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The document discusses the control of breathing, including that the respiratory centre in the medulla oblongata controls the rate and depth of breathing through neural and chemical changes. At rest, the inspiratory centre sends impulses to the diaphragm and external intercostals muscles to contract and breathe in for 2 seconds, then the muscles relax to breathe out. Chemoreceptors in the carotid artery and aortic arch monitor blood acidity and stimulate increased ventilation when acidity rises.
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Body system used in soccer
This document summarizes the key muscle groups and energy systems used in soccer. It discusses the oxygen, intermediate, and glycolytic energy systems that provide energy. The major muscle groups discussed are the arms, core, thighs, and legs. The arms help with shielding the ball and throwing it in. The core provides balance and stamina. The thighs' quadriceps and hamstrings provide power and energy for sprinting. The calf muscle allows for kicking and running. Soccer requires fluid and carbohydrate replacement to prevent depletion over a 90-minute match in varying temperatures.
Body system used in soccer
There are three main energy systems used in soccer - the oxygen, intermediate, and glycolytic systems. The oxygen system provides long-term energy through oxidation of fuels with oxygen. The intermediate system generates energy without oxygen using ATP and creatine phosphate. The glycolytic system also generates energy without oxygen by breaking down glycogen. Strong arm, core, thigh, and leg muscles are important for soccer. The respiratory system supplies oxygen to working muscles through the mouth, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli.
Body system used in soccer
The document discusses the energy systems and muscles used in soccer. It explains that soccer relies on the oxygen, intermediate, and glycolytic energy systems. It also describes the major muscle groups involved - the arms for shielding and throwing, core for balance and stamina, thighs including the quadriceps and hamstrings, and legs including the calves. The document stresses the importance of fluid intake for soccer players due to sweat losses.
Body systems used in Tennis by Cameron Campisi
The document discusses the various body systems used in tennis, including the skeletal, muscular, energy, circulatory and respiratory systems. It provides details on the specific bones, joints, muscles involved and how they support tennis skills like serving, returning balls, and rapid movement. It also explains how the energy, circulatory and respiratory systems work together to deliver oxygen to muscles and remove waste during the anaerobic bursts of activity common in tennis. Proper hydration is also emphasized to support the efficient function of these body systems during a tennis match.
PEShare.co.uk Shared Resource
The document discusses the control of breathing through the respiratory control center (RCC) located in the brainstem. The RCC contains inspiratory and expiratory centers that control the diaphragm and intercostal muscles during inhalation and exhalation. At rest, the inspiratory center stimulates inhalation through phrenic and intercostal nerves and exhalation occurs passively when stimulation stops. During exercise, the inspiratory center increases stimulation of additional muscles and the expiratory center becomes active to stimulate exhalation through internal intercostals and abdominal muscles.
Sport unit 2 p2
Cardiovascular and respiratory systems respond to exercise in several key ways:
1. The heart rate increases before and during exercise to pump more blood and oxygen to working muscles. Blood pressure also increases to circulate blood effectively.
2. Breathing rate and depth increase to supply more oxygen to working muscles and remove excess carbon dioxide. Both neural and chemical factors stimulate faster, deeper breathing.
3. The lungs take in more air per breath (increased tidal volume) to meet the body's higher oxygen needs during exercise beyond just breathing faster. Blood flow is also altered to match regional demands through vasodilation and vasoconstriction of blood vessels.
Unit 2 P1/M1
The musculoskeletal system responds to acute exercise by building up waste products in the muscles, causing aches and tiredness and eventually pain. The cardiovascular system increases heart rate to pump blood around the body faster, delivering more oxygen to muscles and removing waste. Respiratory responses include increased breathing rate and tidal volume to supply more oxygen to working muscles and remove carbon dioxide.
Lesson 1 short term effect (musculoskeletal)
The document describes the short-term effects of exercise on the musculoskeletal and cardiovascular systems and their importance for sports performance. It discusses how warming up makes muscles more pliable and joints more lubricated through small tears and increased range of motion, reducing the risk of injury. It also mentions demonstrating warm-up exercises and identifying the equipment and protocol for the sit and reach flexibility test.
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Body system used in soccer
This document summarizes the key muscle groups and energy systems used in soccer. It discusses the oxygen, intermediate, and glycolytic energy systems that provide energy. The major muscle groups discussed are the arms, core, thighs, and legs. The arms help with shielding the ball and throwing it in. The core provides balance and stamina. The thighs' quadriceps and hamstrings provide power and energy for sprinting. The calf muscle allows for kicking and running. Soccer requires fluid and carbohydrate replacement to prevent depletion over a 90-minute match in varying temperatures.
Body system used in soccer
There are three main energy systems used in soccer - the oxygen, intermediate, and glycolytic systems. The oxygen system provides long-term energy through oxidation of fuels with oxygen. The intermediate system generates energy without oxygen using ATP and creatine phosphate. The glycolytic system also generates energy without oxygen by breaking down glycogen. Strong arm, core, thigh, and leg muscles are important for soccer. The respiratory system supplies oxygen to working muscles through the mouth, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli.
