This document outlines the Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques Act (PNDT Act) of India. It has 7 chapters and aims to prohibit sex selection and regulate pre-natal diagnostic techniques. Key points include that all genetic counseling centers, clinics, and laboratories must register under the Act; sex determination and disclosure of the sex of the fetus is prohibited; and failure to comply with the Act can result in fines and imprisonment. The Act also establishes Advisory Committees and Appropriate Authorities to implement and oversee compliance with its provisions.

2. ◾ CHAPTER – 1 – INTRODUCTION
◾ CHAPTER – 2 - DEFINITIONS
◾ CHAPTER – 3 - REGISTRATION
◾ CHAPTER – 4 - PROHIBITIONS
◾ CHAPTER – 5 – INSTRUMENTAITIES
◾ CHAPTER – 6- MAINTAINENCEOF RECORDS
◾ CHAPTER – 7 –SEARCH &SEIZURE

3. ◾ PRE- CONCEPTION & PRE- NATAL
DIAGNOSTICTECHNIQUESACT, 1994
◾ AN "ACT" ISAWRITTENORDINANCEOF
PARLIAMENT
◾ NATIONALSEX RATIO – 933/1000(2001
CENSUS) 940/1000(2011 CENSUS)

4. ◾ An ACTto provide for the PROHIBITIONof
sex selection, before or after conception, and for
REGULATIONof pre-natal diagnostic
techniques for the purposes of detecting
abnormalities or metabolic disorders or chromosomal
abnormalities or certain congenital malformations or
sex-linked disorders and for the PREVENTION
of their misuse for sex determination leading to
female foeticide & for matters connected therewith or
incidental thereto

5. ◾ The Pre-conception and Pre-natal DiagnosticTechniques
(Prohibition of SexSelection)Act.
◾CONCEPTUS means any product of conception at any
stage of development from fertilization until birth
including extra embryonic membranes.
◾EMBRYO fertilizationTO EIGHTWEEKS (fifty-six days).
◾FOETUS means a human organism during the period of
its development beginning on the FIFTY-SEVENTH day
following fertilization ending at the birth.

6. ◾PROCEDURES(TECHNIQUE)
◾PLACES
◾PERSONS

7. ◾ Ultrasonography
◾ Foetoscopy
◾ Amniotic fluid
◾ Chorionic villi
◾ Blood
◾ Any tissue/Fluid

8. ◾ GENETIC COUNSELLINGCENTRE
◾ GENETIC CLINIC – CONDUCT PND
procedures – includesUSG imaging machine
carried in a vehicle
◾ GENETIC LABORATORY-CONDUCT
ANALYSIS - PLACE

9. ◾ Gynaecologist
◾ MedicalGeneticist
◾ Paediatrician
◾ Registered Medical Practitioner
◾ Laboratory technician
◾ Radiologist
◾ Sonologist or Imaging Specialist - Sonologist,
Imaging Specialist, Radiologist or Registered
Medical Practitioner having PostGraduate degree or
diploma or six months training or one year
experience in sonography or image scanning.

10. ◾ Log book – High quality images.
◾ Level 1 training – 200 cases [95Obstetric 105
Non-obstetric]
◾ Objective structured assessment ofTechnical
skills [OSATS]
 General skills
 1st trimester
 Menorrhagia
 Post menopausal bleed
 General abdomen
◾ Exam

11. • APPLICATION MADETOCHIEF MEDICALOFFICEROFTHE
DISTRICT. REGISTER,AT LEAST 3 MONTHS INADVANCE.
• DUPLICATE IN FORM A
• AFFIDAVIT
• ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSLIP
• APPLICATION FEE INTHE FORMOFA DD
• 25,000 since 2012 FORGCC/GC/GL &UL
TRASOUNDCLINIC
• 35,000 since 2012 FORANY PLACE PROVIDINGA
COMBINATIONTHEREOF

12. ◾ Certificate of registration shall be given in
duplicate and in the form as prescribed in FORM
B.
◾ The grant of certificate of registration shall be
communicated < 90 days from the date of receipt of
application for registration.
◾ Doctors using USG machines need to have their names
entered in the PC-PNDT certificate or on a separate sheet
that must be displayed along with the PC-PNDT registration
certificate.

