Here are the answers to the questions:
1. Logic
2. Loob
3. Ethics
4. Aesthetics
5. Love
6. Socrates
7. Plato
8. Aristotle
9. Epistemology
10. Philosophy of time
Here are some ways students can live a life of abundance:
- Focus on personal growth and learning rather than material possessions. Pursue knowledge and new experiences that fulfill your potential.
- Build strong relationships with others through acts of kindness, compassion, and service. Make time for family and friends each day.
- Practice gratitude for the blessings you already have like health, education opportunities, supportive communities. An abundant mindset values what you have.
- Find purpose and meaning in small acts that uplift others, from volunteering to holding doors to leaving encouraging notes. Look for ways to spread abundance wherever you go.
- Take care of your mind, body, and spirit through exercise, meditation, journaling,
The document discusses several philosophers' perspectives on human freedom. Aristotle viewed humans as rational beings with free will. For Thomas Aquinas, humans can rise above their ordinary state through virtuous living and cooperation with God. Jean-Paul Sartre emphasized individual freedom of choice. Jean-Jacques Rousseau believed humans formed societies through a social contract to protect themselves. Views on balancing individual freedom with social influences and responsibilities are explored.
This document discusses key topics related to developing primary skills in learners. It covers doing philosophy from partial vs holistic perspectives, methods of philosophizing from opinion vs truth, the human person as an embodied spirit regarding limitations vs possibilities for transcendence, and the human person in their environment regarding disorder vs order. It also discusses freedom of the human person in terms of choices and consequences, intersubjectivity in terms of authentic dialogue and accepting differences, and the human person in society regarding the dialect of individual and society. Finally, it discusses human persons as oriented towards their impending death in terms of death and the meaning of life.
This document provides an overview of philosophy as a discipline of questioning. It discusses philosophy as the love of wisdom derived from two Greek words. Philosophy involves questioning, which is the core of philosophical inquiry. Authentic questions must be for the sake of knowledge. The philosophical method uses logic to arrive at clear answers through questioning. Philosophy can be explained as an unending series of questions where answers become new questions. It is also personal as philosophical concepts differ between individuals. Elements of improved philosophical reasoning include being objective, systematic, and following scientific thinking rules. The major branches of philosophy are metaphysics, epistemology, and ethics. The three ultimate questions in philosophy are what can we know, what is good, and what is real.
Philosophy provides value in several ways according to the document:
1. Philosophy is the foundation of knowledge and the framework for understanding the world by establishing the premises and standards by which ideas are integrated.
2. It gives us a sense of direction and purpose in life by providing guidelines on how to live and a point of view.
3. Studying philosophy helps us to think, which is an important part of being human. It helps us to be human and leads us to be humane.
This document provides an overview of the discipline of counseling as an applied social science. It defines counseling as a relationship that applies psychological theories and communication skills to help clients address concerns. The document outlines the goals of counseling as guiding clients through life decisions and assessments. It also describes the key contexts, including peers, family, culture and the counseling environment itself, that influence the counseling process. Finally, the document discusses several core values like respecting human dignity and social justice that are important to the counseling profession.
Philosophy module 1 - The Meaning and Method of Doing PhilosophyRey An Castro
Philosophy Module 1: The Meaning and Method of Doing Philosophy of Rey An C. Castro, LPT., was created as a tool for teaching Philosophy in senior high school students.
The author aims to help educators and students in teaching and learning Philosophy.
This document provides an introduction to philosophy and the philosophy of the human person. It defines philosophy as the love of wisdom and discusses some of the most notable ancient Greek philosophers such as Pythagoras, Heraclitus, Democritus, Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. It also outlines some of the main branches of philosophy including aesthetics, logic, epistemology, ethics, political philosophy, metaphysics, and the philosophy of the human person. The document encourages philosophical thinking by asking questions about reality, knowledge, purpose, freedom, and the human person.
Here are some ways students can live a life of abundance:
- Focus on personal growth and learning rather than material possessions. Pursue knowledge and new experiences that fulfill your potential.
- Build strong relationships with others through acts of kindness, compassion, and service. Make time for family and friends each day.
- Practice gratitude for the blessings you already have like health, education opportunities, supportive communities. An abundant mindset values what you have.
- Find purpose and meaning in small acts that uplift others, from volunteering to holding doors to leaving encouraging notes. Look for ways to spread abundance wherever you go.
- Take care of your mind, body, and spirit through exercise, meditation, journaling,
The document discusses several philosophers' perspectives on human freedom. Aristotle viewed humans as rational beings with free will. For Thomas Aquinas, humans can rise above their ordinary state through virtuous living and cooperation with God. Jean-Paul Sartre emphasized individual freedom of choice. Jean-Jacques Rousseau believed humans formed societies through a social contract to protect themselves. Views on balancing individual freedom with social influences and responsibilities are explored.
This document discusses key topics related to developing primary skills in learners. It covers doing philosophy from partial vs holistic perspectives, methods of philosophizing from opinion vs truth, the human person as an embodied spirit regarding limitations vs possibilities for transcendence, and the human person in their environment regarding disorder vs order. It also discusses freedom of the human person in terms of choices and consequences, intersubjectivity in terms of authentic dialogue and accepting differences, and the human person in society regarding the dialect of individual and society. Finally, it discusses human persons as oriented towards their impending death in terms of death and the meaning of life.
This document provides an overview of philosophy as a discipline of questioning. It discusses philosophy as the love of wisdom derived from two Greek words. Philosophy involves questioning, which is the core of philosophical inquiry. Authentic questions must be for the sake of knowledge. The philosophical method uses logic to arrive at clear answers through questioning. Philosophy can be explained as an unending series of questions where answers become new questions. It is also personal as philosophical concepts differ between individuals. Elements of improved philosophical reasoning include being objective, systematic, and following scientific thinking rules. The major branches of philosophy are metaphysics, epistemology, and ethics. The three ultimate questions in philosophy are what can we know, what is good, and what is real.
