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INTRODUCTION TO THE
PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN
PERSON
LESSON 1
WHAT IS PHILOSPHY?
PHILIA SOPHIA
love wisdom
the strong desire to the concept of
applying knowledge correctly
PHILOSOPHY IS ALSO
DEFINED AS SCIENCE THAT
BY NATURAL LIGHT OF
REASON, STUDIES THE FIRST
CAUSE OR HIGHEST
PRINCIPLE OF ALL THINGS.
IN OTHER WORDS…
THE SCIENCE THAT STUDIES
BEING IN THEIR ULTIMATE
CAUSES, REASONS AND
PRINCIPLES.
THE FIRST CAUSE OF HIGHEST PRINCIPLES
•Principle of Identity – everything is its own being
•Principle of Non-Contradiction – it is impossible to
be and not to be at the same time
•Principle of Excluded Middle – everything must
being and not being.
•Principle of First Reason – nothing exist without
sufficient reason.
BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY
PHILOSOPHY
Metaphysics Ethics Epistemology Logic Aesthetics
METAPHYSICS
• Concepts of things that
cannot be experienced.
• considers the physical
universe and the nature of
ultimate reality.
• Moral, Mathematical and
Scientific ideas
ETHICS
• questioning of morals and personal
values.
• Explores the nature of moral virtues
virtues and evaluates human actions.
actions.
• Religion-based morality to
philosophical ethics.
EPISTEMOLOGY
• Study of nature and scope of knowledge and
justified belief.
• considers how people come to learn what they
know.
• It explains; (1) how we know, what we claim to
claim to know (2) how can we find out what we
what we want to know (3) how can we
differentiate truth from falsehood.
HOW DO WE ACQUIRE KNOWLEDGE?
•INDUCTION METHOD (EMPIRICISM)
Knowledge is attained through
senses.
•DEDUCTION METHOD (RATIONALISM)
it is important to find the general law
according to which fact can be
LOGIC
• Study of reasons.
• Principle and concepts of valid
argument.
• Logic has two types: deductive
and inductive reasoning.
AESTHETICS
• the examination of what is beautiful,
enjoyable, or tasteful
• Importance of aesthetics
• It vitalizes our knowledge.
• It helps us to live more deeply and richly
• It brings us in touch with our culture.
SCIENCE – sensory emotional
value.
SOCIAL SCIENCE – critical
reflection on ARTS, CULTURE,
and NATURE.
ART DISCIPLINE – theories in
WHY BECOME A
PHILOSOPHER?
ON ATTAINING A COMPREHENSIVE OUTLOOK IN LIFE
EXPANDING THE PHILOSOPHICAL FRAMES
OCCIDENTAL/
WESTERN
FILIPINO
OREINTAL/
EASTERN
ATTITUDINAL
IMPERATIVES
1.Contrast in
Propensity
2.Distinction between
Religion in
Philosophy
3.Validity of Intuition
FILIPINO THINKING: FROM LOCAL TO
GLOBAL
• Loob: Holistic and Interior
Dimensions
• Filipino Philosophy of Time
• Bahala Na
• Filipino Thoughts and Values :
Positive and Negative Aspects
TRANSCENDING AND AIMING FOR LIFE OF
ABUNDANCE
• ABUNDANCE IS NOT WHAT WE GATHER BUT
WHAT WE SCATTER.
• ABINDANCE IS NOT WHAT WE KEEP BUT
WHAT WE GIVE AWAY.
• ABUNDANCE IS NOT WHAT WE HOLD BUT
WHAT WE SHARE.
• ABUNDANCE IS A CHOICE.
• ABUNDANCE IS TO EVOLVE INTO A HIGHER
BEING.
PHILOSOPHICAL REFLECTION
DO YOU THINK PHILOSOPHY IS IMPORTANT IN THE AGE OF
GLOBALIZATION? WHY?
TO SUM UP
•Philosophy covers a great deal of
conceptual, complex and value laden
process.
•Broad understanding of philosophy
stressed not just for human but other
living beings.

