Filtration is a sterilization method that removes microorganisms from liquids and gases without exposing them to heat. It works by passing the substance through a membrane with pores small enough to block microbes. Key points:
- Filtration is preferred for heat-sensitive substances like antibiotics and vaccines.
- It physically removes microbes that are larger than the pore size, but may not remove viruses.
- Various types of filters exist for different applications, including membrane filters, HEPA filters, and candle filters.
- Filtration is commonly used in pharmaceutical and biological research to sterilize protein solutions.
The document describes Labconco's WaterPro water purification systems. It discusses different types of water contaminants and levels of purity. The WaterPro systems include reverse osmosis stations and polishing stations. The polishing stations can produce Type I water and are suitable for analytical instruments and life sciences. The document outlines the purification technologies and features of the different models. These include carbon filtration, deionization, ultrafiltration, and UV treatment. Accessories like storage tanks and stands are also mentioned. Customers can request a free water quality analysis from Labconco.
This document discusses water recycling and membrane technology. It provides information on different types of membrane processes including microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis. It explains how these processes work and their applications in water treatment. Key points covered include the selection of membranes based on factors like molecular size and charge, common membrane configurations, and challenges with membrane fouling.
Membrane separation technology uses semi-permeable membranes to separate particles and molecules based on size. There are four main types of pressure-driven membrane processes: microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis. Microfiltration uses pores sizes from 0.1 to 10um to remove bacteria and viruses. Ultrafiltration retains macromolecules like proteins using pore sizes down to 1kD. Nanofiltration allows salts to pass while retaining larger molecules. Reverse osmosis separates molecules below 100Da like salts from water. Membrane separation is widely used in food/beverage processing, biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and water purification due to its ability to operate without
AHP is a patented blend of hydrogen peroxide and surfactants that increases the germicidal potency and cleaning ability of the solution. Over 130 clinical studies have validated that AHP is safe and effective at killing viruses and bacteria. AHP offers several advantages over traditional disinfectants like faster contact times, better cleaning efficacy, lack of irritancy, and favorable environmental profile. It is an EPA-approved Category IV disinfectant suitable for use in animal housing and other facilities to support odor control and surface disinfection.
The document summarizes various sterilization methods used for parenterals including dry heat, moist heat, filtration, radiation, and gas sterilization. Dry heat is used to sterilize glassware and some metals by heating to temperatures between 160-180°C. Moist heat sterilization with steam under pressure is commonly used for liquids and porous materials in an autoclave. Filtration through sterile membranes can sterilize heat-labile solutions. Radiation methods include UV, gamma rays, and electrons. Gaseous methods use ethylene oxide or formaldehyde gas.
dear all ,
is your company also paying a lot contribution for waste water or do you want using your water again for production?,to be sustainable for a better enviroment.
if you instressted contact us and we realy like to explain more details about this new product
herewith we like to introduce our brochure of our waterfilter
Filtration is a sterilization method that removes microorganisms from liquids and gases without exposing them to heat. It works by passing the substance through a membrane with pores small enough to block microbes. Key points:
- Filtration is preferred for heat-sensitive substances like antibiotics and vaccines.
- It physically removes microbes that are larger than the pore size, but may not remove viruses.
- Various types of filters exist for different applications, including membrane filters, HEPA filters, and candle filters.
- Filtration is commonly used in pharmaceutical and biological research to sterilize protein solutions.
The document describes Labconco's WaterPro water purification systems. It discusses different types of water contaminants and levels of purity. The WaterPro systems include reverse osmosis stations and polishing stations. The polishing stations can produce Type I water and are suitable for analytical instruments and life sciences. The document outlines the purification technologies and features of the different models. These include carbon filtration, deionization, ultrafiltration, and UV treatment. Accessories like storage tanks and stands are also mentioned. Customers can request a free water quality analysis from Labconco.
This document discusses water recycling and membrane technology. It provides information on different types of membrane processes including microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis. It explains how these processes work and their applications in water treatment. Key points covered include the selection of membranes based on factors like molecular size and charge, common membrane configurations, and challenges with membrane fouling.
Membrane separation technology uses semi-permeable membranes to separate particles and molecules based on size. There are four main types of pressure-driven membrane processes: microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis. Microfiltration uses pores sizes from 0.1 to 10um to remove bacteria and viruses. Ultrafiltration retains macromolecules like proteins using pore sizes down to 1kD. Nanofiltration allows salts to pass while retaining larger molecules. Reverse osmosis separates molecules below 100Da like salts from water. Membrane separation is widely used in food/beverage processing, biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and water purification due to its ability to operate without
AHP is a patented blend of hydrogen peroxide and surfactants that increases the germicidal potency and cleaning ability of the solution. Over 130 clinical studies have validated that AHP is safe and effective at killing viruses and bacteria. AHP offers several advantages over traditional disinfectants like faster contact times, better cleaning efficacy, lack of irritancy, and favorable environmental profile. It is an EPA-approved Category IV disinfectant suitable for use in animal housing and other facilities to support odor control and surface disinfection.