Philosophy provides value in several ways according to the document:
1. Philosophy is the foundation of knowledge and the framework for understanding the world by establishing the premises and standards by which ideas are integrated.
2. It gives us a sense of direction and purpose in life by providing guidelines on how to live and a point of view.
3. Studying philosophy helps us to think, which is an important part of being human. It helps us to be human and leads us to be humane.
This document provides an overview of the discipline of counseling as an applied social science. It defines counseling as a relationship that applies psychological theories and communication skills to help clients address concerns. The document outlines the goals of counseling as guiding clients through life decisions and assessments. It also describes the key contexts, including peers, family, culture and the counseling environment itself, that influence the counseling process. Finally, the document discusses several core values like respecting human dignity and social justice that are important to the counseling profession.
Philosophy module 1 - The Meaning and Method of Doing PhilosophyRey An Castro
Philosophy Module 1: The Meaning and Method of Doing Philosophy of Rey An C. Castro, LPT., was created as a tool for teaching Philosophy in senior high school students.
The author aims to help educators and students in teaching and learning Philosophy.
This document provides an introduction to philosophy and the philosophy of the human person. It defines philosophy as the love of wisdom and discusses some of the most notable ancient Greek philosophers such as Pythagoras, Heraclitus, Democritus, Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. It also outlines some of the main branches of philosophy including aesthetics, logic, epistemology, ethics, political philosophy, metaphysics, and the philosophy of the human person. The document encourages philosophical thinking by asking questions about reality, knowledge, purpose, freedom, and the human person.
This document discusses key concepts in philosophy, including truth, knowledge, propositions, and methods for determining what is true. It provides definitions and examples of facts, claims, opinions, beliefs, explanations, arguments, and logical fallacies. Common biases are also explained. The overall purpose is to guide the reader in distinguishing truth from opinion and analyzing statements using philosophical methods.
Introduction to Philosophy of the Human Person
Human Person
Human Living
Human Freedom
Intersubjectivity of the Human Person
Human Person in his/her environment
Human Person in the Society
Human Person as Oriented towards their Impending death
This document provides an introduction to the philosophy of the human person. It discusses the nature and definitions of philosophy, examining perspectives from Pythagoras to modern existentialism. It explores major themes in the philosophy of man like embodiment, social nature, freedom, and the search for meaning and values. The document also outlines the major branches of philosophy and different philosophical approaches to studying human nature, shifting from a cosmocentric to a theocentric to an anthropocentric focus over time.
This document discusses human persons and their relationship with the environment from philosophical and theoretical perspectives. It describes the anthropocentric model, which views humans as superior to nature, and the ecocentric model, which sees humans as part of the natural world. The ecocentric model includes theories of deep ecology, social ecology, and ecofeminism. The document also discusses early philosophers like Anaximander and Pythagoras and their views on nature. Overall, it analyzes different frameworks for understanding the human-environment relationship.
The document discusses a classic Indian fable about six blind men encountering an elephant. Each man touches a different part of the elephant's body - its side, tusk, trunk, knee, ear - and based on their limited perspective, concludes the elephant resembles different objects like a wall, spear, snake, tree, or fan. This highlights the limitations of partial or narrow perspectives in understanding complex realities that require a holistic view.
The document provides an overview of ancient Greek philosophy and views of human nature from Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. It summarizes that Socrates believed human nature involved reasoning and that people do not willingly do wrong. Plato saw human nature as depending on the tripartite soul and that people fulfill their nature based on the society they live in. Aristotle viewed humans as rational social animals that achieve success by fulfilling their telos/function through virtue.
This document provides an overview of methods for philosophizing and determining truth. It discusses the importance of truth and differentiating between knowledge, facts, claims, opinions and arguments. Systematic doubt is presented as a philosophical method for establishing truth by scrutinizing and analyzing statements. Examples are provided to illustrate applying systematic doubt to determine whether a statement is factual or an opinion. Fallacies in reasoning that can undermine arguments are also defined and exemplified. The document aims to teach philosophical thinking and analysis to discern truth from falsehood.
This document contains summaries of several key branches of philosophy including metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, politics, aesthetics, and education. Metaphysics is the study of existence and reality. Epistemology is the study of knowledge and how it is acquired. Ethics examines concepts of right and wrong action. Politics applies ethics to social groups. Aesthetics explores the nature and purpose of art. The quotes on education emphasize the importance of developing judgment, virtue, and wisdom through education rather than just accumulating knowledge.
The document discusses different perspectives on the human person as an embodied spirit from ancient and contemporary thought. It describes the human person as composed of both body and soul, with the soul being the spiritual or immaterial part. Plato viewed the soul and body as distinct, while Augustine believed they constitute a single person. Descartes argued that the mind is primary over the body, viewing the body as a machine for the mind. This perspective has had impacts such as perception prioritizing intellectual labor over manual. The document covers various thinkers' takes on the relationship between the human body and soul.
The Human Person | Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human PersonWilfredoDJ1
The document discusses the Buddhist philosophy of a person through the life of Siddhartha Gautama, who became the Buddha. It notes he was born into a royal family in what is now Nepal. Four significant realizations shaped Siddhartha's life: encountering an old man made him realize we all grow old; a sick man showed illness is universal; a corpse demonstrated we all die; and seeing a monk taught him renunciation is possible. These insights prompted Siddhartha to leave his life of luxury to find the truth about suffering and how to be liberated from it, culminating in his enlightenment and teaching others the path to liberation through Buddhism.