Body system used in soccer
The document discusses the energy systems and muscles used in soccer. It explains that soccer relies on the oxygen, intermediate, and glycolytic energy systems. It also describes the major muscle groups involved - the arms for shielding and throwing, core for balance and stamina, thighs including the quadriceps and hamstrings, and legs including the calves. The document stresses the importance of fluid intake for soccer players due to sweat losses.
Body systems used in Tennis by Cameron Campisi
The document discusses the various body systems used in tennis, including the skeletal, muscular, energy, circulatory and respiratory systems. It provides details on the specific bones, joints, muscles involved and how they support tennis skills like serving, returning balls, and rapid movement. It also explains how the energy, circulatory and respiratory systems work together to deliver oxygen to muscles and remove waste during the anaerobic bursts of activity common in tennis. Proper hydration is also emphasized to support the efficient function of these body systems during a tennis match.
PEShare.co.uk Shared Resource
The document discusses the control of breathing through the respiratory control center (RCC) located in the brainstem. The RCC contains inspiratory and expiratory centers that control the diaphragm and intercostal muscles during inhalation and exhalation. At rest, the inspiratory center stimulates inhalation through phrenic and intercostal nerves and exhalation occurs passively when stimulation stops. During exercise, the inspiratory center increases stimulation of additional muscles and the expiratory center becomes active to stimulate exhalation through internal intercostals and abdominal muscles.
Sport unit 2 p2
Cardiovascular and respiratory systems respond to exercise in several key ways:
1. The heart rate increases before and during exercise to pump more blood and oxygen to working muscles. Blood pressure also increases to circulate blood effectively.
2. Breathing rate and depth increase to supply more oxygen to working muscles and remove excess carbon dioxide. Both neural and chemical factors stimulate faster, deeper breathing.
3. The lungs take in more air per breath (increased tidal volume) to meet the body's higher oxygen needs during exercise beyond just breathing faster. Blood flow is also altered to match regional demands through vasodilation and vasoconstriction of blood vessels.
Unit 2 P1/M1
The musculoskeletal system responds to acute exercise by building up waste products in the muscles, causing aches and tiredness and eventually pain. The cardiovascular system increases heart rate to pump blood around the body faster, delivering more oxygen to muscles and removing waste. Respiratory responses include increased breathing rate and tidal volume to supply more oxygen to working muscles and remove carbon dioxide.
Lesson 1 short term effect (musculoskeletal)
The document describes the short-term effects of exercise on the musculoskeletal and cardiovascular systems and their importance for sports performance. It discusses how warming up makes muscles more pliable and joints more lubricated through small tears and increased range of motion, reducing the risk of injury. It also mentions demonstrating warm-up exercises and identifying the equipment and protocol for the sit and reach flexibility test.
Untitled presentation
The muscular system functions through muscle contraction. Skeletal muscles work with bones to allow movement by contracting and pulling on bones. Smooth muscles, like those in the digestive tract, contract independently to move food and circulate blood. Muscles connect to bones via tendons, with one end serving as the origin point and the other as the insertion point. Skeletal muscles work in pairs as flexors and extensors to both move parts of the body and keep them rigid.
Body systems used in swimming
This document discusses the body systems used in competitive freestyle swimming. It describes how the skeletal system provides structure and movement through joints. The muscular system generates propulsion through coordinated contraction of muscles in the upper body, core, and legs. The respiratory and circulatory systems work together to supply oxygen to muscles and remove carbon dioxide through regulated breathing. Maintaining proper hydration is also essential to support the cardiovascular and thermoregulatory demands of intense swimming.
Muscular system
The document discusses the muscular system. It describes the three types of muscle tissues - cardiac, smooth, and skeletal. It lists the major muscles in the body and their functions which include locomotion, mobility, strength, heat production, shock absorption, shaping the body, and maintaining posture. Some muscle facts are provided, such as that you have over 30 facial muscles and the largest muscle is the gluteus maximus.
Lesson3 muscle
The muscular system has three main functions: to enable movement of the body, move blood through the circulatory system, and move food through the digestive system. There are three types of muscle tissue: cardiac, smooth, and skeletal. Skeletal muscle is striated, multi-nucleated, and moves bones at joints by always pulling on them. Muscles work in pairs, with one muscle contracting as an agonist to cause movement and another relaxing as an antagonist to oppose the movement.
Muscle System
This document provides information about the muscular system, including definitions of important vocabulary terms like agonist, antagonist, extension, and flexion. It explains how muscles work in pairs as agonists and antagonists to flex and contract. The basic unit of a muscle cell is called a sarcomere, which is made up of actin and myosin filaments. There are three main types of muscles: skeletal muscles which attach to bones and allow voluntary movement; cardiac muscles which make up just the heart and contract involuntarily; and smooth muscles which control involuntary functions like breathing and digestion.