The document summarizes various sterilization methods used for parenterals including dry heat, moist heat, filtration, radiation, and gas sterilization. Dry heat is used to sterilize glassware and some metals by heating to temperatures between 160-180°C. Moist heat sterilization with steam under pressure is commonly used for liquids and porous materials in an autoclave. Filtration through sterile membranes can sterilize heat-labile solutions. Radiation methods include UV, gamma rays, and electrons. Gaseous methods use ethylene oxide or formaldehyde gas.
dear all ,
is your company also paying a lot contribution for waste water or do you want using your water again for production?,to be sustainable for a better enviroment.
if you instressted contact us and we realy like to explain more details about this new product
herewith we like to introduce our brochure of our waterfilter
The document discusses various methods for water purification on both large and small scales. It describes the multi-stage process of water treatment including storage, filtration through slow sand filters, and disinfection through chlorination or other methods. Key aspects of slow sand filtration are explained such as the vital biological layer and filtration rates. Advantages of slow sand filtration include high quality water output and simple design and operation.
This document discusses various methods for sterilizing gases, liquids, and equipment in bioprocess technology. It describes how sterilization of inlet gases can be achieved through absolute, ceramic, fibrous and stainless steel filters, as well as filter cartridges and membrane filters. It also discusses liquid sterilization using filtration and heat sterilization methods. Sterilization techniques for small equipment include the use of microbiocidal gases, chemicals, radiation and dry heat. Methods for sterilizing large industrial equipment involve valves, piping and eliminating condensation. Validation of sterilization processes is also covered.
This document discusses membrane technology for water treatment. It describes the basic working principle of membranes, which selectively allow water to pass through while blocking other substances like solids, bacteria, and proteins. There are two main types of membrane modules: hollow fine fiber membranes and spiral wound membranes. The performance of membranes can be affected by factors like pH, pressure, temperature, and feed flow. Regular cleaning is needed to prevent fouling, which is typically done through chemical cleaning processes involving low and high pH cleaners.
New Technologies for Water Purification, Ion Exchange(India) LimitedIndia Water Portal
Presentation at the Seminar on Packaged Water Industry in India which was organised by Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) on 30th June 2009.
To know more click on the link http://indiawaterportal.org/post/6790
We thank CII and the presenters for giving us permission to make these presentations available online.
This document provides information about a public health engineering course taught by Ms. A. S. Dungarwal. The course covers various topics related to water purification including clariflocculation, sedimentation, filtration, and advanced water treatment methods. Specific techniques discussed include screening, aeration, coagulation aided sedimentation, slow sand filtration, rapid sand filtration, and pressure filtration. Process details and comparisons of different filtration methods are provided.
The document discusses various methods for purifying water on large and small scales. For large scale purification, it describes the three main steps of storage, filtration, and disinfection. Storage allows impurities to settle through gravity. Filtration removes 98-99% of bacteria and impurities through slow sand or rapid sand filters. Disinfection with chlorine or other chemicals kills remaining pathogens. For small scale purification, it recommends boiling, chemical disinfection, filtration using ceramic filters, ultraviolet irradiation, and reverse osmosis systems to purify water for household use.
includes not only what is waste water, but also how can a treatment plant works to make this clean and reuseable..!!! hopefully it will be helpful for others too.
Physical changes involve alterations in a substance's physical properties like state, shape, or size but no changes to its chemical composition. Chemical changes produce new substances with different chemical compositions through reactions that break and form bonds. Signs of chemical changes include temperature or color changes, gas or precipitate formation, and new detectable odors. Physical properties relate to observable characteristics while chemical properties involve substance reactivity and changes in composition.
This document summarizes various water purification technologies. It discusses common water contaminants like ions, particles, and microorganisms. It then describes several purification methods including filtration, chlorine removal, ion exchange, reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration, ultraviolet treatment, and distillation. Each technology is explained in one or two paragraphs covering its process, materials used, and performance characteristics. The document aims to provide an overview of different options for purifying water supplies.
Marine natural products can be defined as biologically active products such as secondary metabolites, enzymes, lipids, and heteropolysaccharides.
Marine Pharmacognosy is a sub-branch of pharmacognosy which is mainly concerned with the naturally occurring substances of medicinal value from the marine.
Marine macroalgae/seaweed is used as a crude drug to treat iodine deficiency-Goitre, hypothyroidism, for Example- Nori seaweed, Kombu, etc.
This document provides information on a company's portfolio of water purification products. It lists various models of water purification systems with their specifications, including reverse osmosis (RO) units, ultrafiltration units, and desalination units. The systems are intended for uses such as providing clean drinking water in humanitarian crises, expeditions, and for public buildings. Pictures and descriptions of some example models are provided, along with optional extras and specifications.
The document discusses new technologies and product development in the dairy industry, focusing on membrane processing techniques. It describes how membrane processes like reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration and microfiltration are being used for applications like concentration and fractionation of fluid milk and whey. These techniques offer advantages over conventional processes like avoidance of heat-related changes and more efficient energy usage. The document also discusses other emerging technologies like UHT processing and how various membrane modules and configurations are being implemented.