This document provides an overview of the main branches of philosophy. It discusses ethics, epistemology, metaphysics, politics, aesthetics, religion, philosophy of science, and logic. For each branch, it provides 1-2 questions that branch seeks to address. Ethics explores questions of morality, good and evil. Epistemology examines the nature of knowledge and how it is acquired. Metaphysics investigates fundamental aspects of reality and existence. Politics considers the relationship between citizens and government. Aesthetics studies beauty, art, and taste. Religion examines questions regarding the nature of God and humanity's relationship to God. Philosophy of science looks at assumptions and methods of science. Logic establishes rules for rational thinking and argumentation
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
institute of philippine culture's study on philippine valuesCarmie Cuizon
This document discusses a lesson from the Institute of Philippine Culture on important Filipino interpersonal values. It identifies three key values - social acceptance, economic security and social mobility, and reciprocity. Reciprocity includes contractual, quasi-contractual, and utang na loob values. The lesson divides students into groups to research and report on different Filipino values related to interpersonal relations, how to incorporate desirable values into daily life, and examples. It also includes a matching activity to define values like amor propio and reciprocity, and assignments for students to write about smooth interpersonal relations, explaining reciprocity, and an essay on the importance and implications of social interpersonal values to Philippine culture and development.
The document discusses the concept of "doing philosophy" through analyzing a story called "Six Blind Men and the Elephant." It tells of six blind men who each touch a different part of an elephant and come to different conclusions about what the elephant is like based on their limited perspectives. The story illustrates that having only a partial view can lead people to think they have the whole truth. It also relates this idea to religious disagreements. The document aims to explain what philosophy is through distinguishing it from opinions, exploring its purpose of seeking wisdom, and examining how taking multiple perspectives is important for understanding complex issues.
Introduction to the philosophy of the human personThess Isidoro
This document provides an introduction to a philosophy of the human person course. It covers several key topics:
- The human person in their environment, and how humans were created to live in harmony with nature. Respect for the environment is discussed.
- Freedom of the human person, including lessons on free will, voluntary actions and their consequences, and arguments for and against freedom of the will.
- Intersubjectivity, which examines human relationships and interactions between people.
Various learning activities are suggested such as poster making, travelogue creation, and recycling projects to reinforce the lessons. The document outlines rationales, objectives and content for each topic area.
Plato's Allegory of the Cave describes prisoners chained in a cave seeing only shadows on the cave wall from objects carried behind them. The prisoners believe the shadows are reality. When one prisoner escapes and sees the true objects, he realizes the shadows were an illusion. Similarly, our everyday perceptions are like the shadows, while true knowledge comes from contemplating the forms, or true nature of reality outside the cave.
This document provides an overview of philosophy, including:
1) The origin and definition of philosophy, tracing back to ancient Greek philosophers and meaning "love of wisdom." Philosophy arises from wonder, curiosity, and a desire to understand.
2) The main branches of philosophy are discussed - ethics, logic, epistemology, metaphysics, and aesthetics. Each branch focuses on fundamental questions about its topic.
3) Reflection and questioning oneself are presented as important aspects of engaging with philosophy. Philosophers encourage examining one's life, experiences, beliefs and assumptions.
The Human Person as an Embodied Spirit: Limitations and TranscendenceAntonio Delgado
The document discusses the human person as an embodied spirit with limitations. It explains that human existence is embodied, and consciousness and embodiment are necessary for subjectivity, emotion, language, thought, and social interaction. It outlines three main limitations of humans as embodied spirits: 1) facticity, which refers to the unchangeable aspects of one's life and circumstances; 2) being spatial-temporal beings with limitations of time and an inability to be in two places at once; and 3) the body acting as an intermediary between our minds and the world in a limiting way.
This document discusses different philosophical methods for determining truth: phenomenology bases truth on consciousness; existentialism bases it on personal freedom and choice; postmodernism rejects absolute truth and emphasizes cultures and power structures; analytic tradition views language as socially constructed. It also discusses logic and critical thinking as tools to reason, distinguish facts from opinions, and identify fallacies. Logical arguments can be deductive, moving from general premises to specific conclusions, or inductive, using observations to make probable claims.
This document provides an introduction to the philosophy of the human person. It defines philosophy as the love of wisdom and as the study of first principles and highest causes using reason. The document outlines some key branches of philosophy including metaphysics, ethics, epistemology, logic, and aesthetics. It encourages becoming a philosopher to attain a comprehensive outlook on life and discusses expanding philosophical frames using Western, Chinese, Indian, and attitudinal perspectives. The document also addresses some aspects of Filipino thinking and values. It emphasizes the importance of transcending to a life of abundance through scattering wisdom rather than gathering and emphasizing sharing over keeping or holding. The document promotes philosophical reflection on whether philosophy remains important in an age of globalization.
In what way can you change or improve your behavior so that you will be better able to uphold human freedom? Freedom is an intrinsic and essential property of the person.
Person by nature is a free being and that it is in his or her nature to seek freedomImportant indicators of human freedom:
Ability to make choices
Perform actions Freedom is also understood as the power to be what you want to be and the ability to decide and create yourself.
Freedom is rooted in the human person’s self-determination and the exercise of intellect and free will.
Absence of any physical restraint. He/she is not impeded in his/her actions by any physical force.
This document discusses key concepts in philosophy, including truth, knowledge, propositions, and methods for determining what is true. It provides definitions and examples of facts, claims, opinions, beliefs, explanations, arguments, and logical fallacies. Common biases are also explained. The overall purpose is to guide the reader in distinguishing truth from opinion and analyzing statements using philosophical methods.
Introduction to Philosophy of the Human Person
Human Person
Human Living
Human Freedom
Intersubjectivity of the Human Person
Human Person in his/her environment
Human Person in the Society
Human Person as Oriented towards their Impending death
This document provides an introduction to the philosophy of the human person. It discusses the nature and definitions of philosophy, examining perspectives from Pythagoras to modern existentialism. It explores major themes in the philosophy of man like embodiment, social nature, freedom, and the search for meaning and values. The document also outlines the major branches of philosophy and different philosophical approaches to studying human nature, shifting from a cosmocentric to a theocentric to an anthropocentric focus over time.
This document discusses human persons and their relationship with the environment from philosophical and theoretical perspectives. It describes the anthropocentric model, which views humans as superior to nature, and the ecocentric model, which sees humans as part of the natural world. The ecocentric model includes theories of deep ecology, social ecology, and ecofeminism. The document also discusses early philosophers like Anaximander and Pythagoras and their views on nature. Overall, it analyzes different frameworks for understanding the human-environment relationship.
