Introduction to Public Health PracticePrevention Health Servic.docxvrickens
Introduction to Public Health Practice
Prevention Health Services
Program Name
Faculty Name :
Date:
Subject Code:
Module No. 4 – Public Health & Health Systems
School of Public Health
1
Objective
2
At the end of this module, the students should be able to
Describe the health system as a public health concern
Discuss Natural history of disease
Identify and describe the levels of prevention and modes of intervention
Learning Outcome
3
The students will acquire knowledge about the natural history of disease as well as the modes of intervention and will be able to apply this knowledge for the prevention of health problems in the community
Content
Public health system
Natural History of Disease
Levels of prevention
Modes of intervention
Health services pyramid
4
Public health system
Relationship between public health and other health activities has never been clear.
Different views prevail among health professionals
Public health is part of the health system or the health system is part of public health?
Most components serve the same ends
The term health system refers to all aspects of the organization, financing and provision of programs and services for prevention and treatment of illness and injury.
The public health system is a component of this larger health system.
Public commonly perceives the health system to include only medical care and treatment aspects of the overall system.
However, public health activities are part of larger set of activities that focus on health, well-being, disease and illness.
Some questions to brainstorm
Does the countries have a rational strategy for investing its resources to maintain and improve people’s health?
Is the current strategy excessive in ways that inequitably limited access to and benefit from needed services?
Is the health system accountable to its end-users and ultimate payers for the quality and results of its services.
The issues of health,
Excess
access,
Accountability
and quality
Make the health system a public health concern
Prevention and Health service
Health and illness are dynamic state that are influenced by a wide variety of biological, environmental, behavioral, social and health services factors acting through an ecological model.
The complex interaction of these factors results in the occurrence or absence of disease or injury.
Which in turn contributes to the health status of individuals and populations.
Prevention and Health services
Before we go to prevention, its necessary to understand the Natural history of disease.
The nineteenth-century revolution in thinking brought about by Koch and Pasteur led to the recognition of distinct stages in the development of a disease.
If left untreated, a disease would evolve through a series of stages that characterize its natural history
But if an intervention is applied, the natural history is modified, producing a typical clinical course for the condit ...
The document discusses evidence-based medicine (EBM) and functional medicine. It notes that EBM aims to provide optimal health rather than just treat disease, taking a patient-centered rather than disease-centered approach. Functional medicine uses a systems-based approach and considers lifestyle, environmental, and genetic factors to identify the underlying causes of disease. It factors in influences like genomics, epigenomics, and the microbiome to build on previous paradigms and improve disease prediction and prevention strategies.
The document discusses clinical decision support systems (CDSS) which are electronic tools that assist clinicians in making clinical decisions for patients. CDSS helps clinicians focus more on interacting with patients by providing clinical guidelines, recommendations, and diagnostic and prescribing support. While these systems can help with continuity of care, implementing them can also lead to confusion and lack of communication if not done properly. The aim is to compare the design and implementation of CDSS to assess diagnostic accuracy before and after its use in patient care.
The document discusses preventive dentistry and dental public health. It defines dental public health as using organized community efforts to prevent and control dental diseases and promote dental health. The goals of preventive dentistry are to prevent factors that cause oral diseases, the diseases themselves, worsening of diseases, complications, and disability from diseases. Risk assessment is important to identify individuals at high risk for diseases like caries so preventive measures can be targeted effectively. Prevention occurs at three levels - primary (before disease starts), secondary (early diagnosis and treatment), and tertiary (limiting disability and rehabilitation).
The document discusses the nursing process and its role in developing clinical judgment and reasoning skills. It describes the nursing process as having five key steps - assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation - which provide an organized framework to guide care. This framework allows nurses to build their knowledge, develop customized care plans for each client, and gain critical thinking abilities through evaluating the success of interventions.
This document provides an overview of the scope of emergency room nursing. It discusses the standards and responsibilities of ER nurses, which include comprehensive patient assessment, diagnosis, treatment, and evaluation. ER nursing requires knowledge in various medical areas as well as skills like triage and emergency preparedness. The document also outlines how ER nurses are involved in community education through primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention efforts. It discusses national patient safety goals and core measures that ER nurses must follow to improve quality of care. Finally, it lists several certifications that ER nurses can obtain.
Running head NARRATIVE 10- BURN UNIT1NARRATIVE 10- BURN UNIT.docxtoltonkendal
Running head: NARRATIVE 10- BURN UNIT 1
NARRATIVE 10- BURN UNIT 2
New practice approaches
An experience with new technology and better ways of dealing with burn cases, treatment is quite fast and easy! Unlike the traditional way of airway maintenance, the new way that follows the ATLS guidelines enables the nurse to have a definitive airway maintenance as well as ventilation monitoring.
Extraprofessional collaboration
The burn unit required a great deal of collaboration between different medical practitioners in order to achieve quick recovery and optimum treatment results. With the airway and c-spine protection, monitoring the heart rate and blood pressure would require different physicians to acquire optimum results.
Health care delivery and clinical systems
With the Airway with C-spine Protection, different procedures and systems collaborate together to produce the best treatment results. Assessment of breathing, circulation, disability and exposure worked well with the clinical system each stage was important in contributing to the greater good.
Ethical considerations in health care
When it comes to Airway with C-spine Protection, Improving access to care, Protecting patient privacy and confidentiality are paramount. Building and maintaining strong health care workforce, Marketing practices and Care quality helps the unit achieve quality care.
Population health concerns
In the Airway with C-spine Protection, the section has the mandate of providing quality and convenient care. These help to improve the workability of the hospital system in general.
The role of technology in improving health care outcomes
When accessing the Airway with C-spine Protection, use of technology proved to be important especially when inspecting for singed nasal, facial and eyebrow hairs.
Health policy
Definitely, health policies serve as important ways through which the burn unit could provide quality healthcare. I did notice this when it comes to ensuring that each patient gets the most out of treatment they undergo.
Leadership and economic models
At the burn unit, it is almost blatant that leaders are responsible and are economical in their decision making. This is evident by the efficient allocation of resources.
Health disparities
Different patients come with different conditions. However, it is the function of the nurses to do all they can to ensure that their patients get well.
Running Head: Reflective Narrative 1
Oncology Unit: Reflective Narration
Student’s Name:
Institution- Affiliated:
Health disparities in Cancer
One of the most significant issues I encountered during of the course of the week is the existing disparities in various aspects of cancer such as death rates, higher rates of advanced cancer diagnoses, less frequent use of proven screening test in specific populations is an area in which progress has not been at par. I noted health disparities existed in African American women compared to women from other ethnic ...
Introduction to Public Health PracticePrevention Health Servic.docxvrickens
Introduction to Public Health Practice
Prevention Health Services
Program Name
Faculty Name :
Date:
Subject Code:
Module No. 4 – Public Health & Health Systems
School of Public Health
1
Objective
2
At the end of this module, the students should be able to
Describe the health system as a public health concern
Discuss Natural history of disease
Identify and describe the levels of prevention and modes of intervention
Learning Outcome
3
The students will acquire knowledge about the natural history of disease as well as the modes of intervention and will be able to apply this knowledge for the prevention of health problems in the community
Content
Public health system
Natural History of Disease
Levels of prevention
Modes of intervention
Health services pyramid
4
Public health system
Relationship between public health and other health activities has never been clear.