ESQUEMA GENERAL DEL MOVIMIENTO
The document summarizes three body systems involved in movement: the nervous system, locomotor system, and cardiorespiratory system. The nervous system sends movement orders from the brain to muscles through the spinal cord and nerves. The locomotor system produces movement using the skeleton and muscles. Muscle contraction causes bone movement. The cardiorespiratory system provides the energy for muscle contraction through oxygen delivery from the lungs to the bloodstream by the heart. Together these systems work to initiate and power physical movement.
Standard grade structure and function
This document summarizes the structure and function of muscles, bones, and joints in the human body. It explains that muscles contract to create movement, bones provide structure and attachment points, and joints allow the skeleton to move. It also describes key concepts like levers, ligaments, tendons, and the importance of warming up and cooling down to prevent injury when exercising.
Muscular system
The document summarizes the key components and functions of the muscular system. It discusses the three main types of muscle tissue - skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle. It describes the structure of skeletal muscle fibers and how they appear striated due to the arrangement of actin and myosin filaments. It explains how a motor neuron stimulation leads to calcium release and the sliding of actin and myosin filaments, causing muscle contraction. Finally, it discusses factors that influence muscle fatigue and responses like threshold stimulus, all-or-none response, and muscle tone.
Pdhpe prereading physiological adaptations
Aerobic training causes six main physiological adaptations that improve athletic performance: 1) resting heart rate decreases as the heart becomes more efficient, 2) stroke volume and cardiac output increase allowing the heart to pump more blood per beat to deliver more oxygen to working muscles, 3) oxygen uptake increases through improved cardiovascular and respiratory efficiency while lung capacity remains unchanged, 4) haemoglobin levels rise to transport more oxygen in the bloodstream, 5) muscle hypertrophy occurs through increased muscle fiber size from resistance training, and 6) aerobic training enlarges slow-twitch muscle fibers more than fast-twitch fibers.
ACLP Stretches everyday.
ACLP employees have incorporated stretching into their daily routine for its main benefits: warming up muscles to reduce injuries, improving blood flow, and increasing range of motion. There are three types of stretches - dynamic, tension breaker, and flexibility stretches - that each serve a different purpose. A combination of dynamic and tension-breaker stretches prepares muscles for activity in the short-term, while all three promote long-term flexibility.
9 san isidro, thania maybriones, josshuadalemartin and judyannelaxamana.pptx
This document provides tips for keeping your circulatory and respiratory systems healthy. It recommends exercising daily and getting enough rest to keep blood circulating well. It also says to avoid extreme emotions that could harm the circulatory system. For the respiratory system, it suggests regular exercise to strengthen the lungs and avoiding putting harmful substances in the lungs. Aerobic exercise in particular allows the lungs to take in more oxygen. Overall exercising regularly provides benefits like increased testosterone, brain and willpower boosts, stress relief, and physical attractiveness.
Unit 4
Stretching before a workout improves flexibility and range of motion, lubricates the joints, and increases blood flow to the muscles. This decreases the risk of injury by preparing the muscles and ligaments for exertion. Failure to stretch can result in decreased performance, muscle soreness, and sudden contractions from forceful movements that increase injury chances. Some studies also indicate that stretching directly helps prevent athletic injuries.
Physiological principles of sotai ho.
This document summarizes key aspects of skeletal muscle anatomy and physiology. It describes that skeletal muscles are under voluntary control and make up about 40% of body weight. It also explains how muscles contract and relax in pairs to enable movement, with one muscle contracting as its antagonist relaxes. Sensory receptors in muscles and tendons called muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs provide stretch and tension feedback to regulate muscle contraction and relaxation through reflexes like the stretch reflex and autogenic inhibition. The document concludes by discussing how sustained muscle shortening can cause pain and limitations, and how specific exercises can help rebalance shortened and overstretched muscles to reduce pain.
Sport unit 2 p4
Regular exercise leads to several long-term effects on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. The heart muscle thickens and increases in size, raising stroke volume and cardiac output. This allows the heart to pump more blood with each beat and a lower resting heart rate. Capilliarization improves oxygen delivery to working muscles. Blood volume and aerobic fitness increase while resting blood pressure and recovery time decrease. The muscular system also adapts through increased myoglobin and mitochondria stores, glycogen and fat storage, tendon and muscle strength, and tolerance to lactic acid buildup.
5 organ you can’t live without
This document discusses 5 organs that are essential for life: the liver, kidneys, lungs, heart, and brain. The liver performs many important functions like bile production, metabolizing nutrients, and filtering toxins from the blood. Liver failure can cause complications like infection, electrolyte imbalances, and bleeding, which can ultimately lead to death without treatment. The kidneys control fluid balance, filter waste, and remove toxins from the blood. Lung failure prevents the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the bloodstream. The heart pumps blood throughout the body and maintains blood pressure. Brain death means the brain has completely stopped functioning and cannot be reversed, defining the legal definition of death.