14. ◾ VALID FORA PERIODOF FIVEYEARS SINCE ITS ISSUANCE.
◾ Non-transferable
◾ Change of ownership –Old certificate is surrendered
◾ New owner- apply for fresh application.
◾ One center can have multipleUSG machines, but the
manufacturer’s name and the makes and models of the
machines should be noted in the PC-PNDT registration
certificate (all ultrasound machines available at that center
should be registered on the certificate or on a separate attached
sheet).
◾ No doctor other than the one registered in that particular center
may use the machine installed there.
◾ Any changes in the center (e.g., change in machine or place of
use) should be intimated to theAA 30 days in advance.
◾ Any change of the doctor operating the machine should be
intimated to theAA within 30 days.

15. ◾FORMC
◾< 90 days
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rejection of application for registration

16. ◾ SHOWCAUSE NOTICE
◾ APPEAL: <30 DAYS
◾ APPROPRIATEAUTHORITY –
DISTRICT/SUBDISTRICT/STATE/UT LEVEL.
◾ APPEAL DISPOSED < 60 DAYS

17. ◾ FOR FRESHAPPLICATION - 30 DAYS BEFORETHE DATEOF
EXPIRY.
◾ RENEWAL - DUPLICATE - FORMA
◾ APPROPRIATE AUTHORITY - ACKNOWLEDGEMENT SLIP
PROVIDEDATTHE BOTTOMOF FORMAONTHEVERY SAME
DAY IF PERSONALL
Y DELIVERED, OTHERWISEONTHE NEXT
DAY BY POST.
◾ REGISTRATION FEESOF HALFOFWHATWAS INITIALL
Y
◾ VALID FORA PERIODOF 5YEARS.
◾ EARLIERCERTIFICATESWILL HAVETO BESURRENDERED
IMMEDIATEL
YTOTHEAPPROPRIATEAUTHORITY

18. ◾ Every genetic counselling centre or genetic
clinic or genetic laboratory is required to
DISPLAY prominently a notice in
ENGLISH and in the LOCAL
LANGUAGE or languages that “conduct of
sex-determination tests/disclosure of sex of
the foetus is prohibited”.

19. ◾ CHROMOSOMALABNORMALITIES
◾ CONGENITALANOMALIES
◾ GENETIC METABOLIC DISEASES
◾ HAEMOGLOBINOPATHIES
◾ SEX-LINKEDGENETIC DISEASES

20. ◾ FURTHER PERMISSIBLE [“4A’s”]–
◾AGEOFTHE PREGNANTWOMAN ISABOVE 35YEARS
◾ABORTIONs -PREGNANTWOMAN HAS
UNDERGONE 2OR MORESPONTANEOUSABORTIONSOR
FOETAL LOSS
◾AGENTS -PREGNANTWOMAN HAS BEEN EXPOSEDTO
POTENTIALLY TERATOGENICAGENTSSUCHAS DRUGS,
RADIATION, INFECTIONORCHEMICALS
◾AMENTIA -THE PREGNANTWOMANOR HERSPOUSE
HASA FAMILYHISTORYOF MENTAL RETARDATION OR
PHYSICAL DEFORMITIES SUCHAS,SPASTICITYORANY
OTHERGENETIC DISEASE

21. ◾ Written consent
◾ Give a declaration on each report on
Ultrasonography/image scanning that he/she
has neither detected nor disclosed the sex of
foetus.

22. ◾ Imprisonment for a term which may extend to 3years & with a
fine which may extend to 10,000 rupees.
◾ Subsequent conviction, with imprisonment which may extend to
5years and with fine which may extend to 50,000 rupees.
◾ Suspension of the registration if charges are framed by the court
and till the case is disposed.
◾ Removal of name from the register of the council on conviction
for the period of
 5years for the first offence.
 PERMANENTL
Y for the subsequent offence.
 HONORARY/ NAMESAKE basis to a ultrasound clinic, he is equally
responsible.
◾ ADVERTISEMENT of any sort is banned and is punishable under
the Act with a fine of up to Rs.1 Lakh and/or imprisonment for 5
years.