Different views prevail among health professionals
Public health is part of the health system or the health system is part of public health?
Most components serve the same ends
The term health system refers to all aspects of the organization, financing and provision of programs and services for prevention and treatment of illness and injury.
The public health system is a component of this larger health system.
Public commonly perceives the health system to include only medical care and treatment aspects of the overall system.
However, public health activities are part of larger set of activities that focus on health, well-being, disease and illness.
Some questions to brainstorm
Does the countries have a rational strategy for investing its resources to maintain and improve people’s health?
Is the current strategy excessive in ways that inequitably limited access to and benefit from needed services?
Is the health system accountable to its end-users and ultimate payers for the quality and results of its services.
The issues of health,
Excess
access,
Accountability
and quality
Make the health system a public health concern
Prevention and Health service
Health and illness are dynamic state that are influenced by a wide variety of biological, environmental, behavioral, social and health services factors acting through an ecological model.
The complex interaction of these factors results in the occurrence or absence of disease or injury.
Which in turn contributes to the health status of individuals and populations.
Prevention and Health services
Before we go to prevention, its necessary to understand the Natural history of disease.
The nineteenth-century revolution in thinking brought about by Koch and Pasteur led to the recognition of distinct stages in the development of a disease.
If left untreated, a disease would evolve through a series of stages that characterize its natural history
But if an intervention is applied, the natural history is modified, producing a typical clinical course for the condit ...
The document discusses evidence-based medicine (EBM) and functional medicine. It notes that EBM aims to provide optimal health rather than just treat disease, taking a patient-centered rather than disease-centered approach. Functional medicine uses a systems-based approach and considers lifestyle, environmental, and genetic factors to identify the underlying causes of disease. It factors in influences like genomics, epigenomics, and the microbiome to build on previous paradigms and improve disease prediction and prevention strategies.
The document discusses clinical decision support systems (CDSS) which are electronic tools that assist clinicians in making clinical decisions for patients. CDSS helps clinicians focus more on interacting with patients by providing clinical guidelines, recommendations, and diagnostic and prescribing support. While these systems can help with continuity of care, implementing them can also lead to confusion and lack of communication if not done properly. The aim is to compare the design and implementation of CDSS to assess diagnostic accuracy before and after its use in patient care.
The document discusses preventive dentistry and dental public health. It defines dental public health as using organized community efforts to prevent and control dental diseases and promote dental health. The goals of preventive dentistry are to prevent factors that cause oral diseases, the diseases themselves, worsening of diseases, complications, and disability from diseases. Risk assessment is important to identify individuals at high risk for diseases like caries so preventive measures can be targeted effectively. Prevention occurs at three levels - primary (before disease starts), secondary (early diagnosis and treatment), and tertiary (limiting disability and rehabilitation).
The document discusses the nursing process and its role in developing clinical judgment and reasoning skills. It describes the nursing process as having five key steps - assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation - which provide an organized framework to guide care. This framework allows nurses to build their knowledge, develop customized care plans for each client, and gain critical thinking abilities through evaluating the success of interventions.
This document provides an overview of the scope of emergency room nursing. It discusses the standards and responsibilities of ER nurses, which include comprehensive patient assessment, diagnosis, treatment, and evaluation. ER nursing requires knowledge in various medical areas as well as skills like triage and emergency preparedness. The document also outlines how ER nurses are involved in community education through primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention efforts. It discusses national patient safety goals and core measures that ER nurses must follow to improve quality of care. Finally, it lists several certifications that ER nurses can obtain.
Running head NARRATIVE 10- BURN UNIT1NARRATIVE 10- BURN UNIT.docxtoltonkendal
Running head: NARRATIVE 10- BURN UNIT 1
NARRATIVE 10- BURN UNIT 2
New practice approaches
An experience with new technology and better ways of dealing with burn cases, treatment is quite fast and easy! Unlike the traditional way of airway maintenance, the new way that follows the ATLS guidelines enables the nurse to have a definitive airway maintenance as well as ventilation monitoring.
Extraprofessional collaboration
The burn unit required a great deal of collaboration between different medical practitioners in order to achieve quick recovery and optimum treatment results. With the airway and c-spine protection, monitoring the heart rate and blood pressure would require different physicians to acquire optimum results.
Health care delivery and clinical systems
With the Airway with C-spine Protection, different procedures and systems collaborate together to produce the best treatment results. Assessment of breathing, circulation, disability and exposure worked well with the clinical system each stage was important in contributing to the greater good.
Ethical considerations in health care
When it comes to Airway with C-spine Protection, Improving access to care, Protecting patient privacy and confidentiality are paramount. Building and maintaining strong health care workforce, Marketing practices and Care quality helps the unit achieve quality care.
Population health concerns
In the Airway with C-spine Protection, the section has the mandate of providing quality and convenient care. These help to improve the workability of the hospital system in general.
The role of technology in improving health care outcomes
When accessing the Airway with C-spine Protection, use of technology proved to be important especially when inspecting for singed nasal, facial and eyebrow hairs.
Health policy
Definitely, health policies serve as important ways through which the burn unit could provide quality healthcare. I did notice this when it comes to ensuring that each patient gets the most out of treatment they undergo.
Leadership and economic models
At the burn unit, it is almost blatant that leaders are responsible and are economical in their decision making. This is evident by the efficient allocation of resources.
Health disparities
Different patients come with different conditions. However, it is the function of the nurses to do all they can to ensure that their patients get well.
Running Head: Reflective Narrative 1
Oncology Unit: Reflective Narration
Student’s Name:
Institution- Affiliated:
Health disparities in Cancer
One of the most significant issues I encountered during of the course of the week is the existing disparities in various aspects of cancer such as death rates, higher rates of advanced cancer diagnoses, less frequent use of proven screening test in specific populations is an area in which progress has not been at par. I noted health disparities existed in African American women compared to women from other ethnic ...
Patient and carer education is critical for empowering individuals to take an active role in their health. It allows for informed decision making, improved adherence to treatment plans, enhanced coping skills, and shared decision making between patients and their healthcare providers. Effective education should be tailored to the individual's needs and preferences, using various materials and clear language to communicate information while allowing opportunities for questions.
Simple and Safe Approaches Towards Patient SafetyEhi Iden
A conference presentation on simple approaches and steps in achieving and managing patient safety in health. It talks about team approach, mutual support, just system, leadership commitment, complications of blame game and case study of the popular Kimberly Hiatt story.
Optimising wellbeing in people living with a woundGNEAUPP.
This document discusses optimizing wellbeing in people living with wounds. It defines wellbeing as having physical, mental, social, and spiritual/cultural components. Living with a wound can negatively impact wellbeing in many ways, such as through physical pain/odor, psychological issues like anxiety/depression, social isolation, and cultural/spiritual conflicts with treatment. The document advocates for a patient-centered approach that considers an individual's overall wellbeing, not just wound healing, and encourages shared decision making between clinicians and patients.
Updated copy (introductio to environmental epidemiology & bio statistics)Nasiru Ibrahim Barda
This document provides an overview of environmental epidemiology and bio-statistics. It defines epidemiology as dealing with the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health in populations. Environmental epidemiology specifically studies how environmental exposures impact human health. The objectives of epidemiology are described as public health surveillance, field investigation, analytic studies, evaluation, and policy development. Environmental epidemiology aims to identify environmental hazards, populations exposed, exposure levels, health impacts, and approaches to reduce exposures.