Viiidy
Muscles make up 30% of the total body weight and are important for posture, shape, and movement. They allow for voluntary movements and are also involved in involuntary functions like breathing and heart contraction. There are three main types of muscles: striated muscles that are attached to bones by tendons and allow for voluntary movement, cardiac muscles that make up the heart, and smooth muscles found in organs and blood vessels that function involuntarily.
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PEShare.co.uk Shared Resource
The document discusses how the respiratory and cardiovascular systems respond to increased demand for oxygen during exercise. It explains that the respiratory control center detects changes like decreased pH and increased CO2 and stimulates deeper, faster breathing to increase lung volumes and gas exchange. More oxygen is carried by hemoglobin in the blood and diffused into working muscles. Heart rate also increases through autonomic control to deliver more oxygenated blood where it is needed.
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Untitled presentation
The muscular system functions through muscle contraction. Skeletal muscles work with bones to allow movement by contracting and pulling on bones. Smooth muscles, like those in the digestive tract, contract independently to move food and circulate blood. Muscles connect to bones via tendons, with one end serving as the origin point and the other as the insertion point. Skeletal muscles work in pairs as flexors and extensors to both move parts of the body and keep them rigid.
Body systems used in swimming
This document discusses the body systems used in competitive freestyle swimming. It describes how the skeletal system provides structure and movement through joints. The muscular system generates propulsion through coordinated contraction of muscles in the upper body, core, and legs. The respiratory and circulatory systems work together to supply oxygen to muscles and remove carbon dioxide through regulated breathing. Maintaining proper hydration is also essential to support the cardiovascular and thermoregulatory demands of intense swimming.
Muscular system
The document discusses the muscular system. It describes the three types of muscle tissues - cardiac, smooth, and skeletal. It lists the major muscles in the body and their functions which include locomotion, mobility, strength, heat production, shock absorption, shaping the body, and maintaining posture. Some muscle facts are provided, such as that you have over 30 facial muscles and the largest muscle is the gluteus maximus.
Lesson3 muscle
The muscular system has three main functions: to enable movement of the body, move blood through the circulatory system, and move food through the digestive system. There are three types of muscle tissue: cardiac, smooth, and skeletal. Skeletal muscle is striated, multi-nucleated, and moves bones at joints by always pulling on them. Muscles work in pairs, with one muscle contracting as an agonist to cause movement and another relaxing as an antagonist to oppose the movement.
Muscle System
This document provides information about the muscular system, including definitions of important vocabulary terms like agonist, antagonist, extension, and flexion. It explains how muscles work in pairs as agonists and antagonists to flex and contract. The basic unit of a muscle cell is called a sarcomere, which is made up of actin and myosin filaments. There are three main types of muscles: skeletal muscles which attach to bones and allow voluntary movement; cardiac muscles which make up just the heart and contract involuntarily; and smooth muscles which control involuntary functions like breathing and digestion.
ESQUEMA GENERAL DEL MOVIMIENTO
The document summarizes three body systems involved in movement: the nervous system, locomotor system, and cardiorespiratory system. The nervous system sends movement orders from the brain to muscles through the spinal cord and nerves. The locomotor system produces movement using the skeleton and muscles. Muscle contraction causes bone movement. The cardiorespiratory system provides the energy for muscle contraction through oxygen delivery from the lungs to the bloodstream by the heart. Together these systems work to initiate and power physical movement.
Standard grade structure and function
This document summarizes the structure and function of muscles, bones, and joints in the human body. It explains that muscles contract to create movement, bones provide structure and attachment points, and joints allow the skeleton to move. It also describes key concepts like levers, ligaments, tendons, and the importance of warming up and cooling down to prevent injury when exercising.
Muscular system
The document summarizes the key components and functions of the muscular system. It discusses the three main types of muscle tissue - skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle. It describes the structure of skeletal muscle fibers and how they appear striated due to the arrangement of actin and myosin filaments. It explains how a motor neuron stimulation leads to calcium release and the sliding of actin and myosin filaments, causing muscle contraction. Finally, it discusses factors that influence muscle fatigue and responses like threshold stimulus, all-or-none response, and muscle tone.
Pdhpe prereading physiological adaptations
Aerobic training causes six main physiological adaptations that improve athletic performance: 1) resting heart rate decreases as the heart becomes more efficient, 2) stroke volume and cardiac output increase allowing the heart to pump more blood per beat to deliver more oxygen to working muscles, 3) oxygen uptake increases through improved cardiovascular and respiratory efficiency while lung capacity remains unchanged, 4) haemoglobin levels rise to transport more oxygen in the bloodstream, 5) muscle hypertrophy occurs through increased muscle fiber size from resistance training, and 6) aerobic training enlarges slow-twitch muscle fibers more than fast-twitch fibers.
ACLP Stretches everyday.
ACLP employees have incorporated stretching into their daily routine for its main benefits: warming up muscles to reduce injuries, improving blood flow, and increasing range of motion. There are three types of stretches - dynamic, tension breaker, and flexibility stretches - that each serve a different purpose. A combination of dynamic and tension-breaker stretches prepares muscles for activity in the short-term, while all three promote long-term flexibility.