The document describes several extraction techniques including counter-current extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, solid-phase extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasound extraction, and the phytonics process. Counter-current extraction uses solvent flowing in the opposite direction of plant material to efficiently extract compounds. Supercritical fluid extraction uses substances like carbon dioxide in supercritical states for non-toxic extractions. The techniques find various applications in food, fragrance, essential oil, and pharmaceutical extractions.
The slide contains advances (recent developments) in textile pretreatment called desizing, scouring, and bleaching. Different advances such as an enzyme, ozone, and plasma treatments are included for each pretreatment process.
This document provides an overview of nanotechnology and its applications. It discusses the nanoscale, properties of nanoparticles, and how nanotechnology is being used in various industries like packaging, construction, automotive, and consumer products. The summary discusses how nanotechnology is enabling lighter, stronger, and functional materials and introduces some of the health and environmental concerns around nanotechnology.
Welcome to the wunderfull world of cleaning with natural occuring enzymes and bacterias. Improve your FM Operations and reduce your budgets. Many succesful introductions are well documented and available for potential new users. SAHAM STAR is the ultimate all-round supplier for Engineering, Housekeeping, Stewarding in the Hospitality industry, but also for Food Processors, Farms, Workshops and other industries where organic and hydrocarbon related dirt is to be cleaned.
Application of ultrasound and ozone in Cassava Starch Industries Krishnakumar T
Ultrasound and ozone techniques can be applied in starch industries to improve extraction yield and quality. The study optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction of cassava starch and found extraction temperature of 41°C, ultrasonic power of 287.43 W, extraction time of 27.48 min and solid-liquid ratio of 1:19.9 g/ml maximized starch yield at 76.64%. Ozone is a natural antimicrobial and bleaching agent that can safely whiten cassava starch without chemicals.
Mistop is a natural alternative for reducing acid mist that forms during copper electrowinning processes. It is a non-ionic surfactant made from the Quillaja saponaria tree that lowers the surface tension of electrolytes, decreasing the force of bubbles exploding and reducing mist formation. Field tests show Mistop can decrease total aerosol levels by over 50% without affecting solvent extraction or electrowinning. As a natural product, Mistop is biodegradable and poses no safety or environmental risks for plant operations or personnel.
The document describes a student research project to produce biodiesel from microalgae. The goals are to save the environment from CO2 emissions, use sewage water, and produce a renewable energy source. The students order different types of microalgae, build photobioreactors and an open pond, cultivate the algae, and separate the algae from water to extract oil and produce biodiesel. Monitoring of the algae growth and contaminant removal in the open pond is also described.
The document describes a student research project to produce biodiesel from microalgae. The goals are to save the environment from CO2 emissions, use sewage water, and produce a renewable energy source. The students ordered algae samples, built reactors including an open pond, cultivated the algae, separated it from water, and planned to extract oil and make biodiesel. Key steps included growing algae in bottles and reactors, testing diesel exhaust on algae, and estimating costs.
Nanotechnology can be applied to water treatment in several ways. Nanofiltration uses carbon nanotubes as filters, allowing water molecules to pass through while blocking larger contaminants. Nanoparticles can also be used as treatment agents to remove various impurities. Overall, nanotechnology may lead to more effective filtration that removes more impurities faster and more selectively than conventional methods.
The document discusses various methods for water purification on both large and small scales. It describes the multi-stage process of water treatment including storage, filtration through slow sand filters, and disinfection through chlorination or other methods. Key aspects of slow sand filtration are explained such as the vital biological layer and filtration rates. Advantages of slow sand filtration include high quality water output and simple design and operation.
This document discusses various methods for sterilizing gases, liquids, and equipment in bioprocess technology. It describes how sterilization of inlet gases can be achieved through absolute, ceramic, fibrous and stainless steel filters, as well as filter cartridges and membrane filters. It also discusses liquid sterilization using filtration and heat sterilization methods. Sterilization techniques for small equipment include the use of microbiocidal gases, chemicals, radiation and dry heat. Methods for sterilizing large industrial equipment involve valves, piping and eliminating condensation. Validation of sterilization processes is also covered.
This document discusses membrane technology for water treatment. It describes the basic working principle of membranes, which selectively allow water to pass through while blocking other substances like solids, bacteria, and proteins. There are two main types of membrane modules: hollow fine fiber membranes and spiral wound membranes. The performance of membranes can be affected by factors like pH, pressure, temperature, and feed flow. Regular cleaning is needed to prevent fouling, which is typically done through chemical cleaning processes involving low and high pH cleaners.
New Technologies for Water Purification, Ion Exchange(India) LimitedIndia Water Portal
Presentation at the Seminar on Packaged Water Industry in India which was organised by Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) on 30th June 2009.
To know more click on the link http://indiawaterportal.org/post/6790
We thank CII and the presenters for giving us permission to make these presentations available online.
This document provides information about a public health engineering course taught by Ms. A. S. Dungarwal. The course covers various topics related to water purification including clariflocculation, sedimentation, filtration, and advanced water treatment methods. Specific techniques discussed include screening, aeration, coagulation aided sedimentation, slow sand filtration, rapid sand filtration, and pressure filtration. Process details and comparisons of different filtration methods are provided.