Impact of health education on tuberculosis drug adherenceSkillet Tony
Adherence is defined as the extent to which patients follow the instructions they are given for prescribed treatments. Until recently, adherence expertise was hard to find, assemble and empower. The study shall solely aim at investigating the influence of patients’ health education on Tuberculosis drug adherence. It will be guided by the following specific objectives; to identify the level of adherence among TB patients at MTRH, to assess the level of patient’s health education on TB drugs, to identify barriers of TB education, to investigate the challenges facing TB patients on treatment and to determine the level of training given to health workers on TB drug adherence. These objectives will enable the researcher to elaborate more on the topic and ensure that those who read through this research shall have a better perspective on the effects of health education on tuberculosis drug adherence. It will take place between the months of July and August. The study will target 17 doctors, 119 nurses and 143 patients of Tuberculosis. The study will employ a case study research design. The case study will enable the researcher be able to collected detailed information as to the influence of patients’ health education on TB drug adherence. The study will employ purposive sampling to sample the doctors and simple random sampling to select both the nurses and the patients who will participate in the study. The researcher will use one research instrument to collect data from the respondents selected to participate in the study which is a questionnaire that will be issued to the respondents on the day of the data collection.
Population Management PCMH 2011 - Northwest Medical Partnerspedenton
This document provides information on population management in healthcare, including:
1) It introduces concepts of preventive medicine and outlines why population management and preventive care management are important.
2) It discusses strategies for managing patient populations, such as identifying groups due for certain screenings and reaching out to schedule them.
3) The document also reviews guidelines and recommendations from organizations like the US Preventive Services Task Force for various cancer screenings and preventive services.
This policy brief discusses strategies to increase patient engagement in their own healthcare. It outlines three key areas: improving health literacy, promoting shared decision-making, and supporting self-management of chronic conditions. Effective interventions include providing tailored written and online health information, training healthcare professionals in communication skills, using decision aids and question prompts, and delivering self-management education programs. Governments need a coherent strategy targeting multiple levels to inform and empower patients in their care.
The document discusses strategies to increase patient engagement in their own healthcare. It outlines three key areas: improving health literacy, promoting shared decision-making, and supporting self-management of chronic conditions. Effective interventions include providing tailored written and online health information, training healthcare professionals in communication skills, using decision aids and question prompts, and delivering self-management education programs. Governments need a coherent strategy targeting multiple levels to inform and empower patients in their care.
1EU HCM505 - 146Research Methodology in Health CriAnastaciaShadelb
1
EU HCM505 - 146
Research Methodology in Health
Critical Thinking Assignment: Research Paper_ Module 12
130 Points
/
Saami Comment by Dale Gooden: Hello Saleh,
Thank you for the hard work on this submission. I enjoyed reading it and have provided my feedback below.
Warmly,
Dr. Gooden
November 26, 2021
Patient Safety Culture in hospitals.
Introduction. Comment by Dale Gooden: You provided a solid introduction, background, and overview of the central theme of your research.
Patient safety is an issue of global public health concern. It refers to preventing patients from harm by implementing a care system that contains errors and learns from medical errors to build a safety culture involving healthcare workers, patients, and healthcare organizations. The safety of patients is critical in care quality. Many patients worldwide have suffered injuries, disabilities, and death due to medical errors or unsafe care. Patient safety culture can be defined as healthcare organizations' values about what is essential and how to operate to protect patients. To achieve a safety culture, organizations and their members need to understand the values, norms and beliefs about the essential attitudes and behaviors associated with patient safety (Ali et al., 2018).
To achieve a culture of safety, organizations should emphasize addressing disparities in the quality of care because the current challenges may worsen the efforts to narrow the gap. Quality and safety are key issues in establishing and delivering accessible, responsive and effective healthcare systems. Poor quality and unsafe patient care increase mortality and morbidity rates throughout the world. About 75% of the healthcare delivery gaps are preventable, and approximately 10% of inpatient admission result from preventable patient harm (Amiri et al., 2018).
Patient safety cultures with strong collaboration and leadership drive and prioritize safety (Wu et al., 2019). Strong leadership and commitment from manger are essential because their attitudes and actions influence the wider workforce's behaviors, perceptions, and attitudes. Other important aspects of the patient safety culture are; effective communication, mutual trust, shared views on the importance of patient safety, engaging the healthcare workforce, acknowledging mistakes, and having a system that recognizes, responds, and gives feedback on adverse events (Alquwez et al., 2018). Patient safety culture is influenced by burnouts, hospital characteristics, communication, position, work area, commitment to the patient safety program, leadership, and patient safety resources and management.
Thesis statement. Comment by Dale Gooden: Include a research question supported with peer-reviewed references to improve your grade.
Patient safety culture focuses on safety in health care by emphasizing the prevention, reporting, and investigation of medical errors that may cause patients' adverse effects, thus reducing harm by implementing n ...
INTRODUCTION TO MSN BY MANJUNATH BETH.pptxmanjunathbeth1
The document discusses medical-surgical nursing. It begins by defining medical-surgical nursing as involving the nursing care of adult patients whose conditions are treated medically, pharmacologically, or surgically. The goals of medical-surgical nursing are then outlined as assisting individuals in promoting, restoring, or maintaining optimal health. Medical-surgical nursing services are provided across various settings along the continuum of care. The document also discusses the difference between acute and sub-acute care, with acute care providing more intensive rehabilitation and sub-acute care providing intensive but less rigorous therapy.
1) The document examines medical aliteracy among senior medical personnel in Akoko South West local government area of Ondo State, Nigeria. It finds that factors like ineffective supervision, low patient literacy, and lack of patient engagement can lead to medical aliteracy among senior personnel.
2) The study revealed an average level of aliteracy, with most personnel receiving medical journals annually and reading them often. The majority had reading rooms at home. Reading rates were average. Personnel preferred reading anytime and topics like surgery, physiology and pathology.
3) All personnel enjoyed reading about medical breakthroughs and other areas aside their specialty. Most interests were in public medicine and surgery. The study found no gender differences in
This document provides an overview of the role of hospitals in healthcare. It discusses:
- Hospitals play an integral role in providing both curative and preventive health services according to the WHO definition.
- Health is influenced by genetics, environment, lifestyle, economic status, and access to health services. Hospitals provide diagnostic, treatment, and rehabilitation services.
- Hospitals have evolved from religious institutions in ancient Greece and Rome to specialized facilities in the 19th century influenced by advances like anesthesia and antisepsis. Florence Nightingale revolutionized nursing.
ETHICAL AND LEGAL ISSUES IN CARDIOVASCULAR AND THORACIC NURSING.pptxEDWINjose43
Cardiovascular and thoracic nurses often face ethical and legal dilemmas that stem from advanced medical technologies. They must apply principles like autonomy, beneficence, and informed consent. Some common issues include promoting patient well-being, preventing harm, handling errors, withdrawal of life support, and allocating resources fairly. Evidence-based practice provides the best evidence to guide complex healthcare decisions and improve patient outcomes.
The document discusses health promotion goals and primary prevention. The focus of health promotion is to reduce health inequalities and ensure equal opportunities and resources for all people to achieve their full health potential. Primary prevention aims to adapt risk factors through lifestyle changes to protect health. Screening tools have been adapted for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people to better assess cardiovascular disease risk. Routine screening is also recommended from age 15-18 to detect diabetes and renal disease early due to high rates. Screening allows for health education and control of modifiable risk factors.