The document discusses a classic Indian fable about six blind men encountering an elephant. Each man touches a different part of the elephant's body - its side, tusk, trunk, knee, ear - and based on their limited perspective, concludes the elephant resembles different objects like a wall, spear, snake, tree, or fan. This highlights the limitations of partial or narrow perspectives in understanding complex realities that require a holistic view.
The document provides an overview of ancient Greek philosophy and views of human nature from Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. It summarizes that Socrates believed human nature involved reasoning and that people do not willingly do wrong. Plato saw human nature as depending on the tripartite soul and that people fulfill their nature based on the society they live in. Aristotle viewed humans as rational social animals that achieve success by fulfilling their telos/function through virtue.
This document provides an overview of methods for philosophizing and determining truth. It discusses the importance of truth and differentiating between knowledge, facts, claims, opinions and arguments. Systematic doubt is presented as a philosophical method for establishing truth by scrutinizing and analyzing statements. Examples are provided to illustrate applying systematic doubt to determine whether a statement is factual or an opinion. Fallacies in reasoning that can undermine arguments are also defined and exemplified. The document aims to teach philosophical thinking and analysis to discern truth from falsehood.
This document contains summaries of several key branches of philosophy including metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, politics, aesthetics, and education. Metaphysics is the study of existence and reality. Epistemology is the study of knowledge and how it is acquired. Ethics examines concepts of right and wrong action. Politics applies ethics to social groups. Aesthetics explores the nature and purpose of art. The quotes on education emphasize the importance of developing judgment, virtue, and wisdom through education rather than just accumulating knowledge.
The document discusses different perspectives on the human person as an embodied spirit from ancient and contemporary thought. It describes the human person as composed of both body and soul, with the soul being the spiritual or immaterial part. Plato viewed the soul and body as distinct, while Augustine believed they constitute a single person. Descartes argued that the mind is primary over the body, viewing the body as a machine for the mind. This perspective has had impacts such as perception prioritizing intellectual labor over manual. The document covers various thinkers' takes on the relationship between the human body and soul.
The Human Person | Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human PersonWilfredoDJ1
The document discusses the Buddhist philosophy of a person through the life of Siddhartha Gautama, who became the Buddha. It notes he was born into a royal family in what is now Nepal. Four significant realizations shaped Siddhartha's life: encountering an old man made him realize we all grow old; a sick man showed illness is universal; a corpse demonstrated we all die; and seeing a monk taught him renunciation is possible. These insights prompted Siddhartha to leave his life of luxury to find the truth about suffering and how to be liberated from it, culminating in his enlightenment and teaching others the path to liberation through Buddhism.
This document provides an overview of the main branches of philosophy. It discusses ethics, epistemology, metaphysics, politics, aesthetics, religion, philosophy of science, and logic. For each branch, it provides 1-2 questions that branch seeks to address. Ethics explores questions of morality, good and evil. Epistemology examines the nature of knowledge and how it is acquired. Metaphysics investigates fundamental aspects of reality and existence. Politics considers the relationship between citizens and government. Aesthetics studies beauty, art, and taste. Religion examines questions regarding the nature of God and humanity's relationship to God. Philosophy of science looks at assumptions and methods of science. Logic establishes rules for rational thinking and argumentation
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
institute of philippine culture's study on philippine valuesCarmie Cuizon
This document discusses a lesson from the Institute of Philippine Culture on important Filipino interpersonal values. It identifies three key values - social acceptance, economic security and social mobility, and reciprocity. Reciprocity includes contractual, quasi-contractual, and utang na loob values. The lesson divides students into groups to research and report on different Filipino values related to interpersonal relations, how to incorporate desirable values into daily life, and examples. It also includes a matching activity to define values like amor propio and reciprocity, and assignments for students to write about smooth interpersonal relations, explaining reciprocity, and an essay on the importance and implications of social interpersonal values to Philippine culture and development.
The document discusses the concept of "doing philosophy" through analyzing a story called "Six Blind Men and the Elephant." It tells of six blind men who each touch a different part of an elephant and come to different conclusions about what the elephant is like based on their limited perspectives. The story illustrates that having only a partial view can lead people to think they have the whole truth. It also relates this idea to religious disagreements. The document aims to explain what philosophy is through distinguishing it from opinions, exploring its purpose of seeking wisdom, and examining how taking multiple perspectives is important for understanding complex issues.
Introduction to the philosophy of the human personThess Isidoro
This document provides an introduction to a philosophy of the human person course. It covers several key topics:
- The human person in their environment, and how humans were created to live in harmony with nature. Respect for the environment is discussed.
- Freedom of the human person, including lessons on free will, voluntary actions and their consequences, and arguments for and against freedom of the will.
- Intersubjectivity, which examines human relationships and interactions between people.
Various learning activities are suggested such as poster making, travelogue creation, and recycling projects to reinforce the lessons. The document outlines rationales, objectives and content for each topic area.
Plato's Allegory of the Cave describes prisoners chained in a cave seeing only shadows on the cave wall from objects carried behind them. The prisoners believe the shadows are reality. When one prisoner escapes and sees the true objects, he realizes the shadows were an illusion. Similarly, our everyday perceptions are like the shadows, while true knowledge comes from contemplating the forms, or true nature of reality outside the cave.
This document provides an overview of philosophy, including:
1) The origin and definition of philosophy, tracing back to ancient Greek philosophers and meaning "love of wisdom." Philosophy arises from wonder, curiosity, and a desire to understand.
2) The main branches of philosophy are discussed - ethics, logic, epistemology, metaphysics, and aesthetics. Each branch focuses on fundamental questions about its topic.
3) Reflection and questioning oneself are presented as important aspects of engaging with philosophy. Philosophers encourage examining one's life, experiences, beliefs and assumptions.