The document discusses various methods for purifying water on large and small scales. For large scale purification, it describes the three main steps of storage, filtration, and disinfection. Storage allows impurities to settle through gravity. Filtration removes 98-99% of bacteria and impurities through slow sand or rapid sand filters. Disinfection with chlorine or other chemicals kills remaining pathogens. For small scale purification, it recommends boiling, chemical disinfection, filtration using ceramic filters, ultraviolet irradiation, and reverse osmosis systems to purify water for household use.
includes not only what is waste water, but also how can a treatment plant works to make this clean and reuseable..!!! hopefully it will be helpful for others too.
Physical changes involve alterations in a substance's physical properties like state, shape, or size but no changes to its chemical composition. Chemical changes produce new substances with different chemical compositions through reactions that break and form bonds. Signs of chemical changes include temperature or color changes, gas or precipitate formation, and new detectable odors. Physical properties relate to observable characteristics while chemical properties involve substance reactivity and changes in composition.
This document summarizes various water purification technologies. It discusses common water contaminants like ions, particles, and microorganisms. It then describes several purification methods including filtration, chlorine removal, ion exchange, reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration, ultraviolet treatment, and distillation. Each technology is explained in one or two paragraphs covering its process, materials used, and performance characteristics. The document aims to provide an overview of different options for purifying water supplies.
Marine natural products can be defined as biologically active products such as secondary metabolites, enzymes, lipids, and heteropolysaccharides.
Marine Pharmacognosy is a sub-branch of pharmacognosy which is mainly concerned with the naturally occurring substances of medicinal value from the marine.
Marine macroalgae/seaweed is used as a crude drug to treat iodine deficiency-Goitre, hypothyroidism, for Example- Nori seaweed, Kombu, etc.
This document provides information on a company's portfolio of water purification products. It lists various models of water purification systems with their specifications, including reverse osmosis (RO) units, ultrafiltration units, and desalination units. The systems are intended for uses such as providing clean drinking water in humanitarian crises, expeditions, and for public buildings. Pictures and descriptions of some example models are provided, along with optional extras and specifications.
The document discusses new technologies and product development in the dairy industry, focusing on membrane processing techniques. It describes how membrane processes like reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration and microfiltration are being used for applications like concentration and fractionation of fluid milk and whey. These techniques offer advantages over conventional processes like avoidance of heat-related changes and more efficient energy usage. The document also discusses other emerging technologies like UHT processing and how various membrane modules and configurations are being implemented.
The document describes several extraction techniques including counter-current extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, solid-phase extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasound extraction, and the phytonics process. Counter-current extraction uses solvent flowing in the opposite direction of plant material to efficiently extract compounds. Supercritical fluid extraction uses substances like carbon dioxide in supercritical states for non-toxic extractions. The techniques find various applications in food, fragrance, essential oil, and pharmaceutical extractions.
The slide contains advances (recent developments) in textile pretreatment called desizing, scouring, and bleaching. Different advances such as an enzyme, ozone, and plasma treatments are included for each pretreatment process.
This document provides an overview of nanotechnology and its applications. It discusses the nanoscale, properties of nanoparticles, and how nanotechnology is being used in various industries like packaging, construction, automotive, and consumer products. The summary discusses how nanotechnology is enabling lighter, stronger, and functional materials and introduces some of the health and environmental concerns around nanotechnology.
Welcome to the wunderfull world of cleaning with natural occuring enzymes and bacterias. Improve your FM Operations and reduce your budgets. Many succesful introductions are well documented and available for potential new users. SAHAM STAR is the ultimate all-round supplier for Engineering, Housekeeping, Stewarding in the Hospitality industry, but also for Food Processors, Farms, Workshops and other industries where organic and hydrocarbon related dirt is to be cleaned.
Application of ultrasound and ozone in Cassava Starch Industries Krishnakumar T
Ultrasound and ozone techniques can be applied in starch industries to improve extraction yield and quality. The study optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction of cassava starch and found extraction temperature of 41°C, ultrasonic power of 287.43 W, extraction time of 27.48 min and solid-liquid ratio of 1:19.9 g/ml maximized starch yield at 76.64%. Ozone is a natural antimicrobial and bleaching agent that can safely whiten cassava starch without chemicals.
Mistop is a natural alternative for reducing acid mist that forms during copper electrowinning processes. It is a non-ionic surfactant made from the Quillaja saponaria tree that lowers the surface tension of electrolytes, decreasing the force of bubbles exploding and reducing mist formation. Field tests show Mistop can decrease total aerosol levels by over 50% without affecting solvent extraction or electrowinning. As a natural product, Mistop is biodegradable and poses no safety or environmental risks for plant operations or personnel.
The document describes a student research project to produce biodiesel from microalgae. The goals are to save the environment from CO2 emissions, use sewage water, and produce a renewable energy source. The students order different types of microalgae, build photobioreactors and an open pond, cultivate the algae, and separate the algae from water to extract oil and produce biodiesel. Monitoring of the algae growth and contaminant removal in the open pond is also described.