This document discusses several key topics in medical ethics including:
1. The basic concepts of medical ethics including beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy, justice, and informed consent.
2. Historical events that shaped modern medical ethics such as the Tuskegee Syphilis Study and the Doctors' Trial at Nuremberg.
3. The role of Institutional Review Boards in ensuring ethical research and protecting human subjects.
4. Common ethical issues in healthcare like end-of-life care, advance directives, withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment, and resolving disagreements between patients/families and physicians.
C H I R O E CO . CO M F e B r u a r y 2 4 , 2 0 1 7 • C H I R .docxclairbycraft
C H I R O E CO . CO M F e B r u a r y 2 4 , 2 0 1 7 • C H I R O P R A C T I C E CO N O M I C S 41
WELLNESSAPPROACH
THE NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS WHOSUFFER FROM COMPLEX CHRONICdiseases such as heart disease,
diabetes, cancer, and autoimmune
disorders is on the rise. The conven-
tional care provided by allopathic
medicine is oriented toward acute care
and the diagnosis of trauma or disease
of limited duration, such as a broken
limb or heart attack.
Medical physicians practicing in this
model typically prescribe drugs or
surgery with the goal of ameliorating
the immediate conditionand symptoms.
If, as a DC, you are frustrated by
watching your patients suffer from
chronic disease and be cycled through
the system of diagnosis and drugs
without improvement, Functional
Medicine (FM) can provide you with
powerful tools and strategies to help
your patients regain their health.
Why Functional Medicine?
The acute-care approach is ill-equipped
to handle the multifaceted issues that
accompany most chronic diseases. It’s
also a model that fails to address the
unique genetic background of each
individual. It also does not take into
account the impact of modern lifestyles
and environmental factors that can
lead to an increase in chronic diseases.
These factors include diet, exercise,
exposure to toxins, and stress. For
these reasons, most doctors are
unequipped to assess the underlying
causes of disease. They do not know
how to utilize diet, exercise, and
nutrition as preventive factors in
combating chronic disease.
From an allopathic perspective, FM
offers a novel approach and method-
ology to treating andpreventing chronic
diseases. From a chiropractic perspec-
tive, seeking to discover the underlying
cause of disease by examining how
structure impacts function is a foun-
dational principal for the profession.
By joining forces, either through
collaboration or in a more formal
integrative or multidisciplinary practice
setting, allopathic physicians and
chiropractors can help their patients
derive the greatest benefit from both
perspectives. Practitioners of FM
develop individualized treatment
programs that address the interaction
between the external environment and
the internal environment of the body,
The heart of the matter
What you need to know about Functional Medicine.
BY MARK SANNA, DC
A
D
O
BE
ST
O
C
K
http://www.chiroeco.com
42 C H I R O P R A C T I C E CO N O M I C S • F e B r u a r y 2 4 , 2 0 1 7 C H I R O E C O . CO M
WELLNESSAPPROACH
including the immune, endocrine, and
gastrointestinal systems.
How is Functional Medicine
different?
From an FM perspective, the primary
factors considered during a patient
assessment include foundational
lifestyle factors: nutrition, exercise,
sleep, stress level, interpersonal
relationships, andgenetics. These
primary factors are, in turn, influenced
by certain predisposing factors,
ongoing physiological processes, and
discrete events that result in an
imbalance in the body’s ability to
maintain .
Running Head PICOT STATEMENT ON PRESSURE ULCERS1PICOT STA.docxgemaherd
Running Head: PICOT STATEMENT ON PRESSURE ULCERS
1
PICOT STATEMENT ON PRESSURE ULCERS
2
PICOT Question pressure ulcers
Student’s Name: Vladimir Andino
University Affiliation: GCU
PICOT Question
According to a report by CDC, approximately 3 million people develop pressure injuries each year. Pressure ulcers reduce the quality of quality of life. Each year a considerably large number of people are diagnosed with pressure injuries. Various ways can be used to prevent the progression of this phenomenon. This paper evaluates the most effective option that can be applied to prevent pressure injuries. It is framed based on the PICOT statement,
(P) patients with severe pressure injuries.
(I) is the surgical removal of ulcers.
(C) compared with the administration of antibiotics.
(O) more effective in treatment of pressure injuries.
(T) in the short-term medical plan.
Edlich, R., Winters, K. L., Woodard, C. R., Buschbacher, R. M., Long III, W. B., Gebhart, J. H., & Ma, E. K. (2004). Pressure ulcer prevention. Journal of long-term effects of medical implants, 14(4).
This study explicitly analyzes prevention as well as treatment actions that should be taken by nurses who carry the burden of reducing this phenomenon. The study is a qualitative study, in the sense that it does not involve an analysis of data both mathematically and graphically.
The authors use published information to support their arguments hence it is a peer-reviewed secondary study.
After evaluation, the study confirms that nurses should conduct preventative measures to reduce the effects of pressure injuries. This can be achieved by involving various types of treatment and nursing interventions to mention a few.
Bluestein, D., & Javaheri, A. (2008). Pressure ulcers: prevention, evaluation, and management. American family physician, 78(10).
. This study comprehensively evaluates the predominant factors associated with wounds. The study relies on pre-existing data.
The authors conclude that appropriate dressing is important to prevent critical health issues. It is from this point of view that the study advises on thorough check-ups and in case there are no improvement medicals procedures should be taken.
Vanderwee, K., Defloor, T., Beeckman, D., Demarré, L., Verhaeghe, S., Van Durme, T., & Gobert, M. (2011). Assessing the adequacy of pressure ulcer prevention in hospitals: a nationwide prevalence survey. BMJ Quality & Safety, 20(3), 260-267.
The study assesses the efficacy of pressure ulcer prevention in health cares. This is a primary study because the author organizes, collect and analyzes data. Also, this is a quantitative study because it statistically analyzes data.
The study confirmed that there is a limited use of proper preventions measures with respect to pressure injuries and wounds. In other words, the study confirmed that there is a rather low-quality care.
Sving, E., Gunningberg, L., Högman, M., & Mamhidir, A. G. (2012). Registered nurses’ attention t ...
Impact of a designed nursing intervention protocol on myocardial infarction p...Alexander Decker
This study examined the impact of a designed nursing intervention protocol on myocardial infarction patients' outcomes at a university hospital in Egypt. Forty adult myocardial infarction patients were included. The study found that after exposure to the nursing intervention protocol, patients had significantly higher total mean knowledge scores and total mean practice scores. It also found that patients had medium to high levels of compliance to lifelong instructions. The results support the hypotheses that the nursing intervention protocol improved patients' knowledge, practices, and compliance. The study concluded that a nursing intervention protocol can have a positive impact on myocardial infarction patient outcomes.
Physiology and chemistry of skin and pigmentation, hairs, scalp, lips and nail, Cleansing cream, Lotions, Face powders, Face packs, Lipsticks, Bath products, soaps and baby product,
Preparation and standardization of the following : Tonic, Bleaches, Dentifrices and Mouth washes & Tooth Pastes, Cosmetics for Nails.
