purpose for which they are designed.
Keywords
color, mood, architectural space
Introduction
We live in a world of color (Huchendorf, 2007, p. 1).
According to the various researches, the color that
surrounds us in our daily lives has a profound effect on our
mood and on our behavior (e.g., Babin, Hardesty, & Suter,
2003; Kwallek, Lewis, & Robbins, 1988; Kwallek,
Woodson, Lewis, & Sales, 1997; Rosenstein, 1985). In
clothing, interiors, landscape, and even natural light, a color
can change our mood from sad to happy, from confusion to
intelligence, from fear to confidence. It can actually be used
to “level out” emotions or to create different moods (Aves
& Aves, 1994, p. 120). The design of an environment
through a variety of means such as temperature, sounds,
layout, lighting, and colors can stimulate perceptual and
emotional responses in consumers and affect their behavior
(Kotler, 1973 in Yildirim, Akalinbaskaya, & Hidayetoglu,
2007, p. 3233). Therefore, it may follow that if we could
measure it, we may get a clue as to how our mood varies
when in any enclosed space. The ambiance of the interior
space affects the users’ behaviors and perception of that
place by influencing their emotional situation. In this
context, it is believed that the various physical components
including light and color have a great importance on the
environmental characteristics of space, especially in public
use like students’ union centers.
Hence, using the appropriate color in design is important
in such buildings. It is also significant to draw cognitive
map and way finding in interiors. Environmental
interventions that promote way finding can be implemented
on two levels: the design of the floor plan typology and
environmental cues, which comprise signage, furnishings,
lighting, colors, and so on. Vivid color coding may enhance
short-term memory and improve functional ability (Cernin,
Keller, & Stoner, 2003). So the use of color is one of the
crucial elements in designing the appropriate circulation of
public interiors. Furtherm.
Article The Effects of Color on the Moods of College .docxrossskuddershamus
Article
The Effects of Color on the Moods
of College Students
Sevinc Kurt1 and Kelechi Kingsley Osueke2
Abstract
This research aims to discover the psychological effects of colors on individuals, using the students’ union complex in a
university campus. This building was chosen due to its richness in color variances. The research method is survey, and
questionnaires were drawn up and distributed to an even range of students, comprising both international and local
students; undergraduate and graduate. Questionnaires have been collected and analyzed to find out the effects different
colors had on students’ moods in different spaces of the students’ union complex. This research would contribute to
understand more about colors and how they affect our feelings and therefore to make better decisions and increase the
use of spaces when choosing colors for different spaces to suit the purpose for which they are designed.
Keywords
color, mood, architectural space
Introduction
We live in a world of color (Huchendorf, 2007, p. 1).
According to the various researches, the color that
surrounds us in our daily lives has a profound effect on our
mood and on our behavior (e.g., Babin, Hardesty, & Suter,
2003; Kwallek, Lewis, & Robbins, 1988; Kwallek,
Woodson, Lewis, & Sales, 1997; Rosenstein, 1985). In
clothing, interiors, landscape, and even natural light, a color
can change our mood from sad to happy, from confusion to
intelligence, from fear to confidence. It can actually be used
to “level out” emotions or to create different moods (Aves
& Aves, 1994, p. 120). The design of an environment
through a variety of means such as temperature, sounds,
layout, lighting, and colors can stimulate perceptual and
emotional responses in consumers and affect their behavior
(Kotler, 1973 in Yildirim, Akalinbaskaya, & Hidayetoglu,
2007, p. 3233). Therefore, it may follow that if we could
measure it, we may get a clue as to how our mood varies
when in any enclosed space. The ambiance of the interior
space affects the users’ behaviors and perception of that
place by influencing their emotional situation. In this
context, it is believed that the various physical components
including light and color have a great importance on the
environmental characteristics of space, especially in public
use like students’ union centers.
Hence, using the appropriate color in design is important
in such buildings. It is also significant to draw cognitive
map and way finding in interiors. Environmental
interventions that promote way finding can be implemented
on two levels: the design of the floor plan typology and
environmental cues, which comprise signage, furnishings,
lighting, colors, and so on. Vivid color coding may enhance
short-term memory and improve functional ability (Cernin,
Keller, & Stoner, 2003). So the use of color is one of the
crucial elements in designing the appropriate circulation of
public interiors. Furtherm.