9 san isidro, thania maybriones, josshuadalemartin and judyannelaxamana.pptx
This document provides tips for keeping your circulatory and respiratory systems healthy. It recommends exercising daily and getting enough rest to keep blood circulating well. It also says to avoid extreme emotions that could harm the circulatory system. For the respiratory system, it suggests regular exercise to strengthen the lungs and avoiding putting harmful substances in the lungs. Aerobic exercise in particular allows the lungs to take in more oxygen. Overall exercising regularly provides benefits like increased testosterone, brain and willpower boosts, stress relief, and physical attractiveness.
Unit 4
Stretching before a workout improves flexibility and range of motion, lubricates the joints, and increases blood flow to the muscles. This decreases the risk of injury by preparing the muscles and ligaments for exertion. Failure to stretch can result in decreased performance, muscle soreness, and sudden contractions from forceful movements that increase injury chances. Some studies also indicate that stretching directly helps prevent athletic injuries.
Physiological principles of sotai ho.
This document summarizes key aspects of skeletal muscle anatomy and physiology. It describes that skeletal muscles are under voluntary control and make up about 40% of body weight. It also explains how muscles contract and relax in pairs to enable movement, with one muscle contracting as its antagonist relaxes. Sensory receptors in muscles and tendons called muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs provide stretch and tension feedback to regulate muscle contraction and relaxation through reflexes like the stretch reflex and autogenic inhibition. The document concludes by discussing how sustained muscle shortening can cause pain and limitations, and how specific exercises can help rebalance shortened and overstretched muscles to reduce pain.
Sport unit 2 p4
Regular exercise leads to several long-term effects on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. The heart muscle thickens and increases in size, raising stroke volume and cardiac output. This allows the heart to pump more blood with each beat and a lower resting heart rate. Capilliarization improves oxygen delivery to working muscles. Blood volume and aerobic fitness increase while resting blood pressure and recovery time decrease. The muscular system also adapts through increased myoglobin and mitochondria stores, glycogen and fat storage, tendon and muscle strength, and tolerance to lactic acid buildup.
5 organ you can’t live without
This document discusses 5 organs that are essential for life: the liver, kidneys, lungs, heart, and brain. The liver performs many important functions like bile production, metabolizing nutrients, and filtering toxins from the blood. Liver failure can cause complications like infection, electrolyte imbalances, and bleeding, which can ultimately lead to death without treatment. The kidneys control fluid balance, filter waste, and remove toxins from the blood. Lung failure prevents the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the bloodstream. The heart pumps blood throughout the body and maintains blood pressure. Brain death means the brain has completely stopped functioning and cannot be reversed, defining the legal definition of death.
Viiidy
Muscles make up 30% of the total body weight and are important for posture, shape, and movement. They allow for voluntary movements and are also involved in involuntary functions like breathing and heart contraction. There are three main types of muscles: striated muscles that are attached to bones by tendons and allow for voluntary movement, cardiac muscles that make up the heart, and smooth muscles found in organs and blood vessels that function involuntarily.
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The document discusses how the respiratory and cardiovascular systems respond to increased demand for oxygen during exercise. It explains that the respiratory control center detects changes like decreased pH and increased CO2 and stimulates deeper, faster breathing to increase lung volumes and gas exchange. More oxygen is carried by hemoglobin in the blood and diffused into working muscles. Heart rate also increases through autonomic control to deliver more oxygenated blood where it is needed.
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NPK2011: Die salutogenen Eigenschaften von Primary Nursing
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The respiratory rate and pattern are determined by the respiratory control center in the brainstem. It receives feedback from peripheral chemoreceptors in the carotid bodies and central chemoreceptors in the brainstem to regulate ventilation and maintain normal blood gases. The respiratory rate, tidal volume, and use of accessory muscles are observed during a physical exam to detect any abnormalities. Changes in rate or tidal volume have different effects on gas exchange depending on whether the dead space or alveolar volume is altered.
Elective 2 -3 organizational ethics
Rose is the new director of the Primary Care Division of the City Health Department and discovered that her predecessor had been diverting funds earmarked for pediatric disease prevention in District 10 to services for indigent elderly residents instead. When she brought her concerns to the Health Department Director, he dismissed her concerns and reminded her of the power dynamics. Rose must determine who to prioritize and faces potential ethical issues in addressing the misuse of funds. She is considering who to seek advice from regarding how to handle this situation appropriately.
NPK2011: Reicht mir ein Entspannungstraining bei dem hausgemachten Stress?
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The document discusses drug evaluation and approval processes. It describes how drugs are classified as either therapeutic or non-therapeutic and must be approved by regulatory agencies like the FDA. The drug approval process involves four stages of clinical trials before a new drug application is submitted for review. Drugs are also classified based on their intended use, mechanism of action, prescription status, and legality. Federal legislation like the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act and its amendments aim to ensure drug safety and effectiveness.