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
Patient and carer education is critical for empowering individuals to take an active role in their health. It allows for informed decision making, improved adherence to treatment plans, enhanced coping skills, and shared decision making between patients and their healthcare providers. Effective education should be tailored to the individual's needs and preferences, using various materials and clear language to communicate information while allowing opportunities for questions.
Simple and Safe Approaches Towards Patient SafetyEhi Iden
A conference presentation on simple approaches and steps in achieving and managing patient safety in health. It talks about team approach, mutual support, just system, leadership commitment, complications of blame game and case study of the popular Kimberly Hiatt story.
Optimising wellbeing in people living with a woundGNEAUPP.
This document discusses optimizing wellbeing in people living with wounds. It defines wellbeing as having physical, mental, social, and spiritual/cultural components. Living with a wound can negatively impact wellbeing in many ways, such as through physical pain/odor, psychological issues like anxiety/depression, social isolation, and cultural/spiritual conflicts with treatment. The document advocates for a patient-centered approach that considers an individual's overall wellbeing, not just wound healing, and encourages shared decision making between clinicians and patients.
Updated copy (introductio to environmental epidemiology & bio statistics)Nasiru Ibrahim Barda
This document provides an overview of environmental epidemiology and bio-statistics. It defines epidemiology as dealing with the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health in populations. Environmental epidemiology specifically studies how environmental exposures impact human health. The objectives of epidemiology are described as public health surveillance, field investigation, analytic studies, evaluation, and policy development. Environmental epidemiology aims to identify environmental hazards, populations exposed, exposure levels, health impacts, and approaches to reduce exposures.
Impact of health education on tuberculosis drug adherenceSkillet Tony
Adherence is defined as the extent to which patients follow the instructions they are given for prescribed treatments. Until recently, adherence expertise was hard to find, assemble and empower. The study shall solely aim at investigating the influence of patients’ health education on Tuberculosis drug adherence. It will be guided by the following specific objectives; to identify the level of adherence among TB patients at MTRH, to assess the level of patient’s health education on TB drugs, to identify barriers of TB education, to investigate the challenges facing TB patients on treatment and to determine the level of training given to health workers on TB drug adherence. These objectives will enable the researcher to elaborate more on the topic and ensure that those who read through this research shall have a better perspective on the effects of health education on tuberculosis drug adherence. It will take place between the months of July and August. The study will target 17 doctors, 119 nurses and 143 patients of Tuberculosis. The study will employ a case study research design. The case study will enable the researcher be able to collected detailed information as to the influence of patients’ health education on TB drug adherence. The study will employ purposive sampling to sample the doctors and simple random sampling to select both the nurses and the patients who will participate in the study. The researcher will use one research instrument to collect data from the respondents selected to participate in the study which is a questionnaire that will be issued to the respondents on the day of the data collection.
Population Management PCMH 2011 - Northwest Medical Partnerspedenton
This document provides information on population management in healthcare, including:
1) It introduces concepts of preventive medicine and outlines why population management and preventive care management are important.
2) It discusses strategies for managing patient populations, such as identifying groups due for certain screenings and reaching out to schedule them.
3) The document also reviews guidelines and recommendations from organizations like the US Preventive Services Task Force for various cancer screenings and preventive services.
This policy brief discusses strategies to increase patient engagement in their own healthcare. It outlines three key areas: improving health literacy, promoting shared decision-making, and supporting self-management of chronic conditions. Effective interventions include providing tailored written and online health information, training healthcare professionals in communication skills, using decision aids and question prompts, and delivering self-management education programs. Governments need a coherent strategy targeting multiple levels to inform and empower patients in their care.
The document discusses strategies to increase patient engagement in their own healthcare. It outlines three key areas: improving health literacy, promoting shared decision-making, and supporting self-management of chronic conditions. Effective interventions include providing tailored written and online health information, training healthcare professionals in communication skills, using decision aids and question prompts, and delivering self-management education programs. Governments need a coherent strategy targeting multiple levels to inform and empower patients in their care.
1EU HCM505 - 146Research Methodology in Health CriAnastaciaShadelb
1
EU HCM505 - 146
Research Methodology in Health
Critical Thinking Assignment: Research Paper_ Module 12
130 Points
/
Saami Comment by Dale Gooden: Hello Saleh,
Thank you for the hard work on this submission. I enjoyed reading it and have provided my feedback below.
Warmly,
Dr. Gooden
November 26, 2021
Patient Safety Culture in hospitals.
Introduction. Comment by Dale Gooden: You provided a solid introduction, background, and overview of the central theme of your research.
Patient safety is an issue of global public health concern. It refers to preventing patients from harm by implementing a care system that contains errors and learns from medical errors to build a safety culture involving healthcare workers, patients, and healthcare organizations. The safety of patients is critical in care quality. Many patients worldwide have suffered injuries, disabilities, and death due to medical errors or unsafe care. Patient safety culture can be defined as healthcare organizations' values about what is essential and how to operate to protect patients. To achieve a safety culture, organizations and their members need to understand the values, norms and beliefs about the essential attitudes and behaviors associated with patient safety (Ali et al., 2018).
To achieve a culture of safety, organizations should emphasize addressing disparities in the quality of care because the current challenges may worsen the efforts to narrow the gap. Quality and safety are key issues in establishing and delivering accessible, responsive and effective healthcare systems. Poor quality and unsafe patient care increase mortality and morbidity rates throughout the world. About 75% of the healthcare delivery gaps are preventable, and approximately 10% of inpatient admission result from preventable patient harm (Amiri et al., 2018).
Patient safety cultures with strong collaboration and leadership drive and prioritize safety (Wu et al., 2019). Strong leadership and commitment from manger are essential because their attitudes and actions influence the wider workforce's behaviors, perceptions, and attitudes. Other important aspects of the patient safety culture are; effective communication, mutual trust, shared views on the importance of patient safety, engaging the healthcare workforce, acknowledging mistakes, and having a system that recognizes, responds, and gives feedback on adverse events (Alquwez et al., 2018). Patient safety culture is influenced by burnouts, hospital characteristics, communication, position, work area, commitment to the patient safety program, leadership, and patient safety resources and management.
Thesis statement. Comment by Dale Gooden: Include a research question supported with peer-reviewed references to improve your grade.
Patient safety culture focuses on safety in health care by emphasizing the prevention, reporting, and investigation of medical errors that may cause patients' adverse effects, thus reducing harm by implementing n ...
INTRODUCTION TO MSN BY MANJUNATH BETH.pptxmanjunathbeth1
The document discusses medical-surgical nursing. It begins by defining medical-surgical nursing as involving the nursing care of adult patients whose conditions are treated medically, pharmacologically, or surgically. The goals of medical-surgical nursing are then outlined as assisting individuals in promoting, restoring, or maintaining optimal health. Medical-surgical nursing services are provided across various settings along the continuum of care. The document also discusses the difference between acute and sub-acute care, with acute care providing more intensive rehabilitation and sub-acute care providing intensive but less rigorous therapy.
1) The document examines medical aliteracy among senior medical personnel in Akoko South West local government area of Ondo State, Nigeria. It finds that factors like ineffective supervision, low patient literacy, and lack of patient engagement can lead to medical aliteracy among senior personnel.
2) The study revealed an average level of aliteracy, with most personnel receiving medical journals annually and reading them often. The majority had reading rooms at home. Reading rates were average. Personnel preferred reading anytime and topics like surgery, physiology and pathology.