COLOUR IMAGE REPRESENTION OF MULTISPECTRAL IMAGE FUSION acijjournal
This document summarizes a research paper on using the Cholesky decomposition technique to fuse multispectral images and represent them as a color image. It discusses how multispectral image fusion works by combining images from different spectral bands. It then describes the VTVA (Vector valued Total Variation Algorithm) technique in detail, which uses the covariance matrix and Cholesky decomposition to control the correlation between color components in the fused image. This technique is compared to principal component analysis. The document provides background on RGB color space, color perception, and Cholesky decomposition before outlining the specific steps of the VTVA algorithm.
COLOUR IMAGE REPRESENTION OF MULTISPECTRAL IMAGE FUSIONacijjournal
The availability of imaging sensors operating in multiple spectral bands has led to the requirement of
image fusion algorithms that would combine the image from these sensors in an efficient way to give an
image that is more perceptible to human eye. Multispectral Image fusion is the process of combining
images optically acquired in more than one spectral band. In this paper, we present a pixel-level image
fusion that combines four images from four different spectral bands namely near infrared(0.76-0.90um),
mid infrared(1.55-1.75um),thermal- infrared(10.4-12.5um) and mid infrared(2.08-2.35um) to give a
composite colour image. The work coalesces a fusion technique that involves linear transformation based
on Cholesky decomposition of the covariance matrix of source data that converts multispectral source
images which are in grayscale into colour image. This work is composed of different segments that
includes estimation of covariance matrix of images, cholesky decomposition and transformation ones.
Finally, the fused colour image is compared with the fused image obtained by PCA transformation.
This document discusses a study that examined how contrast is perceived differently in grayscale images versus photographs. The study compared people's ability to discriminate contrast increments applied to tonal regions in grayscale scales and categories of black and white nature photographs. Previous research on lightness perception was discussed, showing it involves both low-level and high-level processing. The study aimed to understand the roles of local and global elements in lightness perception and object recognition of meaningful images. Ansel Adams photographs were used as stimuli since his zone system technique manipulated local contrasts to emphasize different regions. The results found differences in responses to contrast increments depending on the region, but no significant effect of photograph category.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Color vision physiology, defects and different testing ProceduresRaju Kaiti
Color vision Physiology, Different types of Color vision defects, different testing procedures, trichromatic theory, color opponent theory, inheritance of color vision defect, management of color vision defect
Color vision : Physiology ,Defects, Detection, Diagnosis & ManagementAayush Chandan
This document discusses clinical examination of color vision including a presentation outline covering introduction to color vision, physiology of color vision, theories of color vision, after images, color vision defects, inheritance of color vision, and color vision tests. It provides details on the trichromatic theory, opponent color theory, physiology of the eye and brain in perceiving color, types of color vision defects, and color vision tests. The document seeks to provide an overview of color vision for clinical examination, diagnosis, and management of color vision defects.
This document outlines Julia Vallera's thesis concept exploring how people perceive color through their five senses. Her goal is to create interactive digital and physical installations where users learn about color perception. She plans to test prototypes like color tracking, relating musical notes to colors, and relating drink flavors to colors. The results will be compiled and displayed to compare individual and group perceptions of color. The installations will be housed in a mobile gallery to reach different audiences.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
GATF An Introduction to Appearance AnalysisRichard Harold
The document discusses the appearance of products and how it is analyzed. It makes three key points:
1. A product's appearance is the result of complex interactions between light, the object's optical properties, and human perception. It is one of the most important commercial attributes as it determines a product's acceptability and sales.
2. A product's appearance can be analyzed by separating it into chromatic (color) and geometric (gloss, haze, texture) attributes and measuring how light interacts with the object using instruments like spectrophotometers and goniophotometers.
3. Color is associated with the wavelengths of light, and the colors we see are due to an object's selective absorption of
Gatf an introduction to appearance analysisRichard Harold
The document discusses the analysis of product appearance. It states that a product's appearance is determined by the interaction of light with the product's physical characteristics and human perception. The document outlines several key aspects of appearance analysis, including:
1) Appearance attributes like color, gloss, texture are influenced by how light is reflected, transmitted, and absorbed by a product.
2) Instruments like spectrophotometers and goniophotometers can measure these optical properties and quantify appearance attributes.
3) Color is perceived based on the wavelengths of light reflected or transmitted by a product. Hue, saturation, and lightness are the three dimensions used to describe color.
This document discusses various elements of color including hue, value, pattern, and texture. It defines these terms and provides examples to illustrate key concepts. Hue refers to the pure spectrum colors, while value is the lightness or darkness of a color. Pattern is an underlying structure that organizes surfaces in a consistent manner, seen in both nature and design. Texture can be both a literal surface felt through touch and a surface suggested through vision by invoking the sense of touch.