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3. Standards of nursing practice provide a baseline for quality care and apply to all nursing specialties and settings. They govern nursing practice and assessment, diagnosis, care planning, intervention, and evaluation.
PHARMA=DRUGS FOR NEUROLOGIC DISORDERS
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Similar to PEShare.co.uk Shared Resource
Regulation of lungs respiration
The document discusses the respiratory centers in the brain that control breathing. It describes:
- The medulla and pons as the primary respiratory control centers located in the brainstem. The medulla contains groups that stimulate expiratory and inspiratory movements. The pons controls the rate of breathing.
- Chemoreceptors in the bloodstream and brainstem that detect carbon dioxide levels and signal the respiratory centers to adjust breathing.
- The motor cortex and ascending pathways that control voluntary breathing movements.
- Nerves like the phrenic and vagus nerves that transmit signals from the brainstem to respiratory muscles.
- Chemoreceptor feedback as a negative feedback system that maintains blood pH levels by adjusting breathing in response
Regulation of lungs respiration
The respiratory centers in the brainstem control both involuntary and voluntary respiration. The medulla and pons are the primary centers, with the medulla containing groups that stimulate inspiration and expiration. The pons controls respiratory rate. Chemoreceptors in the brainstem and body sense pH in the blood and provide feedback to adjust ventilation. Proprioceptors in the lungs called stretch receptors trigger the Hering-Breuer reflex to prevent overinflation by inhibiting inspiration. This reflex can also cause the heart rate to briefly increase during inhalation in a phenomenon called sinus arrhythmia.
Cardiorespiratory presentation
The circulatory and respiratory systems are closely linked. The circulatory system transports oxygen to tissues via blood flow and removes carbon dioxide through a dual circuit pathway. The respiratory system oxygenates blood in the lungs through gas exchange and is regulated to meet metabolic demands through controlled breathing. Diseases that impact these systems like COPD and heart attacks disrupt their functions and ability to effectively deliver oxygen and remove wastes.
General physiological concepts in physical education and sports.
There are numerous Physiological terms being used in the field of Physical Education and Sports. For all the trainers, coaches and Physical Education teachers, the clarity and well understanding of all these terms is very important to make the players or the students understand fully, so that better methods of training or teaching may be facilitated. This paper will review the general Physiological concepts that already used in the field of Sports and Physical Education.
In this lab, you will observe diagrams that show the major component.docx
In this lab, you will observe diagrams that show the major components of the endocrine, circulatory, and respiratory systems. Using the textbook and virtual library resources, fill in the tables.
Explore Endocrine, Circulatory, and Respiratory Systems Lab
Using the M.U.S.E. link, review the background information and animation to complete your report. There are 2 parts to this lab on human body systems.
Use the following worksheets to complete your assignment:
Use the
lab 4 part 1 worksheet
to complete your work from part 1 of the lab in the M.U.S.E.
Use the
lab 4 part 2 worksheet
to complete your work from part 2 of the lab in the M.U.S.E.
Human body systems have a variety of interconnectivity. This lab will explore the functions and structures of the endocrine, circulatory (cardiovascular), and respiratory systems. The lab will also examine the interdependency of the body systems.
Your lab report will consist of the completed tables and related questions.
Table 1
–
Endocrine System Hormones
Number
Name of the Organ
Function\Hormone(s) Produced or Secreted
1
Parathyroid Glands
Parathyroid hormone
2
Thyroid Gland
Thyroxine, calcitonin
3
Pineal Gland
Melatonin
4
Hypothalamus
Produces ADH and oxytocin, regulatory hormones for the anterior pituitary.
Produces and secretes TRH, Dopamine, GHRH, Somatostatin, Gonadotropin.
5
Pituitary Gland
Anterior: Produces and secretes ACTH, TSH, GH, FSH, LH, MSH
Posterior: Secretes Oxytocin and ADH
6
Thymus
Thymosins
7
Heart
Atrial natriuretic peptide, brain natriuretic peptide
8
Stomach
Ghrelin, Gastrin, Histamine, Neuropeptide Y, Endothelin
9
Kidney
Erythropoietin, Renin, Calcitriol
10
Small Intestine
(duodenum)
Secretin, cholecystokinin
11
Liver
Insulin-like Growth factor 1 (IGF-1), Angiotensinogen, Thrombopoietin
12
Adrenal Glands
Medulla: epinephrine, norepinephrine.
Cortex: glucocorticoids (cortisol), aldosterone, testosterone
13
Pancreas
Insulin, glucagon
14
Testes
Androgens, testosterone
15
Uterus
Prolactin and Relaxin, when pregnant
16
Ovary
Estrogens, progesterone
Table 2
–
Circulatory (Cardiovascular) System Functions
Number
Name of the Structure
Major Function
1
Carotid arteries
Delivers blood to the head and brain
2
Jugular veins
Carries blood from the head to the heart
3
Superior vena cava
Carries blood from the upper body back to heart
4
Pulmonary veins
Carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
5
Aorta
Delivers blood to the body tissue
6
Pulmonary arteries
Delivers oxygen-poor blood to the lungs
7
Coronary arteries
Delivers blood to the heart muscle cells
8
Inferior vena cava
Carries blood from the lower body back to heart
9
Renal vein
Carries blood from the kidney to the heart
10
Iliac vein
Delivers blood from the pelvic organs and abdominal wall to the heart
11
Radial vein
Carries blood from the hand to the heart
12
Renal artery
Delivers blood to the kidneys
13
Iliac artery
Delivers blood to the pelvic organs and abdominal wall
14
Radial artery
Delivers blood t.