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Philo Lesson 1.pptx

  • 1. INTRODUCTION TO THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN PERSON LESSON 1
  • 2.
  • 3. WHAT IS PHILOSPHY? PHILIA SOPHIA love wisdom the strong desire to the concept of applying knowledge correctly
  • 4. PHILOSOPHY IS ALSO DEFINED AS SCIENCE THAT BY NATURAL LIGHT OF REASON, STUDIES THE FIRST CAUSE OR HIGHEST PRINCIPLE OF ALL THINGS.
  • 5. IN OTHER WORDS… THE SCIENCE THAT STUDIES BEING IN THEIR ULTIMATE CAUSES, REASONS AND PRINCIPLES.
  • 6. THE FIRST CAUSE OF HIGHEST PRINCIPLES •Principle of Identity – everything is its own being •Principle of Non-Contradiction – it is impossible to be and not to be at the same time •Principle of Excluded Middle – everything must being and not being. •Principle of First Reason – nothing exist without sufficient reason.
  • 7. BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY PHILOSOPHY Metaphysics Ethics Epistemology Logic Aesthetics
  • 8. METAPHYSICS • Concepts of things that cannot be experienced. • considers the physical universe and the nature of ultimate reality. • Moral, Mathematical and Scientific ideas
  • 9. ETHICS • questioning of morals and personal values. • Explores the nature of moral virtues virtues and evaluates human actions. actions. • Religion-based morality to philosophical ethics.
  • 10. EPISTEMOLOGY • Study of nature and scope of knowledge and justified belief. • considers how people come to learn what they know. • It explains; (1) how we know, what we claim to claim to know (2) how can we find out what we what we want to know (3) how can we differentiate truth from falsehood.
  • 11. HOW DO WE ACQUIRE KNOWLEDGE? •INDUCTION METHOD (EMPIRICISM) Knowledge is attained through senses. •DEDUCTION METHOD (RATIONALISM) it is important to find the general law according to which fact can be
  • 12. LOGIC • Study of reasons. • Principle and concepts of valid argument. • Logic has two types: deductive and inductive reasoning.
  • 13. AESTHETICS • the examination of what is beautiful, enjoyable, or tasteful • Importance of aesthetics • It vitalizes our knowledge. • It helps us to live more deeply and richly • It brings us in touch with our culture.
  • 14. SCIENCE – sensory emotional value. SOCIAL SCIENCE – critical reflection on ARTS, CULTURE, and NATURE. ART DISCIPLINE – theories in
  • 15. WHY BECOME A PHILOSOPHER? ON ATTAINING A COMPREHENSIVE OUTLOOK IN LIFE
  • 16.
  • 17. EXPANDING THE PHILOSOPHICAL FRAMES OCCIDENTAL/ WESTERN FILIPINO OREINTAL/ EASTERN ATTITUDINAL IMPERATIVES 1.Contrast in Propensity 2.Distinction between Religion in Philosophy 3.Validity of Intuition
  • 18. FILIPINO THINKING: FROM LOCAL TO GLOBAL • Loob: Holistic and Interior Dimensions • Filipino Philosophy of Time • Bahala Na • Filipino Thoughts and Values : Positive and Negative Aspects
  • 19. TRANSCENDING AND AIMING FOR LIFE OF ABUNDANCE • ABUNDANCE IS NOT WHAT WE GATHER BUT WHAT WE SCATTER. • ABINDANCE IS NOT WHAT WE KEEP BUT WHAT WE GIVE AWAY. • ABUNDANCE IS NOT WHAT WE HOLD BUT WHAT WE SHARE. • ABUNDANCE IS A CHOICE. • ABUNDANCE IS TO EVOLVE INTO A HIGHER BEING.
  • 20. PHILOSOPHICAL REFLECTION DO YOU THINK PHILOSOPHY IS IMPORTANT IN THE AGE OF GLOBALIZATION? WHY?
  • 21. TO SUM UP •Philosophy covers a great deal of conceptual, complex and value laden process. •Broad understanding of philosophy stressed not just for human but other living beings.

Editor's Notes

  1. From the Greek word Meta=Beyond and Physika = Physical nature 2 sub branches General (ontology) and Special (Cosmology, psychology and anthro & theo)
  2. Ethos -the distinguishing character, sentiment, moral nature, or guiding beliefs of a person, group, or institution Ethics is not equal to morality Ethics –theory Morality - practice
  3. Empiricism – John Locke Rationalism – Rene Descartes
  4. Logos – science of correct thinking Logike treatise on matter concerning to the human thoughts
  5. DIVERSITY in ENTNICITTY, CULTURE, FAMILY LIFE, VALUES, BELIEF, GEOGRAPHY, RELIGION Which will enable us to understand the various veiwpoints of philophy western and eastern philosophy and our indigenous beliefs and goin beyond the logical and technological emperatives of existence.
  6. Attitudinal emperatives – essentials Propensity- an inclination or natural tendency to behave in a particular way West- linear manner Oriental – circular manner (samsara and re-incarnation) East – Philo is religion and religion is philosophy Mysticism - belief characterized by self-delusion or dreamy confusion of thought, especially when based on the assumption of occult qualities or mysterious agencies.