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Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdfssuserfac0301
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
Fueling AI with Great Data with Airbyte WebinarZilliz
This talk will focus on how to collect data from a variety of sources, leveraging this data for RAG and other GenAI use cases, and finally charting your course to productionalization.
How information systems are built or acquired puts information, which is what they should be about, in a secondary place. Our language adapted accordingly, and we no longer talk about information systems but applications. Applications evolved in a way to break data into diverse fragments, tightly coupled with applications and expensive to integrate. The result is technical debt, which is re-paid by taking even bigger "loans", resulting in an ever-increasing technical debt. Software engineering and procurement practices work in sync with market forces to maintain this trend. This talk demonstrates how natural this situation is. The question is: can something be done to reverse the trend?
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024Hiroshi SHIBATA
I develop the Ruby programming language, RubyGems, and Bundler, which are package managers for Ruby. Today, I will introduce how to enhance the security of your application using open-source software (OSS) examples from Ruby and RubyGems.
The first topic is CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures). I have published CVEs many times. But what exactly is a CVE? I'll provide a basic understanding of CVEs and explain how to detect and handle vulnerabilities in OSS.
Next, let's discuss package managers. Package managers play a critical role in the OSS ecosystem. I'll explain how to manage library dependencies in your application.
I'll share insights into how the Ruby and RubyGems core team works to keep our ecosystem safe. By the end of this talk, you'll have a better understanding of how to safeguard your code.
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
- Reduzierung der Lizenzkosten durch Auffinden und Beheben von Fehlkonfigurationen und überflüssigen Konten
- Wie funktionieren CCB- und CCX-Lizenzen wirklich?
- Verstehen des DLAU-Tools und wie man es am besten nutzt
- Tipps für häufige Problembereiche, wie z. B. Team-Postfächer, Funktions-/Testbenutzer usw.
- Praxisbeispiele und Best Practices zum sofortigen Umsetzen
5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up SlidesDanBrown980551
5th Power Grid Model Meet-up
It is with great pleasure that we extend to you an invitation to the 5th Power Grid Model Meet-up, scheduled for 6th June 2024. This event will adopt a hybrid format, allowing participants to join us either through an online Mircosoft Teams session or in person at TU/e located at Den Dolech 2, Eindhoven, Netherlands. The meet-up will be hosted by Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), a research university specializing in engineering science & technology.
Power Grid Model
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Power Grid Model is an open source project from Linux Foundation Energy and provides a calculation engine that is increasingly essential for DSOs. It offers a standards-based foundation enabling real-time power systems analysis, simulations of electrical power grids, and sophisticated what-if analysis. In addition, it enables in-depth studies and analysis of the electrical power grid’s behavior and performance. This comprehensive model incorporates essential factors such as power generation capacity, electrical losses, voltage levels, power flows, and system stability.
Power Grid Model is currently being applied in a wide variety of use cases, including grid planning, expansion, reliability, and congestion studies. It can also help in analyzing the impact of renewable energy integration, assessing the effects of disturbances or faults, and developing strategies for grid control and optimization.
What to expect
For the upcoming meetup we are organizing, we have an exciting lineup of activities planned:
-Insightful presentations covering two practical applications of the Power Grid Model.
-An update on the latest advancements in Power Grid -Model technology during the first and second quarters of 2024.
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[OReilly Superstream] Occupy the Space: A grassroots guide to engineering (an...Jason Yip
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Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
Lambda, Elastic Beanstalk, Lightsail, Amplify, S3 (and more!) can each host websites + APIs. But which one should we choose?
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Join me in this session as we dive into each AWS hosting service to determine which one is best for your scenario and explain why!
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Ever-changing customer expectations demand more modern digital experiences, and the bank needed to find a solution that could provide real-time data to its customer channels with low latency and operating costs. Join this session to learn how Citizens is leveraging Precisely to replicate mainframe data to its customer channels and deliver on their “modern digital bank” experiences.
"Choosing proper type of scaling", Olena SyrotaFwdays
Imagine an IoT processing system that is already quite mature and production-ready and for which client coverage is growing and scaling and performance aspects are life and death questions. The system has Redis, MongoDB, and stream processing based on ksqldb. In this talk, firstly, we will analyze scaling approaches and then select the proper ones for our system.
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providersakankshawande
Simplify your search for a reliable Python development partner! This list presents the top 10 trusted US providers offering comprehensive Python development services, ensuring your project's success from conception to completion.
