Peer-to-peer (P2P) networks enable participants to share files directly, allowing all peers to act as both clients and servers, enhancing network durability. Examples such as BitTorrent and Napster illustrate the functionality, benefits, and challenges of P2P networks, including scalability, reliability, and security concerns. While they facilitate efficient distribution of large files, they also face legal and bandwidth consumption issues.

1. Peer to Peer Networks and Cyberlockers and explain with the
help of examples.

2. Peer-to-Peer Networks
Definition:
• Peer- to- peer( P2P) networks are scatter networks where each
participator( peer) has equal status and can serve both as a customer and a
waiter. Unlike traditional customer- waiter models, P2P networks distribute
fund and workloads among all peers, strenghtening versatility and duration.
Functionality:
• Every peer in a P2P network has the ability to transfer files directly with other
peers, bypassing the need for a central server. The network is more durable
due to this spread as there isn't a single point of failure. Peers connect to each
other, form a mesh network, and communicate to share data.
• Examples: BitTorrent

3. Working:
• BitTorrent splits large lines into lower bits. When a addict downloads a range, they
coincidentally upload corridor of the train they've formerly downloaded to other
addicts. This process, known as" planting," enhances download preferences and
reduces the burden on any single addict.
• Use Case: BitTorrent is often used for distributing large files like software, movies,
and games.
• Napster (Historical):
• How it Worked: Napster allowed users to share and download MP3 files directly
from each other’s computers. It counted on a central server to index files and
manage connections.
• Impact: Although shut down due to legal issues, Napster revolutionized the music
diligence by hyping digital music sharing.

4. Advantages
• Advantages:
• Scalability: More peers can join the network without twisting resources.
• Reliability: The network remains in operation even if some peers go offline.
• Cost-Efficiency: Reduces the need for condensed infrastructure and maintenance.
•
• Challenges:
• Security: P2P networks can be receptive to malware and unofficial access.
• Legal Issues: The dispersed nature can assist illegal file sharing, raising copyright
affairs.
• Bandwidth Consumption: Can cause individual networks to use a significant amount of
bandwidth.