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EMR software allow the transfer of data from anywhere to any place, in the shortest possible time, to enable doctors across the globe to take care of their patients in a much better way than before. This has been made possible through the wide usage of EMRs. Implementation of EMR, that has been a personal preference hitherto, may be mandated in the medical service over time.
As electronic exchange of information facilitates better service for patients and supports physicians as well, it is no wonder that a major portion of the medical professionals are beginning to lean more toward EMR as their preferred system. Quick access, reliability, ‘anytime and anywhere’ reach are the main factors that make EMRs popular among today’s learned medicos. At times, it becomes necessary to share patient details using EMRs, when patients need medical attention from different doctors. EMR involves sharing individual information over the digital media. This calls for a cautious and secure exchange of data.
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How EMR can connect You and Your Doctor?75health .com
EMR software allow the transfer of data from anywhere to any place, in the shortest possible time, to enable doctors across the globe to take care of their patients in a much better way than before. This has been made possible through the wide usage of EMRs. Implementation of EMR, that has been a personal preference hitherto, may be mandated in the medical service over time.
As electronic exchange of information facilitates better service for patients and supports physicians as well, it is no wonder that a major portion of the medical professionals are beginning to lean more toward EMR as their preferred system. Quick access, reliability, ‘anytime and anywhere’ reach are the main factors that make EMRs popular among today’s learned medicos. At times, it becomes necessary to share patient details using EMRs, when patients need medical attention from different doctors. EMR involves sharing individual information over the digital media. This calls for a cautious and secure exchange of data.
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The Learning Health System: Thinking and Acting Across ScalesPhilip Payne
A Learning Health System (LHS) can be defined as an environment in which knowledge generation processes are embedded into daily clinical practice in order to continually improve the quality, safety, and outcomes of healthcare delivery. While still largely an aspirational goal, the promise of the LHS is a future in which every patient encounter is an opportunity to learn and improve that patient’s care, as well as the care their family and broader community receives. The foundation for building such an LHS can and should be the Electronic Health Record (EHR), which provides the basis for the comprehensive instrumentation and measurement of clinical phenotypes, as well as a means of delivering new evidence at the patient- and population levels. In this presentation, we will explore the ways in which such EHR-derived phenotypes can be combined with complementary data across a spectrum from biomolecules to population level trends, to both generate insights and deliver such knowledge in the right time, place, and format, ultimately improving clinical outcomes and value.
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Peter Embi: Leveraging Informatics to Create a Learning Health System
1. Leveraging Informatics to Create
a Learning Health System
Peter J. Embi, MD, MS, FACP, FACMI
President and CEO, Regenstrief Institute
Sam Regenstrief Professor of Medicine
Associate Dean for Informatics and Health Services Research
Vice-President for Learning Health Systems, IU Health
July 19, 2017
Santiago, Chile
2. Applying and Generating
Evidence
• Goal of Health Informatics and Health IT
• To improve human health
• Healthcare, population health, and research
• Focus of clinicians, hospitals, clinics, payors
• “Research” = our evidence base
• Aspects of “research” at the “point-of-care”
• Two main aspects to this:
• 1. Delivering knowledge to point-of-care
• 2. To practice EBM, must generate evidence
• Multiple initiatives in USA focused on this…
• Precision Medicine, Cancer “moonshot”,
Patient-centered outcomes research
initiatives (PCORI), etc.
3.
4. Data relevant to health
• Data relevant to health largely beyond traditionally
collected healthcare data
5. Source: What Makes Us Healthy versus What We
Spend on Being Healthy. Bipartisan Policy Center.
(2017, April 20). Retrieved from
https://bipartisanpolicy.org/library/what-makes-
us-healthy-vs-what-we-spend-on-being-healthy/
6. Exposome Inforamtics
• Environment’s contribution to health has been
conceptualized as the exposome.
• Determinant potential of physio-pathological
processes rising as data increasingly available
• The growth of miniaturized sensing devices
• Accessible, affordable, expanding
• Biomedical informatics must provide a coherent
framework for dealing with multi-scale
population data including:
• Phenome, Genome, Exposome, and their
interconnections.