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/how-axelera-ai-uses-digital-compute-in-memory-to-deliver-fast-and-energy-efficient-computer-vision-a-presentation-from-axelera-ai/
Bram Verhoef, Head of Machine Learning at Axelera AI, presents the “How Axelera AI Uses Digital Compute-in-memory to Deliver Fast and Energy-efficient Computer Vision” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
As artificial intelligence inference transitions from cloud environments to edge locations, computer vision applications achieve heightened responsiveness, reliability and privacy. This migration, however, introduces the challenge of operating within the stringent confines of resource constraints typical at the edge, including small form factors, low energy budgets and diminished memory and computational capacities. Axelera AI addresses these challenges through an innovative approach of performing digital computations within memory itself. This technique facilitates the realization of high-performance, energy-efficient and cost-effective computer vision capabilities at the thin and thick edge, extending the frontier of what is achievable with current technologies.
In this presentation, Verhoef unveils his company’s pioneering chip technology and demonstrates its capacity to deliver exceptional frames-per-second performance across a range of standard computer vision networks typical of applications in security, surveillance and the industrial sector. This shows that advanced computer vision can be accessible and efficient, even at the very edge of our technological ecosystem.
“How Axelera AI Uses Digital Compute-in-memory to Deliver Fast and Energy-eff...
Physics lab report sample from assignmentsupport.com essay writing services
1. Colour causes a depth illusion in human visual perception
Abstract
UNING FUNCTIONS). REPLICATED. EXTENDED KINGDOM 2003.
SUCCESSFUL REPLICATION. FOUND THAT SOME THINGS CHANGED WITH
ORIENTATION / SF/ PHASE
Introduction
Scientists are interested in how colour sensitive and luminance sensitive mechanisms interact
when a subject is presented with stimuli that embody the particular relationships that exist
between colour and luminance in the human vision system.
Colours plays a highly crucial role in the vision characteristics of the human sight, because of
its immense sensitivity the subject holds great importance among vision scientists throughout
the globe (e.g. review by Regan, 2000). The main strategy to gain knowledge in this subject
matter is to study the performance, set against a certain criteria, using only iso-luminant
(single colour characteristics) and iso-chromatic (multiple colour characteristics) stimuli. The
In this study, we aim to study the colour and luminance characteristics of the human vision
with an attempt to establish a proper relationship between the colour, depth and luminance in
the human vision. Kingdom (2003) proposed that a significant amount of knowledge could be
gain by analysing the behaviour of colour and luminance in the human vision perception, and
how this phenomenon can emulate the spatio-temporal relationships between the colour and
luminance found in human vision. Kingdom et al (2005) attempted the first successful
approach to understand this subject and investigate the proper relationship in such
phenomenon. They studied that when a chromatic grating is added at a certain level to
luminance grating; one of them gains the impression of groovy structure, this process of
2. transference from colour to shape is called the Depth Enhancement. On the contrary, if
second grating of chromatic grating is further added to this process at a different level, the
impression of depth is either reduces or completely eliminated, and this process of
elimination or reduction is called Depth Suppression. These kinds of phenomena are
generally experienced in achromatic kinds of studies that are highly influenced by different
colour contrasts (Lehky & Sejnowski, 1988; Ramchandran, 1988; Attick et al., 1996; Sun &
Perona, 1997).
The depth enhancing processes, formation of a shape from shade due to the grating between
chromatic and luminance patterns proposed that natural human visual system has certain
inbuilt capabilities;
1. The main cause of variation in chromatic and luminance behaviour that are spatially
aligned against each other is due to the variation in surface reflectance.
2. The main cause of pure or impure variations in the luminance behaviour is due to the
non-uniform illumination, such as shading and shadows.
These physical relationships between the chromatic and luminance grating holds
dominant importance in the field of human vision and the scientist are contented upon
the agreement that such relationships give rise to acknowledge these in-built system in
the human vision (Rubin & Richards, 1982; Cavanagh, 1991; Mullen & Kingdom,
1991; Olmos & Kingdom, 2004) along with the colour shading affect which is quite
evident to appreciate that these are embedded into the human visionary configuration.
There are several other factors that may signal the perceptions of surface shapes. There is
interest in whether colour contrast on the perception of shapes influences the perceptions of
shading, such as texture; and whether the colour contrast influence the contribution of
shading to surface curvature when it is present alongside other cues. It is possible that the
influence of colour contrast on shape-from-shading is reduced, or even eliminated, when
3. surface information other than colour is present, because in such circumstances the surface
versus illumination interpretative role of colour contrast becomes redundant. The aim of this
study, as we have already mentioned, is to establish a relationship between the colour,
luminance and depth of human vision with a focus to investigate the influences of the colour
contrast on perceived shapes in pattern that produces shape from shading with shape from
texture. Mamassian and Landy (2001) also noticed that the orientation defined textures have
been shown to combine synergistically with shading to create strong impressions of depth.