The document describes a student research project to produce biodiesel from microalgae. The goals are to save the environment from CO2 emissions, use sewage water, and produce a renewable energy source. The students ordered algae samples, built reactors including an open pond, cultivated the algae, separated it from water, and planned to extract oil and make biodiesel. Key steps included growing algae in bottles and reactors, testing diesel exhaust on algae, and estimating costs.
Nanotechnology can be applied to water treatment in several ways. Nanofiltration uses carbon nanotubes as filters, allowing water molecules to pass through while blocking larger contaminants. Nanoparticles can also be used as treatment agents to remove various impurities. Overall, nanotechnology may lead to more effective filtration that removes more impurities faster and more selectively than conventional methods.
This presentation will provide an introduction to the technology and benefits of Waters ACQUITY Ultra Performance Convergence Chromatography system (UPC2) and illustrate how it can impact the analysis of chemicals and polymers.
This document discusses several applications of nanofiltration membranes for water treatment and separation processes. It describes using nanofiltration membranes to separate amoxicillin from pharmaceutical wastewater based on differences in molecular weight. It also discusses nanofiltration applications in the dairy industry for processes like partial demineralization of whey, lactose reduction, and detergent recovery from cleaning solutions. Additional applications discussed include removing cyanobacterial metabolites from water, concentrating copper in acid rinse water from mining operations, and treating textile wastewater.
The new LV1 Microfluidizer processor allows for high pressure processing of small sample volumes between 1-20ml with near total sample recovery. It is well-suited for applications in research and development, discovery, exploratory studies, and small clinical studies due to its scalability and ability to process small volumes. The LV1 provides consistent shear rates and particle size reduction performance comparable to larger Microfluidizer systems.
1. The document discusses the application of radiation-produced oligo chitosan as a plant growth promoter through field tests in Indonesia.
2. It describes how shrimp and crab shells from Indonesia's seafood industry can be processed into chitosan and then oligo chitosan using radiation technology.
3. Field tests on crops like chili peppers, potatoes, and carrots showed that spraying oligo chitosan on the soil and plants led to increased yields and improved plant growth compared to untreated control crops.
This document summarizes pharmaceutical waste water treatment technologies. It begins with an overview of the types of waste generated from pharmaceutical industries and their environmental impacts. It then discusses various treatment parameters and processes used to treat this waste water, including:
1) Biological treatments like aerobic and anaerobic processes using activated sludge or membrane bioreactors.
2) Advanced treatments for recovery like membrane technologies, activated carbon, and membrane distillation.
3) Advanced oxidation processes like ozonation, Fenton's reaction, photocatalysis, and electrochemical oxidation.
4) Hybrid technologies that combine different treatment steps are effective for chemical synthesis and fermentation waste streams.
Similar to Penjernih Air karya Profesor IGD Wenten (20)
Comprehensive Rainy Season Advisory: Safety and Preparedness Tips.pdfDr Rachana Gujar
The "Comprehensive Rainy Season Advisory: Safety and Preparedness Tips" offers essential guidance for navigating rainy weather conditions. It covers strategies for staying safe during storms, flood prevention measures, and advice on preparing for inclement weather. This advisory aims to ensure individuals are equipped with the knowledge and resources to handle the challenges of the rainy season effectively, emphasizing safety, preparedness, and resilience.
Let's Talk About It: Breast Cancer (What is Mindset and Does it Really Matter?)bkling
Your mindset is the way you make sense of the world around you. This lens influences the way you think, the way you feel, and how you might behave in certain situations. Let's talk about mindset myths that can get us into trouble and ways to cultivate a mindset to support your cancer survivorship in authentic ways. Let’s Talk About It!
We are one of the top Massage Spa Ajman Our highly skilled, experienced, and certified massage therapists from different corners of the world are committed to serving you with a soothing and relaxing experience. Luxuriate yourself at our spas in Sharjah and Ajman, which are indeed enriched with an ambiance of relaxation and tranquility. We could confidently claim that we are one of the most affordable Spa Ajman and Sharjah as well, where you can book the massage session of your choice for just 99 AED at any time as we are open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
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Get Covid Testing at Fit to Fly PCR TestNX Healthcare
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MYASTHENIA GRAVIS POWER POINT PRESENTATIONblessyjannu21
Myasthenia gravis is a neurological disease. It affects the grave muscles in our body. Myasthenia gravis affects how the nerves communicate with the muscles. Drooping eyelids and/or double vision are often the first noticeable sign. It is involving the muscles controlling the eyes movement, facial expression, chewing and swallowing. It also effects the muscles neck and lip movement and respiration.
It is a neuromuscular disease characterized by abnormal weakness of voluntary muscles that improved with rest and the administration of anti-cholinesterase drugs.
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DECODING THE RISKS - ALCOHOL, TOBACCO & DRUGS.pdfDr Rachana Gujar
Introduction: Substance use education is crucial due to its prevalence and societal impact.
Alcohol Use: Immediate and long-term risks include impaired judgment, health issues, and social consequences.