Respiratory system
1) The document lists 7 group members working on a project about neural mechanisms of respiration.
2) It then describes the respiratory centers located in the brain stem, including the medullary respiratory center and pontine respiratory center which help control breathing.
3) Within the medulla, the ventral and dorsal respiratory groups contain neurons that send signals to respiratory muscles.
cardiorespiratorypresentatio.pptx dwfwfw kiwf
This document discusses the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. It describes the parts and functions of the circulatory system including the heart, blood vessels, and blood flow. It also covers the parts and functions of the respiratory system including gas exchange, regulation of breathing, and adaptations to exercise. Various diseases that can affect these systems are also mentioned such as COPD and atherosclerosis.
Effects of exercise on cvs & resp s
The document discusses the effects of exercise on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. It begins with an introduction to exercise physiology and sports physiology. It then discusses several effects of exercise on circulation, including increased heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, blood pressure, and coronary blood flow. It also discusses the local effects of exercise in active muscles. Next, it covers the effects of exercise on respiration, such as increased pulmonary ventilation, gas exchange, and oxygen consumption. It provides normal data ranges for maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max) in males and females. It concludes by listing ideal VO2 max scores for different sports.
Acute effect of steady level exerise on vital parameters
steady level exercises effect on heat rate, respiratory rate ,temperature,acid base balance,electrolyte balance
Physiology of respiration in mammals
Ventilation is the rate at which gas enters or leaves the lungs, and is controlled by the brain stem. Shaken baby syndrome can occur when an infant is violently shaken and can damage the brain stem neurons controlling breathing. Chemoreceptors detect the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood and increase breathing rate. Normal respiration is 10-18 breaths per minute, while vigorous inhalation exceeds 35 breaths per minute. Forced exhalation uses abdominal and intercostal muscles. The major function of respiration is gas exchange in the lungs and blood, maintaining acid-base balance.
Effect of exercise on respiration.pdf
The document discusses the effect of exercise on respiration. It begins with an introduction to respiration, defining it as the different processes by which energy is obtained from food. It then discusses pulmonary ventilation for normal people and athletes at rest and during exercise. Pulmonary ventilation increases during exercise due to deeper breathing facilitated by additional muscle contraction. Athletes have higher lung volumes and capacities due to regular training. The document concludes with an overview of the energy production mechanism involving pulmonary respiration, gas transport through the blood, and cellular respiration within tissues.
7@ exercise and respiration
Exercise increases ventilation through both deeper breathing (increased tidal volume) and faster breathing (increased respiratory rate). The lungs and heart work together to supply oxygen to working muscles and remove carbon dioxide. During intense exercise, ventilation increases mainly through faster breathing since deeper breaths are not sufficient to provide enough oxygen.
Control Of Ventilation
This document summarizes control of ventilation through both voluntary and involuntary mechanisms. Voluntary control allows us to override the automatic breathing rhythm, while involuntary control is mediated by brainstem centers that generate rhythmic breathing patterns. These centers are sensitive to chemical signals from the blood, especially carbon dioxide levels, such that increases in CO2 or decreases in pH trigger higher ventilation rates to maintain homeostasis.
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The document discusses the physical and mental demands of performance. It covers topics like fatigue, stress, injury prevention and treatment, the respiratory system (aerobic and anaerobic respiration), the circulatory system, and cardiovascular endurance. Key terms are defined for each topic. Tasks are included to survey injuries and list injuries, treatments, and preventions for different sports.
Summary unit 1 6th
The human body has three vital functions: nutrition, interaction, and reproduction. The document focuses on the nutrition and interaction functions. It describes the four systems involved in nutrition - digestive, respiratory, circulatory, and excretory. It also explains how the five senses - sight, smell, hearing, touch, and taste - allow for interaction with the environment by receiving stimuli and sending messages to the brain to process and respond. The nervous and musculoskeletal systems work together to control body movements and responses.
HOMOESTATIS.pptx Components, Training Principles and FITT Principle
The document discusses homeostasis and biological control systems. It defines homeostasis as the maintenance of a stable internal environment and describes its two main stages as detecting changes from the stable state and counteracting to maintain homeostasis. It then defines biological control systems as functioning units that help maintain homeostasis, consisting of sensors, an integrating control center, and effectors. Negative feedback is described as when the response opposes the stimulus to restore the stable state. Examples of biological control systems that maintain homeostasis in the human body include regulating blood glucose levels, body temperature, blood pressure, and production of red blood cells.