Numerous questions have so far been aroused concerning the chromatic properties of the
colour shading. It is often bring into consideration to investigate that the combination of two
phenomena, depth enhancement or depth suppression, in colour directions is more important.
There is high possibility the colour shading effect is weaker when the directions of depth
enhancement and depth suppression phenomena is same, as in such phenomenon the human
vision system might bound together both colouring patterns into a single object, releasing the
luminance variations from being designated as changes in reflectance, and designating them
instead as shading, even though they are spatially aligned with one of colour patterns.
In this study, we have attempted to answer the questions regarding mixed colour and
luminance plaids with an aim to manipulate the direction and colour texturing of both the
depth enhancement and depth suppression. The results of this study furnishes further about
the information and understanding of the chromatic properties in terms of colour shading
textures and formation of shape from shading by the natural human vision system, and
therefore tries to acknowledge the assumptions related to the relationships between the
colour, luminance and depth of the vision system. In order to grab proper and precise
knowledge about the relationship between the colour, luminance and depth in the perception
4. of vision, we have utilize an adjustable stimulus that have original and real corrugations and
bumps in its structure, defined stereoscopically.
The findings of this study can be summarised by suggesting that the impression of depth is
presented when variations in colour were appeared at different orientation to plaid gratings
and at the same orientation but out of phase, therefore, the colour variations at different
orientation and out of phase will yield the depth enhancement. Additionally, the addition of
colour variations of the same orientation and in phase will suppress the grating that will yield
the depth suppression.
Method
Participants
The participants who took part in the chromatic-achromatic experiment were 8 psychology
students and 1 professor in the University of York: A, E, S, J, R, JS, JR, H and AW. For the
other 5 experiments, there were 8 participants in total except subject A. Details such as age,
gender and handedness were not necessarily collected for this experiment. Personal
identifying information were used anonymous.
Materials
The materials used in this experiment were stimuli viewed though a CRT screen and a
keyboard. First of all, the screen was a NEC Multisync 200 screen and the diagonal size of
screen was 20 inch. The refresh rates of how quickly the screen updates were 100Hz. Figure
1 shows the viewing distance between eyes and the screen. The viewing distance was the
total distance (1+2+3+4+5) about 700mm, but not the straight distance between eyes and
screen. The field of view (w x h) was 29.50 x 22.34 deg. The structure of depth (disparity)
was the distance between fovea and the place of images. Each eye was separated to see the
5. stimuli, it was the way that how stereo images achieved. The reason for that was to make
each eye construct different figures to achieve the disparity not to change the overall disparity
of objects.
5
Screen
4
3
Mirror
2
1
Eyes
Figure 1. Lab settings in this experiment
Secondly, participants’ adjustments of the amplitude of the depth corrugations in the stereoimages were made by pressing the up and down arrow keys on a standard keyboard. The
mean starting value of adjustments were -6.00 and the range of that was between -5.00 and
+5.00. Subjects’ responses were accompanied with auditory indicators.
Thirdly, stimuli were displayed on a grey background. The perform calibration of all
phosphors for chromatic data showed the location in colour space for 3 guns. It was
6. calibrated by using the Spyder 3 colorimeter. The R (red), G (green) and B (blue) gun outputs
were gamma-corrected after calibration. The CIE coordinates of the monitors’ phosphors
were R: x=0.640, y=0.330; G: x=0.300, y=0.600; B: x=0.150, y=0.060. The stimuli were
constructed from three component gratings: luminance modulated gratings, colour modulated
gratings and drift modulated gratings. All achromatic gratings with contrast of 100% had a
spatial frequency of 2 cpd and an orientation of 90 deg. The stimuli were presented in a
circular, hard-edged window. The achromatic gratings were ‘black and white’, and were
produced by modulating all three RGB phosphors in (1,1,1). The colour gratings were ‘redgreen’, and was designed to dissociate the post-receptor chromatic mechanism that
differences the L (long-wavelength-sensitive) and M (middle-wavelength-sensitive) cones.
The colour space of LMS was (1, -1,0). The drift gratings with contrast of 10% had a spatial
frequency of 1 cpd and were alternated to avoid movement after-effects. Alternation had a
temporal frequency of 1Hz. In this condition, horizontal gratings could not be used because
the shift bars from left to right was not seems to be moved. So, vertical gratings were made to
get larger disparity. All gratings were formed from sinusoidal modulations of cone contrast.
In more details, stimuli were made and divided into 6 conditions in this experiment: 1.
chromatic and non-chromatic, 2. in phase (0°) and out of phase (90°), 3. Orientation (0°, 30°,
60°, 90°), 4. Phase (0°, 30°,60°,90°), 5. Spatial frequency (1, 2, 4, 8 x original), and 6.