Tobacco Use: Immediate effects include increased heart rate, while long-term risks encompass cancer and heart disease.
Drug Use: Risks vary depending on the drug type, including health and psychological implications.
Prevention Strategies: Education, healthy coping mechanisms, community support, and policies are vital in preventing substance use.
Harm Reduction Strategies: Safe use practices, medication-assisted treatment, and naloxone availability aim to reduce harm.
Seeking Help for Addiction: Recognizing signs, available treatments, support systems, and resources are essential for recovery.
Personal Stories: Real stories of recovery emphasize hope and resilience.
Interactive Q&A: Engage the audience and encourage discussion.
Conclusion: Recap key points and emphasize the importance of awareness, prevention, and seeking help.
Resources: Provide contact information and links for further support.
This particular slides consist of- what is Pneumothorax,what are it's causes and it's effect on body, risk factors, symptoms,complications, diagnosis and role of physiotherapy in it.
This slide is very helpful for physiotherapy students and also for other medical and healthcare students.
Here is a summary of Pneumothorax:
Pneumothorax, also known as a collapsed lung, is a condition that occurs when air leaks into the space between the lung and chest wall. This air buildup puts pressure on the lung, preventing it from expanding fully when you breathe. A pneumothorax can cause a complete or partial collapse of the lung.
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This particular slides consist of- what is hypertension,what are it's causes and it's effect on body, risk factors, symptoms,complications, diagnosis and role of physiotherapy in it.
This slide is very helpful for physiotherapy students and also for other medical and healthcare students.
Here is summary of hypertension -
Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a serious medical condition that occurs when blood pressure in the body's arteries is consistently too high. Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of blood vessels as the heart pumps it. Hypertension can increase the risk of heart disease, brain disease, kidney disease, and premature death.
Chandrima Spa Ajman is one of the leading Massage Center in Ajman, which is open 24 hours exclusively for men. Being one of the most affordable Spa in Ajman, we offer Body to Body massage, Kerala Massage, Malayali Massage, Indian Massage, Pakistani Massage Russian massage, Thai massage, Swedish massage, Hot Stone Massage, Deep Tissue Massage, and many more. Indulge in the ultimate massage experience and book your appointment today. We are confident that you will leave our Massage spa feeling refreshed, rejuvenated, and ready to take on the world.
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This particular slides consist of- what is hypotension,what are it's causes and it's effect on body, risk factors, symptoms,complications, diagnosis and role of physiotherapy in it.
This slide is very helpful for physiotherapy students and also for other medical and healthcare students.
Here is the summary of hypotension:
Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is when the pressure of blood circulating in the body is lower than normal or expected. It's only a problem if it negatively impacts the body and causes symptoms. Normal blood pressure is usually between 90/60 mmHg and 120/80 mmHg, but pressures below 90/60 are generally considered hypotensive.
As Mumbai's premier kidney transplant and donation center, L H Hiranandani Hospital Powai is not just a medical facility; it's a beacon of hope where cutting-edge science meets compassionate care, transforming lives and redefining the standards of kidney health in India.
Unlocking the Secrets to Safe Patient Handling.pdfLift Ability
Furthermore, the time constraints and workload in healthcare settings can make it challenging for caregivers to prioritise safe patient handling Australia practices, leading to shortcuts and increased risks.
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Penjernih Air karya Profesor IGD Wenten
1. I G. WENTEN
Faculty Member, Chemical Engineering Deparment – ITB
Head, DSP Biotech Lab, Inter University Research center, ITB
Postdoctoral Researcher, Unesco Center on Membrane, UNSW, Australia, 1995
Expert Staf, X-Flow B.V., The Netherlands, 1993-1994
Researcher, Bioseparation Research Center, RPI, New York, USA, 1991
Internatonal Expert, Institute of Hydrogen Economy, UTM, Malaysia
R&D Supervisor, Shanghai Megavision Membrane, China
Senior International Supervisor, Guangdong Jin Gang New Material Co. Ltd., China
Peneliti Utama, di hampir semua program riset nasional di Indonesia
Plenary, Keynote, dan Invited Speaker, Invited Lecturer, Conterence Chairman, lebih dari 100 events
Publikasi ilmiah, lebih dari 200 makalah national dan internasional
Gugus Tugas HKI (hak atas kekayaan intelektual) ITB, KemenRistek, dan Dikti
Editorial dan Advisory Board, beberapa Institusi Keilmuan dan Jurnal Ilmiah
Tenaga Ahli, Team Ahli, Supervisor, dan Konsultan, beberapa Perusahaan dan Institusi di Indonesia
Pendiri, Asean Association on Membrane dan GDPFilter Indonesia
2. AWARDS AND ACHIEVEMENTS
GRANTED PATENTS, 15 Paten Nasional dan Internasional
KARYA UNGGULAN TEKNOLOGI ANAK BANGSA, KemenRistek, Hakteknas 2014
BJ. HABIBIE TECHNOLOGY AWARD, BPPT, 2013
GOLD MEDAL-GANESHA INNOVATION AWARD, IA-ITB, 2013
SOEGENG SARJADI AWARD, SSSG, 2012
ASEAN OUTSTANDING ENGINEERING AWARD, AFEO, 2010
ADHICIPTA REKAYASA-EMAS, PII (Persatuan Insinyur Indonesia), 2009
COMPETENCY AWARD, Badan Nasional Sertifikasi Profesi, Indonesia, 2009
ANUGERAH RISET UNGGULAN TERPADU, KemenRistek, 2004
WIPO AWARD (BEST INVENTOR), WIPO-UNDP, 2002
HABIBIE AWARD, Habibie Center, 2000
PENELITI MUDA INDONESIA, LIPI (Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia), 1996
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AWARD, Toray Science Foundation, 1996
ADHICIPTA REKAYASA, PII (Persatuan Insinyur Indonesia), 1995
SUTTLE AWARD, Filtration Society, London, 1994
ALUMNI TERBAIK ITB-82, 2002, Penghargaan yang paling dibanggakan
18. Activated carbon
Reduce unpleasant odors, organic matter and rsidual
chlorine
Hollow fine fiber Membrane
The core competence of this unit. Ultrafiltration
membrane can remove almost 100% of colloids,
bacteria, viruses and all of particulate matters
reponsible for turbidity .
