Php

Index
1. What is php?
2. Uses of php
3. Basic syntax of php
4. Variables
5. Echo/print statement
6. Array
7. Decision making
8. Loops
9. Functions
10. Mysql connections to php
11. Framework

What is php ?
 Php is scripting language commonly used on web servers.
 stands for Php: Hypertext preprocessor.
 open source.
 Embedded code.
 Multiple operating systems/web servers.

Uses of php
 Programming functions.
 You can add, delete, modify, etc within database through php.
 Encrypt data.
 Using PHP, you can restrict users to access some pages of your
website.

Basic php syntax
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
echo “Hello!PHP”; //prints Hello!PHP
?>
</body>
</html>

 Comment: To make the single line comment use //.To make large
comment block use /* and ends with */.
Example:
<?php
//this is comment
/*this is comment
Block*/
?>

Variables
 Php variables start with $ sign and followed by name of variable.
 Case sensitive($FOO!=$foo!=fOo)
 Globally and locally scoped variable
 Global variables can be placed anywhere.
 Local variables restricted to a function or class.
 Certain variables are reserved by php
 Form variables($_post,$_get)
 Server variables($_server),etc.

Variables usage
Example:
<?php
$txt = "Hello world!";
$x = 5;
$y = 5.44;
echo $txt; // prints Hello world!
echo ”br”;
echo $x; // prints 5
echo “br”;
echo $y; // prints 5.44
?>

Echo/Print
 There are two ways to print the output: echo and print
Example:
<?php
$foo = 25;
$bar = “Well come to php”;
echo $bar; //prints Well come to php
echo $foo; //prints 25
echo $foo,$bar; //prints 25hello
?>

Arrays
 An array is a special variable that stores more than one element at
a time.
 In php, there are three types of array:
. Indexed Array
. Associative Array
. Multidimensional Array

Arrays(contd..)
1.Indexed array: An array with numeric index.
Example:
$cars = array("Volvo", "BMW", "Toyota");
or
$cars[0] = "Volvo";
$cars[1] = "BMW";
$cars[2] = "Toyota";

Arrays(contd..)
2.Associative array: An array where each ID key is associated with a
value.
Example:
$salary = array(
"Peter"=>“2000",
"Ben"=>“3000",
"Joe"=>“4000“ );

Arrays(contd..)
3.Multidimensional array: An array containing one or more arrays
and values are accessed using multiple indices.
Example:
<?php
$letters = array('A','B','C'); $numbers =
array(1,2,3);
$matrix = array('Letter' =>$letters,
'Number' => $numbers);
?>

Operators
 Arithmetic operator
 Logical operator
 Assignment operator
 Comparison operator
 String operator
$total=$x+$y
$x and $Y
$z=$x+$yor(=+,=-)
$x==$y
$txt1.$txt2

Php- if..elseif..else
if (condition1) {
//code to be executed;
} elseif (condition2) {
//Code to be executed;
} else {
//code to be executed if neither;
// condition1 nor condition2 is true;
}

Php-Switch statement
$favcolor=“red”;
switch($favcolor){
case “red”:
echo ” your favorite color is red”;
break;
case “blue”:
echo ” your favorite color is blue”;
break;
default:
echo “ ..neither red or blue ”;

Loops
 while:
$x=1;
while ($x<=5){
echo “Number: $x</br>”; $x++;
}
dowhile: $x=1;
do
{
echo ” Number: $x</br>”; $x++;
}while ($x<=5);

Loops(contd)
 For Loop:
<?php
for ($x=0; %x<=10; $x++)
{
echo “ The number is: $x </br> ”;
}
?>

Loops(contd)
 foreach Loop: The foreach loop works only on arrays, and used to
loop through keys/value pair in an array.
<?php
$color=array(“red”,”green”,”blue”;
foreach ($color as $ value)
echo “$value</br>”;
?>

Functions
 A Function is a self-contained block of code that performs to
perform specific task.
 Php Built-in functions.
 Php User-defined functions.
function functionName(){
// code to executed;}
 Php functions with Parameters.
function functionName($parameter1,$parameter2){
//Code to executed; }

Mysql connection
 Create connection: Before we can access data in the MySQL database, we
need to be able to connect to the server:
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password);
 Close connection: The connection will be closed automatically when the
script ends.
$conn->close();

Mysql database
 Create database: The CREATE DATABASE statement is used to
create a database in MySQL.
$sql = “create database myDB";
if ($conn->query($sql) === TRUE) {
echo "Database created successfully";
} else {
echo "Error creating database: " . $conn->error;
}

Mysql connection
 Create table: The create table statement is used to create a table
in MySQL.
create table MyGuests (
id int(6) unsined
auto_increment primary key,
firstname varchar(30) not null,
lastname varchar(30) not null,
email varchar(50),
reg_date timestamp
);

Mysql database
 Insert values: After creating the database and table start inserting
the values to the database.
INSERT INTO table name (column1, column2,
column3,...)VALUES (value1, value2, value3,...);
 Update data: The UPDATE statement is used to update existing
records in a table.
Update table_name
SET column1=value, column2=value2,...
WHERE some column=some_value

Frameworks
A Frame is a set of common and prefabricated software building
blocks that programmers can use, extend customize for specific
computing solutions.
1. Code Igniter.
2. CakePHP.
3. PHPDevShell.
4. Akelos.

Php

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