The Human Person as an Embodied Spirit: Limitations and TranscendenceAntonio Delgado
The document discusses the human person as an embodied spirit with limitations. It explains that human existence is embodied, and consciousness and embodiment are necessary for subjectivity, emotion, language, thought, and social interaction. It outlines three main limitations of humans as embodied spirits: 1) facticity, which refers to the unchangeable aspects of one's life and circumstances; 2) being spatial-temporal beings with limitations of time and an inability to be in two places at once; and 3) the body acting as an intermediary between our minds and the world in a limiting way.
This document discusses different philosophical methods for determining truth: phenomenology bases truth on consciousness; existentialism bases it on personal freedom and choice; postmodernism rejects absolute truth and emphasizes cultures and power structures; analytic tradition views language as socially constructed. It also discusses logic and critical thinking as tools to reason, distinguish facts from opinions, and identify fallacies. Logical arguments can be deductive, moving from general premises to specific conclusions, or inductive, using observations to make probable claims.
This document provides an introduction to the philosophy of the human person. It defines philosophy as the love of wisdom and as the study of first principles and highest causes using reason. The document outlines some key branches of philosophy including metaphysics, ethics, epistemology, logic, and aesthetics. It encourages becoming a philosopher to attain a comprehensive outlook on life and discusses expanding philosophical frames using Western, Chinese, Indian, and attitudinal perspectives. The document also addresses some aspects of Filipino thinking and values. It emphasizes the importance of transcending to a life of abundance through scattering wisdom rather than gathering and emphasizing sharing over keeping or holding. The document promotes philosophical reflection on whether philosophy remains important in an age of globalization.
In what way can you change or improve your behavior so that you will be better able to uphold human freedom? Freedom is an intrinsic and essential property of the person.
Person by nature is a free being and that it is in his or her nature to seek freedomImportant indicators of human freedom:
Ability to make choices
Perform actions Freedom is also understood as the power to be what you want to be and the ability to decide and create yourself.
Freedom is rooted in the human person’s self-determination and the exercise of intellect and free will.
Absence of any physical restraint. He/she is not impeded in his/her actions by any physical force.
Philosophy investigates fundamental questions about reality, knowledge, ethics, politics, and aesthetics. It uses human reason to understand ultimate causes and principles that govern all things. A philosopher is a lover of wisdom who asks questions to acquire a deeper understanding and seeks to integrate different areas of knowledge into a coherent whole. Philosophy began in ancient Greece, with Thales of Miletus considered the first Western philosopher.
This document provides an introduction to philosophy and its branches. It defines philosophy as the love of wisdom and the study of ultimate causes and principles through reason. The main branches of philosophy are outlined as metaphysics, ethics, epistemology, logic, and aesthetics. Metaphysics considers ultimate reality, ethics examines morality, epistemology studies knowledge, logic analyzes reasoning, and aesthetics considers beauty. The document encourages the study of philosophy for attaining a comprehensive outlook in life and stresses its importance in the age of globalization.
The document discusses the philosopher's holistic worldview that sees the world as interconnected, interdependent, and integrated in many ways. It then provides an example of the blind men and the elephant, where each man touches a different part of the elephant and claims to understand it fully based on their partial experience, showing the limitations of a partial point of view. Finally, it argues that using a holistic perspective that considers all available points of view is more desirable in philosophy than any single partial point of view.
This course aims to help students better understand the self through exploring issues of identity from both personal and academic perspectives. It is divided into three parts: perspectives on the self from different disciplines; examining the various aspects that comprise the self; and learning how to manage and care for the self. By the end of the course, students will understand conceptualizations of the self from fields like philosophy, sociology, and psychology. They will also explore topics like the biological, material, and digital aspects of identity and learn skills for self-regulated learning, goal setting, and stress management.
This document discusses and compares Western and non-Western philosophical traditions. It notes that Greek, Indian, and Chinese philosophy all arose as critical reflections of their own cultural traditions, with Asian classics predating Western classics. It then outlines some key differences in thinking between Western and Eastern traditions, such as linear vs circular reasoning. The document also summarizes some concepts in Filipino philosophy like "loob" (holistic inner dimension), views of time, and "bahala na" (fatalism). It concludes with discussions on pursuing an abundant life through giving to others, choosing abundance over materialism, and evolving into a higher being.
This document discusses the meaning and branches of philosophy. It defines philosophy as the science that studies first causes and principles of all things using natural human reason. The main branches of philosophy are described as metaphysics, ethics, epistemology, logic, and aesthetics. Examples of influential philosophers are provided for each branch, such as Plato for metaphysics, Socrates for ethics, and Aristotle for logic. The document aims to help recognize activities that stem from reflection, understand philosophy's value in life perspectives, and do a philosophical reflection on a situation.
This document discusses the meaning and branches of philosophy. It defines philosophy as the study of fundamental problems and principles through reason rather than empirical means. The key branches of philosophy are described as metaphysics, ethics, epistemology, logic, and aesthetics. Examples of influential philosophers are provided for each branch, such as Plato for metaphysics, Socrates for ethics, and Aristotle for logic. The document aims to help readers understand the importance and role of philosophy through both its historical foundations and application across different domains of knowledge.
This document provides an overview of philosophy and key philosophers. It defines philosophy as the study of fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. It discusses important ancient Greek philosophers like Pythagoras and Plato. It also explains the difference between holistic and partial thinking. Philosophy allows one to gain a broad perspective on life by developing reflective thinking skills to evaluate decisions and viewpoints. The need to philosophize stems from experiences, doubt, and wonder. It concludes by discussing branches of philosophy and the value of philosophical reflection.
This document provides an introduction to world religions and belief systems. It begins with a pretest to assess the reader's understanding. It then defines key terms like worldview, belief system, religion, spirituality, and theology. It discusses how worldviews are shaped by religions and describes some major belief systems like monism, monotheism, atheism, polytheism, and theism. The document also explores the relationship between religion and geography, noting how many major faiths originated in Asia and were then spread by geographical factors. It provides examples of sacred places in different religious traditions and discusses the interplay between culture and religion.