23. ◾ POLICY MAKING BODY
 CENTRALSUPERVISORY BOARD
▪ Minister in charge of the Ministry of Department of Family
Welfare, who is theChairman.
▪ Ten members appointed by theCentralGovernment, two each
from amongst-
▪ 1. Eminent medical geneticists
▪ 2. Eminent gynaecologists and obstetrician
▪ 3. Eminent paediatricians
▪ 4. Eminent social scientists
▪ 5. Representatives of women welfare organizations.
 Mandatory for the Board to meet at least once in 6
months

24. ◾ STATESUPERVISORY BOARD
▪ Ten members to be appointed by the State
Government out of which two each
▪ 1. Eminent social scientists and legal experts
▪ 2. Eminent women activists from non-
governmental organizations or otherwise
▪ 3. Eminent gynaecologists and obstetricians
▪ 4. Eminent paediatricians or medical
geneticists
▪ 5. Eminent radiologists or sonologists

25. ◾ADVISEtheCentralGovernment on policy matters relating to
use of pre-natal diagnostic techniques, sex selection techniques
and against their misuse
◾ To review and monitor implementation of the ACTand the rules
made thereunder and to recommend to theCentralGovernment
changes in both.
◾ To create public AWARENESSagainst the practice of pre-
conception sex selection and pre-natal determination of sex of
foetus leading to female foeticide
◾ Tolay down code of conduct to be observed by persons working at
GCC,GL &GeneticClinics.
◾ Oversee the performance of various bodies (APPROPRIATE
AUTHORITY) constituted under the Act & take appropriate
steps to ensure its proper and effective implementation

26. ◾ APPROPRIATEAUTHORITIES
 District level, theCHIEF MEDICALOFFICERS orTHECIVIL
SURGEONS
▪ To grant, suspend or cancel the registration
▪ To enforce the standards for genetic counselling centre,
genetic clinic and genetic laboratory.
▪ To investigate complaints of breach of provisions of theAct
and the Rules
▪ To take the complaints to the court.
▪ To take appropriate legal action & also to initiate
independent investigations in such matter
▪ To create public awareness against the practice of sex
selection or pre-natal determination of sex.
▪ To supervise the implementation of the provisions of theAct
and rules
▪ To recommend to theCSB andState Boards modifications.
▪ To take action on the recommendations of theAdvisory
Committee made after investigation.

27. ◾ All records (including images) of all the patients are to be
maintained for a minimum of 2 years.
◾ If any legal case against the Centre is pending then the
concerned records should be maintained till the same case is
disposed of.
◾ There should be a board, prominently displayed, with the
message in English and the local language that ‘sex selection
and detection is not done in this Centre and is punishable under
the PC-PNDTAct’.This should be displayed in the waiting area
and theUSG room.
◾ A copy of the PC-PNDTAct should be maintained in the center
and needs to be displayed in the waiting room/reception area
as well as in theUSG room.

28. ◾ A monthly report should be submitted to the AA regularly,
before the 5th of every month.A copy of the same, with the
signature of the AA acknowledging receipt, must be
preserved.
◾ The monthly report to be submitted by the doctor comprises
information like patients referred for obstetrics sonography,
number of patients referred for medical termination of
pregnancy (MTP), weeks of pregnancy when MTP was
conducted (less than 12 weeks and more than 12 weeks)
◾ Referral forms to be preserved with form F

29. ◾ Enter freely into the place of search.
◾ Examine and inspect all documents.
◾ Search at all reasonable times.
◾ Seize and seal any document, record, material
object or equipment .
◾ The machines of the facility that are seized and
sealed may be released if such organization pays
penalty equal to five times of the registration fee
to theAppropriateAuthority concerned and
gives an undertaking that it shall not undertake
detection of sex of foetus.

30. ◾ There are IX.

