1. Physical and MentalPhysical and Mental
CapacityCapacity
The components of fitness and a healthy, balanced
lifestyle
2. Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives
Identify the health related components of fitness
Describe the components
Explain how an active, healthy and balanced lifestyle
affects each component
3. Health Related Components ofHealth Related Components of
FitnessFitness
◦ If you follow a healthy, balanced lifestyle your
health and fitness will benefit.
◦ We’ll look at the components that will be affected
by being healthy and fit:
1. Cardiovascular endurance or Stamina
2. Muscular endurance
3. Speed
4. Strength
5. Flexibility
10. Muscular EnduranceMuscular Endurance
Ability for the muscle or groups of muscles to
repeatedly contract or keep going without resting
If you are healthy and have a balanced lifestyle, you
should be able to go for a longer time – why?
You should have a greater AEROBIC potential. What is
this?
Getting energy using OXYGEN and glucose (food)
11. Muscular EnduranceMuscular Endurance
Activities like long distance swimming and running can
enlarge SLOW TWITCH fibres
These produce energy over a long period of time
So marathon runners etc... Have more of these than
sprinters
12. Muscular EnduranceMuscular Endurance
The onset of fatigue (you don’t become tired easily) is
slowed down, because your maximum uptake of oxygen is
higher (VO2 max is high)
13.
14. Muscular enduranceMuscular endurance
Muscles are healthier - so the size and number of
MITOCHONDRIA are increased.
This is were energy is produced in the muscle. If you
exercise more – you will produce more of these in
your muscle.
15. Muscular EnduranceMuscular Endurance
Exercise will also increase the amount of myoglobin in the
muscle cell
This is a specific type of haemoglobin, in the muscles that
carry oxygen to the mitochondria
16. Muscular EnduranceMuscular Endurance
There will also be some ANAEROBIC adaption's, e.g. If
you do a lot of sprinting or weight lifting.
You will gain more FAST TWITCH fibres (HYPERTROPHY)
Your heart is a muscle and will grow if you exercise too...
This is called CARDIAC HYPERTROPHY
18. SpeedSpeed
The ability of the body to move quickly
This can be the whole body or parts of the body. E.G.
Bowling in cricket
As a part of a healthy lifestyle this is important too –
e.g. Running after a bus
19. SpeedSpeed
If you are a healthy person, speed is affected because;
Your heart and lungs are more efficient
20. SpeedSpeed
If you are a healthy person, speed is affected because;
Muscles can move quicker, because more energy is
available
21. SpeedSpeed
If you are a healthy person, speed is affected because;
More energy is available because your muscles ar more
efficient at producing energy
22. SpeedSpeed
If you are a healthy person, speed is affected because;
Joints are healthier and move freely
23. StrengthStrength
The ability of the muscular system to exert force for a
short period of time.
The amount of force depends on
◦ The size
◦ Number
◦ Co-ordination
◦ Type
Of the muscle
As part of a healthy lifestyle you should have enough
strength to left and carry objects.
It’s also an asset in most sports, E.G.
Hitting a ball etc...
24. StrengthStrength
With healthy lifestyle strength is improved because:
Doing lots of activities like cycling/swimming/running
can enlarge your slow twitch fibres so you can produce
more energy
25. StrengthStrength
With healthy lifestyle strength is improved because:
Size and number of mitochondria increases, so does
the myoglobin content in the muscle
26. StrengthStrength
With healthy lifestyle strength is improved because:
Anaerobic benefits to muscles, with activities like
sprinting – muscles get bigger (HYERTROPHY)
What is hypertrophy?
It means that muscle get bigger through training
27. FlexibilityFlexibility
The amount or range of movement that you have
around a joint
The structure of a joint will restrict the movement as
well as the muscle, tendon and ligaments
As part of a healthy lifestyle this is important because
it prevents strains and you will be able to move faster
and more effectively.
During everyday activity you are less likely to injure
yourself
31. FlexibilityFlexibility
A healthy, balanced lifestyle improves flexibility
because
The more the body is used to stretching, the further it
will be able to stretch later
32.
33. Having a healthy lifestyleHaving a healthy lifestyle
Many people try to have a healthy lifestyle.
What are the benefits?
Pg 38
34. Having a healthy lifestyleHaving a healthy lifestyle
You need to be able to explain what a healthy balanced
lifestyle is. (Pg 38)
You also need to be able to give some example (sport
and non-sport)