This document provides information on several famous ancient philosophers and branches of philosophy. It discusses philosophers such as Pythagoras, Heraclitus, Democritus, Diogenes of Sinope, Epicurus, Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. It also outlines some key branches of philosophy including aesthetics, logic, epistemology, ethics, political philosophy, metaphysics, and philosophy of the human person. Additionally, it discusses the value of philosophy in obtaining a broad perspective on life and developing critical thinking skills.
This document provides an introduction to philosophy. It defines philosophy as the love of wisdom and the study of fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. The document outlines several key branches of philosophy, including metaphysics, ethics, epistemology, logic, aesthetics, political philosophy, and the philosophy of the human person. It also discusses influential ancient Greek philosophers such as Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle and their important contributions to different areas of philosophy.
The document outlines different philosophical perspectives on the concept of the self from Oriental and Western traditions. It discusses the "Avocado View" which sees the self as having an essential core or seed, like the seed of an avocado, that contains the essential qualities and nature of that entity. It then examines perspectives from the Judaic/Christian traditions, Greek rationalist tradition of Plato and Aristotle, the theocentric tradition of St. Augustine, and perspectives from the modern period.
This document discusses the meaning and importance of philosophy. It begins by defining philosophy as the love of wisdom and the pursuit of truth. It explores the origins and evolving definitions of philosophy over time. The document then outlines several reasons why philosophy is important, including that it enables clear thinking about important issues, sharpens analytical abilities, and prompts thinking across disciplines. It emphasizes that studying philosophy helps with personal development by giving a unique perspective and intellectual freedom from biases. The most important reason given for studying philosophy is that it transforms one's mind by considering basic questions about reality and existence.
The document discusses Eastern and Western thoughts on the self. In Eastern thoughts, Buddhism views the self as an illusion born of ignorance, while Confucianism sees the self as interwoven with community and social status. Taoism envisions an ideal selfless self balanced with society and nature. Western thoughts see a separate, individual self and focus on personal achievement, while Eastern thoughts emphasize collective culture and social relations. The document also notes variations that may exist among Filipino regions and perceptions due to colonization experiences.
The document discusses several philosophical perspectives on education including idealism, pragmatism, humanism, and realism. It outlines key thinkers who advocated different philosophies and their views on curriculum, teaching methods, and implications for education. Idealism is discussed in depth, noting it prioritizes spiritual and ideal concepts over material things. Educational implications of idealism include self-realization, spiritual development, inculcating values, and universal education. Subjects like language, art, and ethics are recommended to attain ideals of truth, beauty, and goodness.
This document provides an introduction to the philosophy of the human person. It defines philosophy and discusses its main branches, including metaphysics, ethics, and epistemology. It also examines key principles of philosophy like the principles of identity, non-contradiction, and sufficient reason. Additionally, it explores concepts in Filipino philosophy such as loob, utang na loob, and bahala na. Finally, it discusses the idea of abundance in philosophy, describing abundance as something that comes from scattering rather than gathering and is found in sharing rather than holding.
This document provides an introduction to the philosophy of the human person. It defines philosophy as the love of wisdom and the science that studies first causes and principles of all things using natural reason. The main branches of philosophy are discussed, including metaphysics, ethics, epistemology, logic, and aesthetics. Examples of influential philosophers in each branch like Plato, Aristotle, and Kant are provided. The document concludes with discussion questions about the importance and applications of philosophy.
Trusting God's Providence | Verse: Romans 8: 28-31JL de Belen
Trusting God's Providence.
Providence - God’s active preservation and care over His creation. God is both the Creator and the Sustainer of all things Heb. 1:2-3; Col. 1:17
-God keep His promises.
-God’s general providence is toward all creation
- All things were made through Him
God’s special providence is toward His children.
We may suffer now, but joy can and will come
God can see what we cannot see
The Book of Samuel is a book in the Hebrew Bible, found as two books in the Old Testament. The book is part of the Deuteronomistic history, a series of books that constitute a theological history of the Israelites and that aim to explain God's law for Israel under the guidance of the prophets.
2nd issue of Volume 15. A magazine in urdu language mainly based on spiritual treatment and learning. Many topics on ISLAM, SUFISM, SOCIAL PROBLEMS, SELF HELP, PSYCHOLOGY, HEALTH, SPIRITUAL TREATMENT, Ruqya etc.A very useful magazine for everyone.
Lesson 12 - The Blessed Hope: The Mark of the Christian.pptxCelso Napoleon
Lesson 12 - The Blessed Hope: The Mark of the Christian
SBS – Sunday Bible School
Adult Bible Lessons 2nd quarter 2024 CPAD
MAGAZINE: THE CAREER THAT IS PROPOSED TO US: The Path of Salvation, Holiness and Perseverance to Reach Heaven
Commentator: Pastor Osiel Gomes
Presentation: Missionary Celso Napoleon
Renewed in Grace
Astronism, Cosmism and Cosmodeism: the space religions espousing the doctrine...Cometan
This lecture created by Brandon Taylorian (aka Cometan) specially for the CESNUR Conference held Bordeaux in June 2024 provides a brief introduction to the legacy of religious and philosophical thought that Astronism emerges from, namely the discourse on transcension started assuredly by the Cosmists in Russia in the mid-to-late nineteenth century and then carried on and developed by Mordecai Nessyahu in Cosmodeism in the twentieth century. Cometan also then provides some detail on his story in founding Astronism in the early twenty-first century from 2013 along with details on the central Astronist doctrine of transcension. Finally, the lecture concludes with some contributions made by space religions and space philosophy and their influences on various cultural facets in art, literature and film.
The Vulnerabilities of Individuals Born Under Swati Nakshatra.pdfAstroAnuradha
Individuals born under Swati Nakshatra often exhibit a strong sense of independence and adaptability, yet they may also face vulnerabilities such as indecisiveness and a tendency to be easily swayed by external influences. Their quest for balance and harmony can sometimes lead to inner conflict and a lack of assertiveness. To know more visit: astroanuradha.com
Lucid Dreaming: Understanding the Risks and Benefits
The ability to control one's dreams or for the dreamer to be aware that he or she is dreaming. This process, called lucid dreaming, has some potential risks as well as many fascinating benefits. However, many people are hesitant to try it initially for fear of the potential dangers. This article aims to clarify these concerns by exploring both the risks and benefits of lucid dreaming.