Bioceramic
Alkalinity agent and enhancing anti oxidant quality of
drinking water. It also enhances freshness of drinking
water
Single module that integrate three stages of
filtration
RAIN WATER HARVESTING
19.
20.
21. EMPOWERING SMALL SCALE BUSNISSES
PATHOGENIC REMOVAL IN HATCHERY
VEGETABLE OIL CLARIFICATION
LUBE OIL RE-USE
GELATIN CLARIFICATION
COCONUT JUICE ULTRAFILTRATION
PALM SUGAR CONCENTRATION
22. UF 30,000 Da
Hatchery
Grow-out
Membrane Based Recirculation System
for Sustainable Aquaculture
25. Penumbuhan dan pemanenan dalam satu alat terintegrasi
Tidak membutuhkan tempat yang luas
Mampu meningkatkan densitas mikroalga dalam reaktor
Tidak membutuhkan energi yang besar
HIGH DENSITY ALGAE MEMBRANE REACTOR USING MEMBRANE DIFUSER
26. Solusi Holistik untuk produksi etanol secara berkelanjutan
Etanol yang dihasilkan memiliki konsentrasi cukup tinggi
Rasa bir tetap terjaga
NON-POROUS MD FOR BEER DEALCOHOLIZATION
36. Cooling tower
Process streams
requiring cooling
Cooling water
recirculation
(QR)
Tower packing
Heat exchanger
Blowdown water
Evaporation loss
1% QR per
5.6oC T drop
Windage
loss (mist)
0.2% QR
Heat Transfer
PLANT
HEAT TRANSFER
Heat exchanger
Hollow Fiber Cooling Tower
HEAT DISSIPATION VIA
EVAPORATION
Blowdown
High salt conc.
Make-up
cooling water
Soft water
Make-up
boiler feed
water
Preheater
BOILER
Vapor
Membrane
pore
Cooling
water
Condensate
Hollow fiber
Hollow fiber
Stagnant
air
HOLLOW FIBER COOLING TOWER
M
T
Hollowfibermodule
TR
WB
NaCl solution
M
T
TR
DW
M
T
WB
DW DW
M
T
Over-flow
Measuring
cylinder
Feed
pump
Permeate
pump
Needle
valve
Needle
valve
Adjustable
DC power
supply
52. c
COMPARISON OF BASELINE FLUXES
FOR THE THREE DIFFERENT MEMBRANES
Mueller, et al, 1997
Op. cond.: 10 psig TMP, 250 ppm heavy oil, 40°C, and 0.24 ms -1
53. SCALE FORMATION
Main culprits: CaCO3 and (rarely) SiO2
Causes drop in product water quality
In severe cases causes drop in concentrate flow
(increase in pressure drop)
Need to analyze feed and concentrate for
hardness or silica
(mass balance calculation)
Scale control
• Pre-treatment
• Chemicals
• Concentration factor
55. OTHER FLUX ENHANCEMENT METHODS
Electrical Methods
Used for fouling due to charge interactions between charged solutes and the
membrane
An electric field can be applied to the flowing fluid, with one electrode being
cast on or placed against the membrane, and the other electrode within the
liquid, but away from the membrane surface
Intermittent Jets
Unsteady flows and large vortices can be generated with an intermittent jet of
the feed pumped through a nozzle placed coaxially in a membrane tube causes
the velocity of the feed to abruptly increase and then decrease resulting higher
flux.