Drifting and static.
Design
The IVs (Independent Variables) in this experiment were 6 stimuli conditions. The DVs
(Dependent Variables) was the subjects’ adjustments for each condition. The main design
was a between subjects design.
7. Procedure
The type of procedure used here was called ‘psychophysics. Participants were asked to
estimate the apparent depth of the corrugations in the stereo-gratings on a CRT screen and
adjusted the amplitude of the depth corrugations in the stereo-gratings until they matched the
apparent depth of the corrugations in the test stimuli by pressing the up and down arrow keys
on a keyboard. There was no time limit. Each testing session took approximately 1 hour and
there were 6 individual conditions. During each session, stimuli were presented in a random
order with several practice trails and test trails. In the experiment 1, 2 and 5, participants were
tested 8 test trails for each condition. In the experiment 3 and 4, participants were tested 5
trails for each condition. Some participants experienced fading of images or other possible
adverse effects such as headache or dry eyes during along time of staring at a computer
screen. So, participants were encouraged to let their eyes roam around the stimuli to avoid the
negative influence on the adjustments. Finally, written consent forms were obtained from all
participants.
Results
As illustrated in figure 2, average disparity threshold showed that the chromatic condition
(M= 5.11, SD= 3.32) tends to be higher than the achromatic condition (M=2.93, SD= 2.46).
The mean difference between two conditions was 2.17 and the 95% confidence interval for
the estimated population mean difference is between 0.44 and 3.91. A paired sample test was
carried out to show that the difference between conditions was significant (t= 2.885, df= 8,
p< 0.020, 2-tailed).
8. Mean disparity threshold (arc
mins)
5.5
5
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
Chromatic
Achromatic
Figure 2. Mean disparity threshold for chromatic and achromatic stimuli.
As illustrated in figure 3, average disparity threshold of the in phase stimuli (M= 2.90, SD=
2.14) was lower than the out of phase stimuli (M= 4.91, SD= 3.60). The mean difference
between two conditions was -2.02 and the 95% confidence interval for the estimated
population mean difference is between -4.96 and 0.93. A paired sample test showed that the
difference between conditions was non-significant (t= -1.62, df= 7, p= 0.149, 2-tailed).
Mean Disparity Threshold
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
In Phase
Out Of Phase
9. Figure 3. Mean disparity threshold for in phase and out of phase. Figure 4 showed the
average disparity threshold for four separated orientations: 0 (M= 4.37, SD= 2.88), 30 (M=
3.74, SD= 2.17), 60 (M= 4.08, SD= 2.45) and 90 (M= 2.23, SD= 2.14) degrees. There was a
significant effect (ANOVA?) of the degree of orientation, F(3,21) = 3.207, p= 0.044. Then a
pairwise comparison was carried out to show the difference between each individual degree
of orientation. It indicated that there was no significant difference between 0, 30, 60 and 90
degrees.
Mean disparity threshold (arc
mins)
5
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
0
30
60
90
Orientation (degrees)
Figure 4. Mean disparity threshold for four different degrees of orientation.
Figure 5 showed the average disparity threshold for four individual phase variables: 0 degree
(M= 2.34, SD= 1.69), 30 degree (M= 3.26, SD= 2.16), 60 degree (M= 4.48, SD= 2.72) and
90 degree (M= 4.46, SD= 2.67). A non-significant effect of phase shift was found, F (3,21)=
2.997, p= 0.054. Then a pairwise comparison was conducted which indicated that four
individual phase degrees were not significantly differ from one another.
10. Mean disparity threshold
(arc mins)
5
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
0
30
60
90
Phase shift (degrees)
Figure 5. Mean disparity threshold for four different degrees of phase shift. As illustrated in
figure 6, average disparity threshold for spatial frequency of 1(M= 4.48, SD= 2.26), 2 (M=
3.00, SD= 1.86), 4 (M= 2.56, SD= 1.91) and 8 (M= 2.48, SD= 1.89) showed a significant
effects, F (3, 21) = 5.232, p= 0.007. After which, pairwise comparisons was employed and a
significant difference was found between spatial frequency 1 and spatial frequency 2 (p=
0.042). There were no significant differences between the spatial frequency 1 and 3, 1 and 4
Mean disparity threshold (arc
mins)
and 3 and 4.
5
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1
2
4
Spatial Frequency
Figure 6. Mean disparity threshold for four types of spatial frequency.