From: MICHAEL WARAKSA:
MAPPING THE EXPOSOME
10. From: An informatics research agenda to support precision medicine: seven key areas
J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2016;23(4):791-795. doi:10.1093/jamia/ocv213
11. Challenges to a “Learning Health System”
• Leveraging existing data for research and Quality–opportunities
• Clinical phenotype and outcomes
• Administrative and fiscal variables
• Bio-molecular markers
• Patient-reported variables
• Data often collected, stored for clinical care, administrative, not research
purposes
• Data often incomplete, unreliable
• Key data often stored narratively, not discretely
• Data often difficult to access
• Research often requires integration across sites
• Informatics efforts address some of these…
12. Efforts to address challenges – Learn as we go
Initiatives aim to leverage digital clinical data for research and
improvement
EHR implementation and meaningful use
Data Warehousing Efforts
Registries and Data Networks
Health Information Exchanges
Outcomes and CER initiatives
Many engaging practitioners and leverage EHRs, data for research
Progress being made, but remains very challenging
• Many, not all challenges are “technical”
• Many socio-organizational, regulatory, cultural
• Make leveraging existing systems for research difficult
• Embedding “learning” into systems/workflow, a major challenge
13. The Current Research-Practice Paradigm
and a Learning Health System
• Challenge and opportunities today
• Informed by EBM:
• Clinical care and research are distinct activities
• Activities overlap mainly at application of evidence
• Information flow/influence is unidirectional
• Research influences Practice (e.g. EBM)
• We know this is no longer the case, but
• Persistence of this paradigm impedes progress
Research EBM
14. Traditional path from generation of
evidence to its application
Haynes, B. et al. BMJ 1998;317:273-276
15. Research-Practice Paradigm – EBM+EGM
• Clinical care activities not entirely distinct
from research activities
• Must consider EGM when we practice to
advance science and care
• Many EGM activities ongoing and need
support to achieve goals
• Advancing EGM is critical to completing
the EBM lifecycle
• Multiples enabling factors and
stakeholders key to making this reality
Embi PJ and Payne PR. Medical Care. Aug 2013
16. National Health IT for a Learning Health System
“A nationwide network. Meaningful use of EHRs, widespread participation by multiple
diverse entities, and an appropriate technical architecture can spur the construction of
a highly participatory rapid learning system that stretches from coast to coast.”
Friedman CP et al. Sci Transl Med 2010
19. Local
Learning
Health
System
Informatics
& Health IT
People &
Cultural
Issues
Fiscal &
Incentives
Systems &
Workflow
issues
Local
Learning
Health
System
Local
Learning
Health
System
Local
Learning
Health
System
Realizing Evidence Generating Medicine
to Enable the Learning Health System
20. Scholarly and Operational Emphasis Areas
1) Studying linkages between molecules
and populations
2) Developing tools and methods to
enable “evidence generating
medicine” paradigm
3) Building bridges to the health system
4) Implementing and studying solutions
in the healthcare delivery
environment and working with IT in
order to do so
Embi, Peter J., Payne, Philip R.O. "Evidence generating medicine: redefining
the research-practice relationship to complete the evidence cycle." Medical
care 51 (2013): S87-S91.
21. Virtuous Cycle of Evidence Generation and Application
Embi, Peter J., Payne, Philip R.O. "Evidence generating medicine: redefining
the research-practice relationship to complete the evidence cycle." Medical
care 51 (2013): S87-S91.
22. Realizing EGM/LHS:
Informatics can help enable
• There are challenges to overcome
• Tools for advancing point-of-care EGM limited
• Work with EHRs to develop better approaches
• Data quality often inadequate
• Work with practitioners, patients and systems
• Systems and regulations often developed and implemented with
little-no concern for research implications
• Informaticians, clinicians, researchers need to be involved in design/implementation
• Socio-organizational…
23. Advancing EGM:
Socio-organizational issues & EGM
• Information issues only part of the solution
• Must consider issues at several levels
• Policy level
• Systems level
• Individual level
• By valuing EGM as part of
Evidence cycle, we can begin
to assure proper alignment
of goals and systems
Policy: Local, Regulatory, Payment
Alignment
Systems: Hospitals, Practices,
Vendors
Individual/Community: Public,
Patients, Physicians, Nurses
24. Leverage Informatics to Create a Learning Health System
• As Informaticians, we must support
EGM
• Need to study how to enable EGM
• Design and develop
systems/approaches that facilitate
practice and learning
• Train informatics/healthcare workforce
to do this routinely
• Create a virtuous cycle of activities to
advance healthcare, quality and
research – powered by Informatics…
Embi, Peter J., Payne, Philip R.O. "Evidence generating medicine: redefining
the research-practice relationship to complete the evidence cycle." Medical
care 51 (2013): S87-S91.