Pulsatile Flow
Pulsations in the feed or permeate channels obtained with pistons
56. MEMBRANE CLEANING
Foulant Reagent Time &Temperature Mode of Action
Fats, oils, proteins,
polysaccharides, bacteria,
0.5N NaOH with 200 ppm
Cl2
30 - 60 min
25 – 55oC
Hydrolysis and oxidation
DNA, mineral salts
0.1 – 0.5M acid (acetic,
citric, nitric)
30 - 60 min
25 – 55oC
Solubilization
Fats, oils, biopolymers,
proteins
0.1%SDS; 0.1% Triton X-
100;
30 min-overnight
25 – 55oC
Wetting, emulsifying,
suspending, dispersing
Cell fragments, fats, oils,
proteins
Enzyme, detergent
30 min-overnight
30 – 40oC
Catalytic breakdown
(proteolysis)
DNA 0.5% DNAase
30 min-overnight
30 – 40oC
Enzyme hydrolysis
Fats, oils, and grease 20-50% ethanol
30 - 60 min
25 – 55oC
Solubilization
Membranes have to cleaned typically when:
- Normalized Permeate flow varies by 10-15%
- Normalized Feed pressure varies by 10-15%
- Normalized Permeate conductivity varies by 10-15%
- Pressure drop between feed and concentrate varies by 10-15%
57. CLEANING PARAMETERS
Membrane materials and chemistry
• This determines a membrane's ability to withstand the action of the chemical cleaners
Fluid mechanics
• should be pumped through the system under turbulent flow conditions
• the pressures should be as low as possible, but consistent with the dP required to maintain high flow
rates
Time
• most chemical cleaners complete their action within 30-60 min. Prolonged cleaning after the
optimum time may actually cause refouling of the membrane due to the filtration effect
Temperature
• the temperature of the cleaning solution should be as high as possible, consistent with temperature
limitations of the membrane/module
Water quality
• soft water should be used.
pH
• Alkaline cleaners containing NaOH or KOH are particularly effective for organics and proteins
• Acidic cleaners are primarily used to combat inorganic salt fouling
63. 63
INTENSIFICATION IN LARGE SCALE
MEMBRANE BASED DESALINATION PLANT
• I G. Wenten
• Teknik Kimia-ITB, igwenten@gmail.com
64. 1 Hydrogen Membrane for Syngas mixture Fed into Pd-Ag Mreactor
2 Membrane Crystallization For Selective Polymorph Crystallization
3.Latest Development of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane FC (PEMFC)
4 Aroma Recovery by Pervaporation
5 Membrane Crystallizer of Nanofiltration Brine Solution
6 Modified PEEK Membrane With Honey Comb Structure
7. Mega Magnum System
8. Membrane Osmotic Distillation
9. Reverse Osmosis Energy Recovery Device
10. Carbon Nanotube Membrane
11. Forward Osmosis Membrane Bioreactor
12. Fullerenes Prevent Biofouling in Membrane Microfiltration
13. Membrane Distillation Bioreactor
14. Integrated Membrane for Desalination
15. Inland Desalination
16. Membrane Sensor
17. Nanostructured Asymmetric Membrane
18. Boron Removal With SWRO
19. Well Defined Shape and Size Crystal with Membrane Crystallizer
20. Incorporating Amino Group in Polymeric network for composite
21. Aquaporin Membrane
22. Nanofiltration as Reverse Osmosis Pretreatment
23. Forward Osmosis (FO)
24. Air Separation At High Temperature
25. Membrane For Artificial Organs
26. Membrane Biohybrid System Using Hepatocytes
27. Latest Development In Enzymatic Membrane Reactor
28. Membrane in Tissue Engineering
29. Membrane Emulsifier
30. Recent Advances in Bipolar Membrane
31. Non Modular Membrane System
32. Super Hydrophobic Membrane
66. 66
MEMBRANE DISTILLATION
Al-Obaidani et al., Journal of Membrane Science 323 (2008) 85–98
Feed
H2O
Permeate
H2O
Liquid
water
Air/vapour
Liquid
water
Hydrophobic
porous membrane
T1 > T2
T1 T2
67. 67
ELECTRODEIONIZATION
Largest Continuous Electrodeionization Plant in Con Edison’s East
River Repowering Project, New York. Capacity 1,530 m3/day
CEDI Units
Final treatment using Continuous
electrodeionization
RO Units
Contain 2 pass reverse osmosis unit
Filter Units
Anti Scalant injection
Raw water tank Cooling HE
Polymeric Coagulant
Multi Media Filters
Antiscalant
Cartridge Filters
Sodium Bisulfite
Reverse Osmosis Electrodeionization Silos
74. IODINE RECOVERY FROM PRODUCED WATER
Concentrating iodide in the brine
Pei Xu, Jörg E. Drewes, Dean
Heil ; Desalination 225, (2008)
Water quality of produced water extracted from a natural gas production site
(natural gas production site in Eastern Montana)
Iodide concentration in brine after membrane treatment
75. Ozone oxidation of produced water using ceramic membrane diffuser
P
Separator
Pressure Gauge
Flue gas
CeramicMembraneDiffuser
SampleMembraneAirFilter
Ozone Generator
Pump
Globe valve
Needle valve
Needle valve
Compressor
BTEX
solution
76. 76
WASTE BRINE RECYCLE PROJECT
Producued water Softening Reinjection
Ion exchange (softener) regeneration
Salt consumption: 90 ton/day
Waste brine disposal:
3180–4770 m3/day
High NaCl concentration
High Ca and Mg concentration cause scaling
and clogging to pipe