Personality refers to the unique characteristics that distinguish an individual. It originates from the Latin word "persona" meaning mask. There are several theories and approaches to understanding personality, including: type approaches like Hippocrates' four temperaments and Jung's introversion/extroversion; trait approaches like Allport's cardinal/central/secondary traits and Cattell's 16 personality factors; and psychoanalytic approaches like Freud's id/ego/superego model. Personality is determined by biological, psychological, and emotional factors and can be assessed through objective or projective tests. The HEXACO model describes six key components of personality: Honesty-Humility, Emotionality, Extraversion, Agree

1. PERSONALITY
:
P.KAAVIYA
SRI SARADA COLLEGE
OF EDUCATION,
SALEM

2. A)PERSONALITY MEANING
originates from the Latin word “persona”
the mask worn
by the actors
while playing
their role in
the drama
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3. P-
PERCEPTI
ON
CAPACITY
E-
EMOTIONAL
MATURITY
R-
RESPONSIVE
S-
SOCIABILITY
O-
ORGINALITY
N-
NEUTRALIT
Y
A-
APPERANCE
L-
LEADERSHIP
I-
INTEGRATED
T-
TENDENCY
Y-
YOUNG IN
THINKING
A
B
B
R
E
V
I
A
T
I
O
N
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4. Personality is the sum of
activities that can be
discovered by actual
observations over a long
period of time to give
reliable information
-J.B.WATSON(1930)
DEFINITON ABOUT PERSONALITY
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5. Honesty-Humility (H)
Emotionality (E)
Extraversion (X)
Agreeableness (A)
Conscientiousness (C)
Openness to Experience (O)
HEXACO- COMPONENTS OF PERSONALITY
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6. DETERMINANTS OF PERSONALITY
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
I)BIOLOGICAL
II)PHYCHOLOGICAL
III)EMOTIONAL
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7. I)BIOLOGICAL
FACTORS
PHYSIQUE
BODY
FUNCTIONING
PHYSICAL
ATTRACTIVENESS
HORMONES
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8. II)PSYCHOLOGICAL
SELF
DISCLOSURE
ASPIRATIONS
EMOTIONS
INTELLECTUAL
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9. III)EMOTIONAL
EDUCATIONAL
FAMILY
CLIMATE
SOCIAL
DEPRIVATION
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10. Theories of Personality
A)TYPE
APPROACH
D)PSYCHOANALYTIC
APPROACH
B)TRAIT
APPROACH
C)TYPE-CUM-
TRAIT
APPROACH TCP PRESENTO-2020

11. TYPE THEORIES
2)KRETSCHMER 3)SHELDON
4)CARL GUSTAV
JUNG
1)HIPPOCRATES
A)
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12. SANGUINE PHELGMATIC
CHOLERIC MELANCHOLIC
STABLE
I
N
T
R
O
V
E
R
T
E
X
T
R
O
V
E
R
T
UNSTABLE
Leadership
Carefree
Lively
Easygoing
Responsive
Talkative
Outgoing
Sociable
Calm
Even-
tempered
Reliable
Controlled
Peaceful
Thoughtful
Careful
Passive
Active
Optimistic
Impulsive
Changeable
Excitable
Aggressive
Restless
Touchy
Quiet
Unsociable
Reserved
Pessimistic
Sober
Rigid
Anxious
Mood
1) Hippocrates classification
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13. Asthenic Athletic Pyknic
2)Kretschemer’s Body Types
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14. 3)
Endomorph
(viscerotonic)
Pyknic*
relaxed, sociable,
tolerant, comfort-
loving, peaceful
Mesomorph
(somatotonic)
Atheletic*
active, assertive,
vigorous, combative
Ectomorph
(cerebrotonic)
Asthenic*
quiet, fragile,
restrained, non-
assertive, sensitive
Sheldon’s classification
Sheldon’s
Somatotype
Characters
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15. Introvert
• Subjective,solitude,idealists,self-
centered,better in writing.
Extrovert
• Objective,realist,interested in other
people, better in speech, dominant.
Ambivert • Balanced
4)Carl Gustav Jung’s
Classification
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16. B)The Trait Theory is based on the great
man theory , but it is more systematic in its
analysis of leaders.
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17. Gordon Allport’s
Trait Theory
Cardinal Traits.
Maximum in all
situations.
Central Traits.
General
Secondary Traits.
Depends upon
situation.
The most powerful and pervasive.
Most people’s personalities
Limited ,based upon situations
i)According to trait theory, your personality is
made up of several traits. Traits are enduring
personal characteristics, which are resistant to
change.
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18. ii)Cattell (1965) necessary to look at a much larger number
of traits in order to get a complete picture of someone's personality.
16 personality dimensions described by Cattell.
Abstractedness
Apprehension
Dominance
Emotional Stability
Liveliness
Openness to Change
Perfectionism
Privateness
Reasoning
Rule-Consciousness
Self-Reliance
Sensitivity
Social Boldness
Tension
Vigilance
Warmth
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19. INTROVERT EXTROVERT NEUROTIC
PSYCHOTIC
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20. Parts:Id,Ego,Superego:3parts
Stages:Oral,Anal,Phallic,Latency and
Genital
Defense mechanism
:Repression,Projection,Reaction
formation,Fixation,Regression.
Psychoanalytic Theory(1885)
-Sigmund Freud
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21. OBJECTIVE PROJECTIVE
Forced choice Open ended
examinations
Minnesota Multiphase
Personality
Inventory(MMPI)
Rorschach ink-blot test
Rating statements Asks to say what is seen
Interview (Structured &
Unstructured)
Unconscious
Situational Answers relating to
specific things
Assessment of personality
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22. PERSONALITY-PERSONA-LATIN WORD-MASK
Components
6-HEXACO
Determinants
1)Biological
2)Psychological
3)Emotional
Theories of Personality-
A)Type Approach
I )Hippocrates
ii) Kretschmer
iii)Sheldon
iv)Karl Gustav Jung
B)Trait Approach
i) Gordon Allport’s Trait
theory
ii) Catell’ s Trait Theory
C)Type-cum-trait
Approach
i)Hans J Eysenck
D)Psychoanalytic
Approach
i)Sigmund Freud
Assessment of
Personality
A)Objective
B)Projective
Honesty-Humility
Emotionality
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Conscientiousness
Openness
SUMMARY
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23. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personality
https://www.verywellmind.com/personality-psychology-study-guide-
2795699
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personality_type
Mangal,S.K(2009),”Essentials of Educational Psychology PHI Learning” Pvt.Ltd.,
New Delhi.
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