3) All personnel enjoyed reading about medical breakthroughs and other areas aside their specialty. Most interests were in public medicine and surgery. The study found no gender differences in
This document provides an overview of the role of hospitals in healthcare. It discusses:
- Hospitals play an integral role in providing both curative and preventive health services according to the WHO definition.
- Health is influenced by genetics, environment, lifestyle, economic status, and access to health services. Hospitals provide diagnostic, treatment, and rehabilitation services.
- Hospitals have evolved from religious institutions in ancient Greece and Rome to specialized facilities in the 19th century influenced by advances like anesthesia and antisepsis. Florence Nightingale revolutionized nursing.
ETHICAL AND LEGAL ISSUES IN CARDIOVASCULAR AND THORACIC NURSING.pptxEDWINjose43
Cardiovascular and thoracic nurses often face ethical and legal dilemmas that stem from advanced medical technologies. They must apply principles like autonomy, beneficence, and informed consent. Some common issues include promoting patient well-being, preventing harm, handling errors, withdrawal of life support, and allocating resources fairly. Evidence-based practice provides the best evidence to guide complex healthcare decisions and improve patient outcomes.
The document discusses health promotion goals and primary prevention. The focus of health promotion is to reduce health inequalities and ensure equal opportunities and resources for all people to achieve their full health potential. Primary prevention aims to adapt risk factors through lifestyle changes to protect health. Screening tools have been adapted for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people to better assess cardiovascular disease risk. Routine screening is also recommended from age 15-18 to detect diabetes and renal disease early due to high rates. Screening allows for health education and control of modifiable risk factors.
This document discusses several key topics in medical ethics including:
1. The basic concepts of medical ethics including beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy, justice, and informed consent.
2. Historical events that shaped modern medical ethics such as the Tuskegee Syphilis Study and the Doctors' Trial at Nuremberg.
3. The role of Institutional Review Boards in ensuring ethical research and protecting human subjects.
4. Common ethical issues in healthcare like end-of-life care, advance directives, withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment, and resolving disagreements between patients/families and physicians.
C H I R O E CO . CO M F e B r u a r y 2 4 , 2 0 1 7 • C H I R .docxclairbycraft
C H I R O E CO . CO M F e B r u a r y 2 4 , 2 0 1 7 • C H I R O P R A C T I C E CO N O M I C S 41
WELLNESSAPPROACH
THE NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS WHOSUFFER FROM COMPLEX CHRONICdiseases such as heart disease,
diabetes, cancer, and autoimmune
disorders is on the rise. The conven-
tional care provided by allopathic
medicine is oriented toward acute care
and the diagnosis of trauma or disease
of limited duration, such as a broken
limb or heart attack.
Medical physicians practicing in this
model typically prescribe drugs or
surgery with the goal of ameliorating
the immediate conditionand symptoms.
If, as a DC, you are frustrated by
watching your patients suffer from
chronic disease and be cycled through
the system of diagnosis and drugs
without improvement, Functional
Medicine (FM) can provide you with
powerful tools and strategies to help
your patients regain their health.
Why Functional Medicine?
The acute-care approach is ill-equipped
to handle the multifaceted issues that
accompany most chronic diseases. It’s
also a model that fails to address the
unique genetic background of each
individual. It also does not take into
account the impact of modern lifestyles
and environmental factors that can
lead to an increase in chronic diseases.
These factors include diet, exercise,
exposure to toxins, and stress. For
these reasons, most doctors are
unequipped to assess the underlying
causes of disease. They do not know
how to utilize diet, exercise, and
nutrition as preventive factors in
combating chronic disease.
From an allopathic perspective, FM
offers a novel approach and method-
ology to treating andpreventing chronic
diseases. From a chiropractic perspec-
tive, seeking to discover the underlying
cause of disease by examining how
structure impacts function is a foun-
dational principal for the profession.
By joining forces, either through
collaboration or in a more formal
integrative or multidisciplinary practice
setting, allopathic physicians and
chiropractors can help their patients
derive the greatest benefit from both
perspectives. Practitioners of FM
develop individualized treatment
programs that address the interaction
between the external environment and
the internal environment of the body,
The heart of the matter
What you need to know about Functional Medicine.
BY MARK SANNA, DC
A
D
O
BE
ST
O
C
K
http://www.chiroeco.com
42 C H I R O P R A C T I C E CO N O M I C S • F e B r u a r y 2 4 , 2 0 1 7 C H I R O E C O . CO M
WELLNESSAPPROACH
including the immune, endocrine, and
gastrointestinal systems.
How is Functional Medicine
different?
From an FM perspective, the primary
factors considered during a patient
assessment include foundational
lifestyle factors: nutrition, exercise,
sleep, stress level, interpersonal
relationships, andgenetics. These
primary factors are, in turn, influenced
by certain predisposing factors,
ongoing physiological processes, and
discrete events that result in an
imbalance in the body’s ability to
maintain .
Running Head PICOT STATEMENT ON PRESSURE ULCERS1PICOT STA.docxgemaherd
Running Head: PICOT STATEMENT ON PRESSURE ULCERS
1
PICOT STATEMENT ON PRESSURE ULCERS
2
PICOT Question pressure ulcers
Student’s Name: Vladimir Andino
University Affiliation: GCU
PICOT Question
According to a report by CDC, approximately 3 million people develop pressure injuries each year. Pressure ulcers reduce the quality of quality of life. Each year a considerably large number of people are diagnosed with pressure injuries. Various ways can be used to prevent the progression of this phenomenon. This paper evaluates the most effective option that can be applied to prevent pressure injuries. It is framed based on the PICOT statement,
(P) patients with severe pressure injuries.
(I) is the surgical removal of ulcers.
(C) compared with the administration of antibiotics.
(O) more effective in treatment of pressure injuries.
(T) in the short-term medical plan.
Edlich, R., Winters, K. L., Woodard, C. R., Buschbacher, R. M., Long III, W. B., Gebhart, J. H., & Ma, E. K. (2004). Pressure ulcer prevention. Journal of long-term effects of medical implants, 14(4).
This study explicitly analyzes prevention as well as treatment actions that should be taken by nurses who carry the burden of reducing this phenomenon. The study is a qualitative study, in the sense that it does not involve an analysis of data both mathematically and graphically.
The authors use published information to support their arguments hence it is a peer-reviewed secondary study.
After evaluation, the study confirms that nurses should conduct preventative measures to reduce the effects of pressure injuries. This can be achieved by involving various types of treatment and nursing interventions to mention a few.
Bluestein, D., & Javaheri, A. (2008). Pressure ulcers: prevention, evaluation, and management. American family physician, 78(10).
. This study comprehensively evaluates the predominant factors associated with wounds. The study relies on pre-existing data.
The authors conclude that appropriate dressing is important to prevent critical health issues. It is from this point of view that the study advises on thorough check-ups and in case there are no improvement medicals procedures should be taken.
Vanderwee, K., Defloor, T., Beeckman, D., Demarré, L., Verhaeghe, S., Van Durme, T., & Gobert, M. (2011). Assessing the adequacy of pressure ulcer prevention in hospitals: a nationwide prevalence survey. BMJ Quality & Safety, 20(3), 260-267.
The study assesses the efficacy of pressure ulcer prevention in health cares. This is a primary study because the author organizes, collect and analyzes data. Also, this is a quantitative study because it statistically analyzes data.