8
11. Figure 7 indicated the average disparity threshold for drifting (M= 3.77, SD= 3.06) and static
(M= 2.04, SD= 1.64) images. There was a non-significant effect (t= 1.75, df= 7, p= 0.124, 2tailed) between these two conditions by using a paired sample test.
Mean Disparity Setting
4
3.5
3
2.5
Drifting
2
Static
1.5
1
0.5
0
Figure 7: Mean disparity threshold for drifting and static stimuli.
Discussion
The present study for the Colour causes a depth illusion in human visual perception describes
based on the number of experiments and detailed analysis as done in the study that color
sensitive and luminance sensitive mechanism can be observed from it. The results of the
above study can be summarised based on the analysis as follows:
Based on the capacity to enhance and suppress depth as detected by the interference in the
mixed color plus luminance plaids it can be observed that the L – M and S gratings during
interference are similar. The observed capacity of the mentioned grating as above for getting
the desired depth does not depend on the enhancing grating it is either L – M or S. The depth
illusion is generally depending on the color for the human eye as observed from the analysis
above. The blue yellow capacity of the grating to get the desired depth is not affected by the
12. blue color falling orientation either in the dark or in the bright part of the observed shading
during the interference. The results indicates that for the out of phase condition the blue
yellow grating obtained while doing experiment, the blue yellow grating seem to be less
affective depth suppressors in respect to the blue yellow grating when they are in phase. The
color grating that have been defined along and between the cardinal directions of the obtained
color space, shows that its results seem to match with the general results obtained by
Kingdom (2003) as for the new color directions.
The obtained cardinal directions for the human visual perceptions do not seem to be different
in case of the capacity that enhance or suppress the desired depth that leads to the final result
of the study done for the human visual perceptions. The color shading effect in the study is
moreover dependent on the contrast of the color. In this study the complete gamut of color
directions are not studied therefore it can be said that the possibility of the color directions
can be rule out for the depth enhancement. It can be observed from the results that the two
orthogonal luminance which are in orientation have the contrast and equal nature the desired
depth is less than the actual depth. The luminance gratings which have the low contrast
behave like as potent depth enhancers for the higher contrast orthogonal in orientation
ratings. The results explain that the grating effect or interference effect in deciding the depth
illusion for the human visual perceptions depends on the color contrast because it made the
difference in the depth. The results are as per the expectation and positive to the data input for
the analysis.
Relation of discussion to the hypothesis
In this study the hypothesis has the strong relation with the discussion as the discussion is
based on the analysis and the analysis is based on the obtained result where using the
13. approximation to the observations. The hypothesis that is used for analysing the depth of the
color directions is that the magnitude of the desired depth would be lower in case when the
depth - enhancing and depth suppressing color directions seem to be similar in respect to the
color directions looks like different. The discussion also describes that the color depth for the
human vision perceptions is completely based on the color and grating that are obtained
during the interference. L – M and S grating seem to be similar based on the capacity of
depth - enhancing, this suggests that the color depth is important. The suggestion was for the
visual system that it might be possible as plaid components that have the similar color
composition in to a single surface, and interpret that for any residual luminance the
components should be shading.
There is no much evidence available for this hypothesis therefore; there is no evidence or
support present for the color – binding idea during the experiment. Another hypothesis in
this study is that the blue yellow chromatic gratings would not be that much effective for the
suppressors’ depth because in the chromatic grating the blue phase of the grating fell in the
dark instead of felling in the bright part of the shading grating. The shaded regions on the
ground will be bluer than the non-shaded regions for the same grating of blue yellow
chromatic grating. This hypothesis is not either have much evidence available for support of
this statement. The discussion implies that even if there is no evidence available the obtained
result from the analysis through the data describes that the hypothesis somewhat matches
with the result obtained. The hypothesis explain that for the blue yellow grating which are in
out of phase the desired depth suppression will be less in respect to the blue yellow grating in
phase. In this discussion it has been found that there should not be any depth suppression if
the blue yellow gratings are in out of phase but it is there because of the relative phase’s
shifts and so this happens. The sinusoidal modulations of blue yellow gratings shifts so
because of that the color and luminance do not produce in every subject a categorical shift
14. form aligned to non - aligned. The another hypothesis is that there might be a possibility of
depth – enhancing for L –M grating that has been used for the blue yellow experiment in
order to have the ceiling effect to get the desired depth. Thus it can be said that the hypothesis
made during the experiment or analysis was quite good and matches with the obtained result
as discussed above.
