Perfect modals
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The document discusses the use of perfect modals in English. It explains that "should have + past participle" and "could have + past participle" are used to talk about unfulfilled past obligations or regrets in the past. "Could have + past participle" can also show that something was possible but did not happen in the past, suggest an alternative action that was not taken, or describe an event that almost occurred but did not. Examples are provided to illustrate the uses and rules for each modal.
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![Should + have + past perfect
[ Rules ]
+ Talk about unfulfilled obligations in the past
[ Example ]
+ You should have returned the book to the library on tim
e. Now, you have to pay a fine.
Reference : http://www.slideshare.net/girmak/perfect-modals-presentationfinalversion](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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Perfect modals
The document discusses the use of modal verbs like "should have" and "could have" followed by a past participle. It provides rules for when to use each construction and examples. "Should have" is used to express regret about unfulfilled past obligations or suggest something that would have been better. "Could have" expresses that something in the past was possible but did not happen, a suggestion that was not taken, or an action that almost occurred.
Modals followed by perfect infinitive
The document discusses the uses of the modal auxiliary verbs "have", "could", "might", "may", "must", "need", "should", and "ought to" in the past tense. It explains that they are used to:
1) Refer to past events or hypothetical past situations.
2) Express deductions, possibilities, impossibilities, or uncertainties about past events.
3) Indicate that an action was not actually performed due to external reasons or unfulfilled conditions.
Modal with perfect
The document discusses the patterns and functions of different modal verbs used with the perfect tense. It explains that "should have" expresses belief that an event was desirable but did not happen, "could have" shows capability but an event did not occur, "must have" expresses conclusions about past situations, and "may/might have" describes possible past events. Examples are provided for each modal verb. The document also includes a profile section at the end.
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Perfect modals
- 1. Perfect Modals Should have +past participle Could have +past participle Viven / Sindy from 5C
- 2. Should + have + past perfect [ Rules ] + Talk about unfulfilled obligations in the past [ Example ] + You should have returned the book to the library on tim e. Now, you have to pay a fine. Reference : http://www.slideshare.net/girmak/perfect-modals-presentationfinalversion
- 3. Should + have + past perfect [ Rules ] + Talk about regrets [ Example ] + I failed the test. I should have studied more I guess. Reference : http://www.slideshare.net/girmak/perfect-modals-presentationfinalversion
- 4. Could have past perfect They use this [ Rule ] + Show we had the ability or the opportunity to do som-ethi ng in the past but we did not do it. [ Example ] + I could have studied law at university, but I didn't want to. Reference : http://www.slideshare.net/girmak/perfect-modals-presentationfinalversion
- 5. Could have past perfect [ Rule ] + Show a suggestion that was not taken [ Example ] + You could have asked for our help or you could have as ked the manager to assign you to a different task. Why didn't you? Reference : http://www.slideshare.net/girmak/perfect-modals-presentationfinalversion
- 6. Could have past perfect [ Rule ] +Show an action that almost happened, but didn't [ Example ] +Be careful! That car could have knocked your over! Reference : http://www.slideshare.net/girmak/perfect-modals-presentationfinalversion