The Benefits of Lucid Dreaming
Lucid dreaming allows a person to take control of their dream world, helping them overcome their fears and eliminate nightmares. This technique is particularly useful for mental health. By taking control of their dreams, individuals can face challenging scenarios in a controlled environment, which can help reduce anxiety and increase self-confidence.
Addressing Common Concerns
Physical Harm in Dreams Lucid dreaming is fundamentally safe. In a lucid dream, everything is a creation of your mind. Therefore, nothing in the dream can physically harm you. Despite the vividness and realness of the dream experience, it remains entirely within your mental landscape, posing no physical danger.
Mental Health Risks Concerns about developing PTSD or other mental illnesses from lucid dreaming are unfounded. As soon as you wake up, it's clear that the events experienced in the dream were not real. On the contrary, lucid dreaming is often seen as a therapeutic tool for conditions like PTSD, as it allows individuals to reframe and manage their thoughts.
Potential Risks of Lucid Dreaming
While generally safe, lucid dreaming does come with a few risks as well:
Mixing Dream Memories with Reality Long-term lucid dreamers might occasionally confuse dream memories with real ones, creating false memories. This issue is rare and preventable by maintaining a dream journal and avoiding lucid dreaming about real-life people or places too frequently.
Escapism Using lucid dreaming to escape reality can be problematic if it interferes with your daily life. While it is sometimes beneficial to escape and relieve the stress of reality, relying on lucid dreaming for happiness can hinder personal growth and productivity.
Feeling Tired After Lucid Dreaming Some people report feeling tired after lucid dreaming. This tiredness is not due to the dreams themselves but often results from not getting enough sleep or using techniques that disrupt sleep patterns. Taking breaks and ensuring adequate sleep can prevent this.
Mental Exhaustion Lucid dreaming can be mentally taxing if practiced excessively without breaks. It’s important to balance lucid dreaming with regular sleep to avoid mental fatigue.
Lucid dreaming is safe and beneficial if done with caution. It has many benefits, such as overcoming fear and improving mental health, and minimal risks. There are many resources and tutorials available for those interested in trying it.
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Santan Vastu Provides Vedic astrology courses & Vastu remedies, If you are searching Vastu for home, Vastu for kitchen, Vastu for house, Vastu for Office & Factory. Best Vastu in Bahadurgarh. Best Vastu in Delhi NCR
Heartfulness Magazine - June 2024 (Volume 9, Issue 6)heartfulness
Dear readers,
This month we continue with more inspiring talks from the Global Spirituality Mahotsav that was held from March 14 to 17, 2024, at Kanha Shanti Vanam.
We hear from Daaji on lifestyle and yoga in honor of International Day of Yoga, June 21, 2024. We also hear from Professor Bhavani Rao, Dean at Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, on spirituality in action, the Venerable BhikkuSanghasena on how to be an ambassador for compassion, Dr. Tony Nader on the Maharishi Effect, Swami Mukundananda on the crossroads of modernization, Tejinder Kaur Basra on the purpose of work, the Venerable GesheDorjiDamdul on the psychology of peace, the Rt. Hon. Patricia Scotland, KC, Secretary-General of the Commonwealth, on how we are all related, and world-renowned violinist KumareshRajagopalan on the uplifting mysteries of music.
Dr. Prasad Veluthanar shares an Ayurvedic perspective on treating autism, Dr. IchakAdizes helps us navigate disagreements at work, Sravan Banda celebrates World Environment Day by sharing some tips on land restoration, and Sara Bubber tells our children another inspiring story and challenges them with some fun facts and riddles.
Happy reading,
The editors
Chandra Dev: Unveiling the Mystery of the Moon GodExotic India
Shining brightly in the sky, some days more than others, the Moon in popular culture is a symbol of love, romance, and beauty. The ancient Hindu texts, however, mention the Moon as an intriguing and powerful being, worshiped by sages as Chandra.
7. • One of the key elements in many educational reforms is
DIVERSITY, DIFFERENCE and CHOICE or other proposals
that establish separate curricular routes for different
groups or individuals.
• DIVERSITY , is the difference that makes each person
unique, (e.g. BIOLOGY , ETHNICITY, and CULTURE, FAMILY
LIFE , BELIEFS , GEOGRAPHY , EXPERIENCES and
RELIGION ).
8. • Philosophy comes from the ancient Greek word
"philosophia" and was probably coined by Pythagoras and
literally means "love of wisdom" or "friend of wisdom"
• Greek Origin: "Philos" means Love; "Sophia" means
"wisdom"
• Wisdom is the goal of Philosophy.
9. • PHILOSOPHY IS also defined as the science that by
natural light of reason studies the first causes or highest
principles of all things.
10. FOUR THINGS TO BE CONSIDERED
• SCIENCE - It is called science because the investigation is systematic,
follows certain steps or it employs certain procedures, organized
body of knowledge just like any other sciences .
• NATURAL LIGHT OF REASON - Philosophy investigates things , not by
using any laboratory instrument or investigative tools, neither on the
basis of supernatural revelation, otherwise it becomes theology;
instead the Philosopher uses his natural capacity to think or simply,
human reason alone or the so-called unaided reason
11. FOUR THINGS TO BE CONSIDERED
3. STUDY OF ALL THINGS - This sets the distinction between Philosophy
from other sciences. All other sciences concern themselves with a
particular object of investigation.
4. FIRST CAUSE OR HIGHEST PRINCIPLE
12. FOUR THINGS TO BE CONSIDERED
4. FIRST CAUSE OR HIGHEST PRINCIPLE
A. Principle of Identity
It states that each thing is identical with itself. By this it is meant that
each thing (be it a universal or a particular) is composed of its own
unique set of characteristic qualities or features, which the ancient
Greeks called its essence. WHAT IS IS ; WHATEVER IS NOT IS NOT.
EVERYTHING IS ITS OWN BEING.