The study confirmed that there is a limited use of proper preventions measures with respect to pressure injuries and wounds. In other words, the study confirmed that there is a rather low-quality care.
Sving, E., Gunningberg, L., Högman, M., & Mamhidir, A. G. (2012). Registered nurses’ attention t ...
Impact of a designed nursing intervention protocol on myocardial infarction p...Alexander Decker
This study examined the impact of a designed nursing intervention protocol on myocardial infarction patients' outcomes at a university hospital in Egypt. Forty adult myocardial infarction patients were included. The study found that after exposure to the nursing intervention protocol, patients had significantly higher total mean knowledge scores and total mean practice scores. It also found that patients had medium to high levels of compliance to lifelong instructions. The results support the hypotheses that the nursing intervention protocol improved patients' knowledge, practices, and compliance. The study concluded that a nursing intervention protocol can have a positive impact on myocardial infarction patient outcomes.
Physiology and chemistry of skin and pigmentation, hairs, scalp, lips and nail, Cleansing cream, Lotions, Face powders, Face packs, Lipsticks, Bath products, soaps and baby product,
Preparation and standardization of the following : Tonic, Bleaches, Dentifrices and Mouth washes & Tooth Pastes, Cosmetics for Nails.
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptxKavitha Krishnan
In an education system, it is understood that assessment is only for the students, but on the other hand, the Assessment of teachers is also an important aspect of the education system that ensures teachers are providing high-quality instruction to students. The assessment process can be used to provide feedback and support for professional development, to inform decisions about teacher retention or promotion, or to evaluate teacher effectiveness for accountability purposes.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
Liberal Approach to the Study of Indian Politics.pdf
PATIENT EDUCATION.pptx
1. PATIENT EDUCATION
MUNTAZIR ALTAF ZARGAR
BSC RADIOLOGY, AADESH MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND
2. Brief Overview
Patient education can be defined as the process of influencing patient behavior and producing
the changes in knowledge, attitudes and skills necessary to maintain or improve health. The
Latin origin of the word doctor,“docere,” means “to teach,” and the education of patients and
their families, as well as communities, is the responsibility of all physicians. Family physicians
are uniquely suited to take a leadership role in patient education. Family physicians build long-
term, trusting relationships with patients, providing opportunities to encourage and reinforce
changes in health behavior. Patient education is, therefore, an essential component of
residency training for family physicians.
Patient education is critically important because it is clear that the leading causes of death in
the United States (i.e., heart disease, cancer, stroke, lung disease and injuries) are closely
associated with unhealthy lifestyles. There is also strong evidence to suggest that counseling
and patient education provide substantial benefits. Providing patients with complete and
current information helps create an atmosphere of trust, enhances the doctor-patient
relationship and empowers patients to participate in their own health care. Effective patient
education also ensures that patients have sufficient information and understanding to make
informed decisions regarding their care.
3. More to it…
These include ascertaining patients' educational needs, identifying barriers to learning, counseling
concisely, evaluating and utilizing written, audiovisual and computer-based patient education
materials, and incorporating education into routine office visits.
4. Benefits
Benefits of Patient Education:
Above are the two main reasons why education tools in healthcare are crucial, but now we will dive into the other benefits patient
education provides. The following are benefits that the provider will see…
• Less prescription abandonment due to understanding why the medication is crucial to recovery.
• More follow through with treatment plans due to understanding of the disease/illness.
• Patient education leads to better patient satisfaction with providers and their overall care.
• Educational plans can reduce provider’s liability.
• An increase is compliance of treatment plans can lead to an overall reduced cost for patients.
Patient education makes all of the difference. Inevitably, it can mean the difference between a patient participating in their care plan and
letting it go by the way side. Introducing patient education tools into your practice can lead to improved health outcomes. What’s
stopping your practice from taking the leap, or, how does your practice do this now?
5. Incorporate the multiple determinants of health when providing care.Be culturally
sensitive and be open to a diverse society.
Use technology appropriately and effectively.Be current in the field and continue
to advance education.There are many areas where patient education can improve
the outcomes of treatment.
6. or example, in patients with amputations, patient education has been shown to be
effective when approached from all angles by the healthcare team (nurse, primary
care physician, prosthetist, physical therapist, occupational therapist etc.). Support
groups have been shown to be a helpful method for dealing with depression in
this population. Preoperative patient education helped patients with their
decision-making process by informing them of factors related to pain, limb loss,
and functional restriction faced after amputation.
7. he case of arthritis, patient education was found to be administered through three
methods, including individual face to face meetings with healthcare professionals,
patient groups, online support programs. Category I evidence was found for
individual, face to face counselling. Meeting with rheumatologists, occupational
therapists, physical therapists, nurses, and other healthcare providers was found to
be effective in creating adherence to treatment, medication, and for improving
overall patient health.In the case of rheumatoid arthritis, patient education has
been shown as an effective non-pharmacological treatment. It is recommended
that patient education should be the
8. start point and underpin all self-management interventions.[14][4]The role of
patient organizations in providing support and structured guidance for people
with arthritis is widely valued by professionals and patients.[16]It is important to
consider patient factors that may help improve outcomes of patient education
patient. These are patient activation, illness perceptions, anxiety, participants’
knowledge about their condition, engagement with routine check-ups and
positive health behaviours. These factors may be also be targets for
patient education.
9. Explanation of examination
Clinical examination comprises three components:
the history
the examination, and
The explanation
t, where the doctor discusses the nature and implications of the clinical findings. A
patient seeks medical help for three main reasons: diagnostic purposes, treatment or
reassurance, or a combination of these factors.
The foundation of the patient–doctor relationship is largely based on establishing a
good rapport during the history-taking and the examination.
10. The clinical examination is preceded by the taking of the patient's history. History-
taking provides essential information about the possible aetiology of the disease.
It is the most important part of the clinical assessment, during which the following
information is obtained about the patient: age, gender, race, occupation,
handedness, history of the present complaint, past medical history (including past
and/or present drug treatment), family history and social history. For example, the
temporal evolution of the problems that the patient is experiencing provides
important clues as to their nature.
11. An acute onset is characteristic of trauma or a major vascular accident. A
development over days may suggest an inflammatory component. Neoplasms
develop in general over months or years. Neurological problems resulting from an
immune mechanism, such as multiple sclerosis, also have an evolution over
months and years, with a pattern of relapse and remission. Neurodegenerative
diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, motor neurone disease or Alzheimer's
disease, develop inexorably over years. In some cases, if the patient presents with
an impaired state of consciousness, either transient (seizures) or chronic
(dementia), a complete history of the patient's problems will require involving
others, such as relatives, carers or the general practitioner. Psychiatric histories are
often more detailed, as more detail is needed about the patient's personal life,
family and social background.
12. Physical examination
Physical examination During a physical examination, a health care provider studies
your body to determine if you do or do not have a physical problem.
A physical examination usually includes:Inspection (looking at the body
)Palpation (feeling the body with fingers or hands)
Auscultation (listening to sounds)
Percussion (producing sounds, usually by tapping on specific areas of the body)
13. Radiation Protection
Radiation protection, also known as radiological protection, is defined by the
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) as "The protection of people from harmful
effects of exposure to ionizing radiation, and the means for achieving this".[1] Exposure
can be from a source of radiation external to the human body or due to internal
irradiation caused by the ingestion of radioactive contamination.
ionizing radiation is widely used in industry and medicine, and can present a significant
health hazard by causing microscopic damage to living tissue. There are two main
categories of ionizing radiation health effects. At high exposures, it can cause "tissue"
effects, also called "deterministic" effects due to the certainty of them happening,
conventionally indicated by the unit gray and resulting in acute radiation syndrome.