Implications of the results
The obtained results in the study are much significant to explain that colour causes a depth
illusion in human visual perception. Color always makes illusion to the human visual
perceptions as discussed in this study that blue color and yellow color fell in the different
regions because of the grating and the depth of the color shade. In this study we find that the
all hypothesis and the conditions for the interference and grating that the depth suppressions,
was higher or can say the depth enhancement was lower in case of 90 degree than in
compared to 270 degrees grating on the ground for the depth of color share. The effect as
seen from the obtained result for both the case as in 90 degree or in 270 degree don’t have
much significant effect. There are some no parametric and parametric statistical results that
might be significant in assessing the statement for the human vision perceptions. The
parametric tests in this study are more significant and powerful then the non – parametric and
there are less chances of having the error on the side instead of getting the number of errors
on the non-parametric side. Using the errors while testing as parametric will provide the more
enhance view for the cautions that can be consider improving the human vision perceptions.
It can be seen that the obtained results in figure -7 that shows the Mean disparity threshold
for drifting and static stimuli explains that in case of drifting the setting level was higher than
the static. The present study for the Colour causes a depth illusion in human visual perception
15. describes based on the number of experiments and detailed analysis as done in the study that
color sensitive and luminance sensitive mechanism can be observed from it. It has been seen
that the obtained results from the study will make a good sense to the visual system to
suppress luminance boarders that will make a favour to the chromatic ones because chromatic
boarders as used in this study show the more reliable indications to the surface of the
boundaries. The results of the present study add an important caveat to this idea, by showing
that there are circumstances in which color contrast promotes luminance contrast for visual
form judgments. Given that shadows and shading can be used by the visual system for object
recognition, shape perception and motion perception, it would make sense for the visual
system to recruit color vision to help differentiate those luminance variations that are due to
shadows and shading from those that are due to changes in surface reflectance. The
suppression of shape-from-shading by aligned chromatic variations is just the other side of
the coin; the visual system makes the reasonable assumption that such luminance variations
most likely originate from changes in surface reflectance. So the implications of the obtained
result from the experiment about the colour causes a depth illusion in human visual
perception are related to the statement and signifies the importance of the color in the illusion
of depth for the human visual perceptions.
Strengths and limitations of the experiment
We replicated Kingdom’s 2003 results and got the same results for chromatic and achromatic
gratings. We got non-significant results for the phase. But this result was nearly significant.
Perhaps if we did more subjects it would be better. This shows that the illusion of the depth
for the visual perceptions for the human is right as because of the color. The intensity and
rays of the different colors are different which might result in the different depths that people
observe. Tested a hypothesis that you could get the same effect with achromatic grating in the
experiment number six but we could reject this hypothesis. This effect >does< seem to
16. depend on color. Some subject had noisy results -perhaps because the experiments took too
long. We could reduce the time for the experiments - perhaps by automating it more or
breaking the experiments into shorter blocks. Warn people not to wear contact lenses - their
eyes get dry. Yes the people should not go for these contact lenses as it causes problem
because it resists the moisture to the eyes so create issue. The color also gets problem in these
contact lenses and the actual thing look differently. The findings of this study are relevant to
the vision perceptions so completely argumentative and useful. The only issue is that this
result can’t be observe as 100 percent perfect because the number of experiments and
iterations are not so long as because of that the actual trend can’t be observe.
It can said that the future generation vision can be improved based on the obtained results but
as observed the things are based on the hypothesis so it cannot be assumed that this study is
100 percent perfect. There are some limitations of the study as this can’t be useful for the
accurate result but yes the trend can be observed easily. For getting the exact pattern and
perfect results there is need to have the number of consistent experiments or simulations that
will give the accurate and reliable result in comparison to this experiment. These have
generally been restricted to an artificial world where the only luminance variations present
are those arising from shading. Such models will tend to fail with more naturalistic scenes
where luminance changes due to surface reflectance are confounded with those due to
inhomogeneous illumination. These models might be made more successful if they included a
stage in which color contrasts were detected and used as local weighting functions to
strengthen uncorrelated luminance inputs (and weaken correlated inputs) to the shapeanalysis stage.
Appropriate future directions for research
17. For future the study is very helpful in deciding the future vision issues and the illusion that
the human have. Further depth enhancement can be made based on the number of given data
and analysis. For getting the accurate result and perfection there should be used the number
of experiments and analysis or if possible should go for the real analysis through surveys,
testing and simulations. The further research area can be done for shade effects using the
mono-chromatic gratings and should use more colors for testing.
Conclusion
This study is very helpful in deciding about the human vision perceptions for the depth
illusions based on the color grating. The people should be careful for their vision and not to
sue the contact lenses to avoid any problem to the eyes. The conclusion of this study is that
Colour causes a depth illusion in human visual perception.
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