Exercise physiology powerpoint
The document discusses exercise physiology and how the body's systems respond to exercise. It describes exercise physiology as the study of how the human body functions during and after physical activity. Key body systems that are involved in exercise include the muscular, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems. During exercise, the cardiovascular system works to deliver more oxygen to active muscles via increased heart rate and blood flow. The respiratory system increases breathing rate and volume to take in more oxygen. Regular exercise leads to long-term adaptations like increased heart and lung capacity and stronger, more efficient muscles.
EXERCISE PERFORMANCE.pptx, Lung function
Lung function plays a crucial role in exercise performance by supplying oxygen to the body and removing carbon dioxide. Adequate lung function is necessary to take in sufficient oxygen and deliver it to working muscles. It also influences ventilation and gas exchange in the lungs, maximizing oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide removal during exercise. Optimizing lung function through exercise and respiratory health can enhance exercise performance.
Dean r berry respiratory system revised 6 6-18
The document summarizes how the respiratory system works. It describes how air enters the body through the nose or mouth and travels through the windpipe into the lungs. In the lungs, oxygen passes into the bloodstream and is circulated throughout the body while carbon dioxide is removed. Problems like smoking, infections, and diseases can damage the lungs and disrupt this vital process of breathing and oxygen exchange.
Respiratory effects of exercise
Short term exercise increases breathing rate and depth to deliver more oxygen to the lungs and remove more waste products. It also increases tidal volume, which is the amount of air inhaled and exhaled with each normal breath. Long term exercise lowers resting respiratory rate and rate during exercise over time. It also increases lung volume and efficiency as well as blood supply to the lungs.
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General physiological concepts in physical education and sports.
General physiological concepts in physical education and sports.
In this lab, you will observe diagrams that show the major component.docx
In this lab, you will observe diagrams that show the major component.docx
Acute effect of steady level exerise on vital parameters
Acute effect of steady level exerise on vital parameters
HOMOESTATIS.pptx Components, Training Principles and FITT Principle
HOMOESTATIS.pptx Components, Training Principles and FITT Principle
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- 1. CONTROL OF BREATHING 1. Respiration/Breathing is controlled by the..? 2. What part of the brain controls our Respiration/Breathing? 3. What part of our Respiration/Breathing does the Respiratory Centre control? 4. What does the Respiratory Centre use to control the above? 5. At rest, what 2 muscles does the Inspiratory Centre send nerve impulses to breathe? 6. What do those muscles do? 7. What happens? 8. How many seconds will the Inspiratory Centre send impulses for? 9. What will the Intercostal Muscles and Diaphragm do after these seconds? 10. What will happen when these muscles relax? 11. What muscles contract when we breathe more deeply? 12. What other factors are responsible for changes in our breathing rate and depth during exercise?
- 2. 13. What chemical changes may cause a change in Respiration? 14. What structures identify these chemical changes? 15. Where are these located? 16. What are they sensitive to? 17. When blood acidity rises what do the chemoreceptors do? 18. What 3 factors affect the neural influences? 19. The control of our rate and depth of breathing is through monitoring what 4 things? 20.Copy Figure 3.7 diagram
- 3. CONTROL OF BREATHING 1. Respiration/Breathing is controlled by the..? Respiratory Centre 2. What part of the brain controls our Respiration/Breathing? Medulla Oblongata 3. What part of our Respiration/Breathing does the Respiratory Centre control? Rate and depth of breathing 4. What does the Respiratory Centre use to control the above? Neural and chemical changes 5. At rest, what 2 muscles does the Inspiratory Centre send nerve impulses to breathe? Diaphragm and external intercostals 6. What do those muscles do? Contract 7. What happens? Breathe in 8. How many seconds will the Inspiratory Centre send impulses for? 2 9. What will the Intercostal Muscles and Diaphragm do after these seconds? Relax 10. What will happen when these muscles relax? Breathe out 11. What muscles contract when we breathe more deeply? Internal intercostals 12. What other factors are responsible for changes in our breathing rate and depth during exercise? Chemical changes Neural influences - movement
- 4. 13. What chemical changes may cause a change in Respiration? Increase in CO2 = blood more acidic (decrease in Ph) Increase in lactic acid = decrease in Ph 14. What structures identify these chemical changes? Chemoreceptors 15. Where are these located? Carotid Artery and Aortic Arch 16. What are they sensitive to? Changes in blood acidity 17. When blood acidity rises what do the chemoreceptors do? Stimulate the Respiratory Centre to increase ventilation until blood Ph is normal 18. What 3 factors affect the neural influences? Activity from the brain caused by the anticipation of exercise and increased stimulation from the brain (muscle contractions) Increased stimulation from the proprioceptors in the joints and muscles due to movement Increases in body temperature 19. The control of our rate and depth of breathing is through monitoring what 4 things? Chemical state of the blood Anticipation and control ofmovement Feedback from movement Temperature of the body 20.Copy Figure 3.7 diagram