31. ◾ There areVII.SECTIONSAREAS FOLLOWS
 1 – PNDTACTOF 1994 &AMENDMENT IN 2002
 2 – PNDT RULESOF 1996 & FORMS
 3 – PNDTADVISORYCOMMITTEE RULES 1996
 4-CIVILWRIT PETITION –SUPREMECOURTOF
INDIA
 5 -

32. ◾FORM A
◾ (To be submitted in Duplicate with supporting
documents as enclosures)
◾ FORMOF APPLICATION FOR REGISTRATION
OR RENEWALOF REGISTRATIONOFA
GENETICCOUNSELLINGCENTRE/GENETIC
LABORATORY/GENETICCLINIC/ULTRASOUND
CLINIC/IMAGINGCENTRE.
◾ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

33. ◾ FORM B
 ORIGINAL/DUPLICATE FOR DISPLAY
 CERTIFICATEOF REGISTRATION

34. ◾ FORMC
 FORM FOR REJECTIONOFAPPLICATION FOR
GRANT/ RENEWALOF REGISTRATION
◾ FORM D
 FORM FOR MAINTENANCEOF RECORDS BYTHE
GENETICCOUNSELLINGCENTRE
◾ FORM E
 FORM FOR MAINTENANCEOF RECORDS BY
GENETIC LABORATORY
◾ FORM F
 FORM FOR MAINTENANCEOF RECORDS INCASE
OFA PREGNANTWOMAN BYGENETIC
CLINIC/UL
TRASOUNDCLINIC/IMAGINGCENTRE

35. ◾ FORMG
 FORMOFCONSENT(For invasive techniques)
◾ FORM H
 FORM FOR MAINTENANCE OF PERMANENT
RECORD OF APPLICATIONS FOR
GRANT/REJECTIONOF REGISTRATION UNDER
THE PRE-NATAL DIAGNOSTICTECHNIQUES
(REGULATION AND PREVENTION OF MISUSE)
ACT, 1994

36. ◾ HOW MANY CHAPTERSDOESTHE PNDT
ACT HAVE?ANS – SEVEN (VII)
◾ HOW MANY ANNEXURESDOESTHE
PNDTACT HAVE?ANS – NINE (IX)
◾ HOW MANY APPENDICESDOESTHE
PNDTACT HAVE?ANS – FIVE (V)

37. ◾ WHICH SECTION INTHEAPPENDIX HASALLTHE
FORMS?ANS- 2
◾ WHAT ISANACT?
 Act is a legal document (in written form) passed by a
legislator to regulate certain area of social behavior.
 LAW is generally a system of rules of behavior covering all
sources of law (including acts).
◾ Do MRI &CT machines need to be registered?
◾ Yes, they need to be registered and all changes to
be notified to theAA

42. ◾ HOW MANYTIMES DOYOUSIGNONTHE
FORM F?
 TWOTIMES

45. ◾ Portable machines are prohibited – except
 Used within premises it is registered for providing
services to indoor patients.
 As a part of mobile medical unit which provides a
bouquet of other health and medical services.
 Centres with portable machines – fix it by using
wall mounting/tables

46. ◾ E-advertisement relating to preconception
and prenatal sex determination.
◾ Punishable with 3 years imprisonment with
fine upto 10,000/-

47. ◾ Centre registered – if new CT and MRI are
introduced – submit details of the new
equipment to the appropriate authority – no
need to apply for fresh registration/fees.
◾ ExclusivelyCT and MRI – NOT registered –
NEED to apply for fresh registration.
◾ CT, MRI or B scan –WILL REQUIRE to fill
FORM F – when investigation is done on
pregnant woman – FORABDOMENSCAN
ONLY

48. ◾ Centre registered – if new echocardiography
are introduced – submit details of the new
equipment to the appropriate authority – no
need to apply for fresh registration/fees.
◾ Exclusively Echocardiography– NOT
registered – NEED to apply for fresh
registration.
◾ Echocardiography–WILL REQUIRE to fill
FORM F – when investigation is done on
pregnant woman – FORABDOMENSCAN
ONLYaka Fetal ECHO.

49. ◾ CHAPTER – 1 – INTRODUCTION
◾ CHAPTER – 2 - DEFINITIONS
◾ CHAPTER – 3 - REGISTRATION
◾ CHAPTER – 4 - PROHIBITIONS
◾ CHAPTER – 5 – INSTRUMENTAITIES
◾ CHAPTER – 6- MAINTAINENCEOF RECORDS
◾ CHAPTER – 7 –SEARCH &SEIZURE

50. Thank You