B. Principle of Non-Contradiction
13. FOUR THINGS TO BE CONSIDERED
4. FIRST CAUSE OR HIGHEST PRINCIPLE
B. Principle of Non-Contradiction- It states that contradictory statements
cannot both be true in the same sense at the same time, e.g. the two
propositions "A is B" and "A is not B" are mutually exclusive.
C. Principle of Excluded Middle - It is impossible for a thing to be and not
to be at the same time and at the same respect.
14. FOUR THINGS TO BE CONSIDERED
4. FIRST CAUSE OR HIGHEST PRINCIPLE
D. Principle of Sufficient Reason - nothing exist without a sufficient
reason for its being and existence. states that everything must have a
reason or a cause.
15. PHILOSOPHY AS THE MOTHER DISCIPLINE
• Philosophy is the mother discipline out of which the other sciences
emerge.
• According to Warner, philosophy emerge as something revolutionary
since their mythological explanation about the nature of the universe
would be set aside in favor of more coherent and rational one.
16. Thales
• He is a man from a fishing Village in Miletus
started to diverge from the the mythological
tradition and sought to answer questions like,
"What is the underlying substance that the
reality made of?", "How do things come to be,
change and pass away?", "
Father of Western Philosophy
17. Thales
• For Thales, the underlying Substance that the
reality is made of must be water, because
water is everywhere.
Father of Western Philosophy
23. Ethics
It is a branch of philosophy that explores the nature
of moral virtue and evaluates human actions.
It is generally a study of the nature of moral
judgements.
28. Logic
Reasoning is the concern of the logician. This could
be reasoning in science and medicine, in ethics, and
law, in politics and commerce, in sports and games
and in the mundane affairs of everyday living.
29. Logic
The term logic comes from the Greek word "logike"
and was coined by Zeno, the Stoic.
Etymologically, it means a treatise on matters
pertaining to the human thought.
30.
31.
32. Aesthetics
It is the science of the beautiful in its various
manifestations including the sublime, comic, tragic,
pathetic, and ugly.
34. Many Philosophers hold that there are three great
original centers of philosophy in the world..
Greek (Western) Indian Chinese
35. • Historically speaking, Asian classics of the Indians
and the Chinese predated the oldest western
classics.
• Indian and Chinese philosophers lived earlier that
their Greek counterparts.
Greek (Western) Indian Chinese
37. SOCRATES PLATO ARISTOTLE
Greek Triumvirate
• During their time, the western
thinkers started to indulge in
feverish philosophical
speculation, whereas the Asian
thinkers began diminishing
philosophical activities.
• In our present century, almost
all major philosophical ideas
emanate from Western thinkers.
38. THOUGHTS FOR DISCUSSION
Western and Non-western Tradition
The challenges of the global information age cannot be understood
by oversimplification. One size does not fit at all. There are
multiple of cultures and there are different types of stated in terms
of modern economic modernization. Certainly, the culture of the
“east” is very different from that of the “west” but that doesn’t
mean each culture is incapable of understanding certain features of
the other.
39. THOUGHTS FOR DISCUSSION
Western and Non-western Tradition
As the world become “smaller”, it is increasingly important to
develop an understanding of culture centers around the globe that
are very different from our own. Each society or culture has it’s
own ideas of itself, a definition of what is important in life, and its
own notions of what the world is like in general terms; thus, each
society or culture can be said to have its own “philosophy”
40. A. Filipino Thinking: From Local to Global
• Filipinos do have their own philosophy.
• THREE DIMENSIONS
1. Loob
2. Filipino Philosophy of Time
3. Bahala na
These attitudes and values constitute the hidden springs of the
Filipino mind.
41. A. Filipino Thinking: From Local to Global
1. Loob: Holistic and Interior Dimension
• Kagandahang-loob, kabutihang loob, and kalooban are terms
that show sharing one’s self to others.
• Loob puts one in touch with his fellow beings.
• Filipino Generally believes in the innate goodness of the human
being.
42. A. Filipino Thinking: From Local to Global
2. Filipino Philosophy of time
• The Filipino proves that he believes in the gulong ng palad (Wheel
of Fortune), meaning, Filipino looks at life as a series of ups and
downs.
• This Philosophy of life makes the Filipino an unmitigated optimist.
43. A. Filipino Thinking: From Local to Global
3. Bahala Na
• The Filipino puts his entire trust in this Bathala who has involved
into the Christian God.
• Bahala Na means to leave everything to God who is Bathala in the
vernacular.
• The Bahala Na Philosophy puts complete trust in the Divine
Providence.
44. A. Filipino Thinking: From Local to Global
4. Filipino Thought and Values: Positive and Negative Aspects
• Utang na Loob (indebtedness to patrons)
• Endurance and Hardwork as means to economic self-suffiency.
• Bayanihan or helping others in times of need.
45. B. Philosophy: Transcending and Aiming for a life of
Abundance.
• Abundance comes from the latin term, “Abundare”, meaning to
overflow nonstop
• According to Aguilar’s The Gift of Abundance, Abundance is out
flowing than incoming. It is not about material things or people
but our relationship with others, ourselves, and with nature.
46. B. Philosophy: Transcending and Aiming for a life of
Abundance.
According to Aguilar’s The Gift of Abundance
• Abundance is not what we gather but what we scatter.
• Abundance is not what we keep but what we give away.
• Abundance is not what we hold but what we share.
• Abundance is a choice.
• Abundance is to evolve into higher being.
47. 1. Which branch of philosophy deals with arguments?
2. What Filipino value puts one in touch with one’s fellow
beings and is essentially interpersonal.
3. Which branch of Philosophy evaluates human actions?
4. The issue of whether Nora Aunor deserves to a National
Artist falls under which branch of philosophy?
5. Etymologically, what does philo mean?
6-8 Who consist the Greek triumvirate
9. “Virtual Reality vs.The Real Thing” is under which branch
of philosophy?
10. What kind of Filipino philosophy?" wherein Filipino
believes gulong ng palad.