For low level exposures there can be statistically elevated risks of radiation-induced
cancer, called "stochastic effects" due to the uncertainty of them happening,
conventionally indicated by the unit sievert.
14. Fundamental to radiation protection is the avoidance or reduction of dose using
the simple protective measures of time, distance and shielding. The duration of
exposure should be limited to that necessary, the distance from the source of
radiation should be maximised, and the source or the target shielded wherever
possible. To measure personal dose uptake in occupational or emergency
exposure, for external radiation personal dosimeters are used, and for internal
dose to due to ingestion of radioactive contamination, bioassay
techniques are applied.
15. For radiation protection and dosimetry assessment the International Commission
on Radiation Protection (ICRP) and International Commission on Radiation Units
and Measurements (ICRU) publish recommendations and data which is used to
calculate the biological effects on the human body of certain levels of radiation,
and thereby advise acceptable dose uptake limits.
16. Communicating with patients
Patient education allows patients to play a bigger role in their own care. It also aligns
with patient- and family-centered care.To be effective, patient education needs to be
more than instructions and information. Teachers and health care providers need to be
able to assess patient needs and communicate clearly.
The success of patient education depends largely on how well you assess your patient
NeedsConcernsReadiness to learnPreferencesSupportBarriers and limitations (such as
physical and mental capacity, and low health literacy or numeracy)Often, the first step is
to find out what the patient already knows. Use these guidelines to do a thorough
assessment before starting patient education:
17. Fundamental Principles of radiological
Protection
Justification
Any decision that alters the radiation exposure situation should do more good
than harm”
Optimisation of Protection
“Doses should all be kept as low as reasonably achievable, taking into account
economic and societal factors”
Dose Limitation
“The total dose to any individual … should not exceed the appropriate limits”
18. The guiding principle of radiation safety is “ALARA”. ALARA stands for “as low as
reasonably achievable”. ALARA means avoiding exposure to radiation that does not have
a direct benefit to you, even if the dose is small.
19. For reducing radiation exposure, there are 3
principals: time, distance, and shielding.
Time
Radiation exposure can be accumulated over the time of exposure. In C-arm
fluoroscopy guided interventions, the time spent checking the C-arm fluoroscopy is
related to the radiation exposure. The longer the exposure time, the more radiation
exposure to the pain physician. Therefore, it is important to reduce the usage time of
C-arm fluoroscopy [2,3]. For reducing the usage time, the physician has to improve
his skill in intervention and the radiographer has to check the X-ray at the correct
location, and at the right moment without blurred image
20. Distance
A greater distance from the radiation source can reduce radiation exposure. The
amount of radiation exposure is not inversely proportional to the distance from the
radiation source, but is inversely proportional to the square of the distance [2,4]. This
means that double the distance from the radiation source can reduce the radiation
exposure not to 1/2 but to 1/4. Therefore, maintaining a greater distance from the X-
ray generator is a very effective method for radiation safety. In a previous study of
radiographers, two steps behind the mobile support structure can decrease the
exposure of the radiographer by about 80% [4]. In another study, being only 20 cm
farther from the center of the X-ray field can decrease
21. Shielding
There are many shielding devices such as caps, lead glasses, thyroid protectors,
aprons, radiation reducing gloves, and so on, for radiation safety during C-arm
fluoroscopy-guided interventions. Even though the protective effect is enough for
radiation safety, no use of the devices cannot protect the physician from radiation. In
Korea, the use rate of the apron and thyroid protector by pain physicians is over 80%
[1,2,6]. However, the use rate of lead glasses was about 40%, and the use rate of
radiation reducing gloves was lower than 35% [1]. The radiation shielding devices are
expensive, and the use of shielding devices can be uncomfortable. However, when a
physician uses these devices, they can be protected from radiation exposure.
22. Why is radiation protection important
Nowadays, a short walk under the hot sun requires one to carry an
umbrella or wear gloves until elbows to prevent the skin from getting
allergies or burns. Similarly, the radiation from medical devices has to be
contained to protect one from having a long-lasting impact on one’s
body. Ionizing radiation is extensively used in the field of medicine by
healthcare professionals for diagnosing various body ailments. The
exposure to harmful radiations like X-ray, gamma rays, beta rays, or
radiation from certain isotopes is therapeutic and at the same time
cancerous. The radiation has the ability to damage the cells in the body
resulting in the crumbling of tissues and organs
23. Importance of Radiation Protection
Accessories:
The side effects of radiation can not be limited to acute skin
allergies or redness, radiation burns, or hair loss but also to
damaging the DNA of cells which has the capability to harm
the future generation too. Thereby, the usage of radiation
protection accessories like radiation protection shields,
aprons, gloves, and eye wear comes to the rescue.
accessories like radiation protection shields, aprons,
gloves, and eye wear comes to the rescue.
24. Radiation Protection Aprons:
Any part of a human’s body can get exposed to ionizing radiation while medical
imaging and it is crucial to shield the whole body. A well-fitted radiation
protection apron guards the body of both the patient and the medical
practitioner from the scatter of radioactive elements in the imaging room.
Radiation Protection Gloves:
The hands of the physical examiner have more chances of getting exposed to
radiation while performing X-ray fluoroscopy or working under any other
imaging environment. The usage of lead free gloves restrict the entry of radiation
into the skin.
25. Radiation Protection Eyewear:
The most important part of the body that has to be cherished for a long period of
time is the eyes. The eyes are one of the most vulnerable and sensitive parts that can
become easy predators to radiation beams. Finely designed European glasses can
absorb 99% of the radiation while the molded framed glasses can be worn for long
hours.
Radiation Protection Shields:
Radiation protection shields are best at protecting the sensitive parts of the human
body. Kiran’s range of radiation protection head shields, gonad shields, patient
shields, and the ovarian shields are designed with ergonomic safety features to
safeguard one from scattered radiation.
26. Pregnancy and Radiation Protection :
Pregnant women are usually advised not to go through radiation, since the beam has
the power to harm the fetus inside the womb. If necessary, the beam restricting
radiation protection devices can be used to reduce the impact of radiation on
a pregnant woman.
27. Handling pf radiation protection device
Vast usage of radiation protection devices like eye wear, disposable gloves, aprons, and skirt
vests requires proper handling and storage for safety and better usage. The mishandling of
radiation protection devices might also increase the risk of the exposure to ionizing
radiation. Awareness on the usage, storage, and the safety of radiation protection devices
saves one from any unforeseen disasters.The radiation protection aprons must not be folded
as it might develop cracks that allow the radiation beams inside the body. It is better to hang
the apron in a hanger for a long shelf life. A small crack or tear on the apron requires an
immediate replacement.The eye glasses require a wash with warm water to remove dirt and
debris from the glasses. The glasses must be cleaned gently with a microfiber cloth to
prevent scratches. The glasses must be stored in their respective cases and must be frequently
checked for damages.Ionizing radiation has helped the medical community provide efficient
healthcare services. At the same time, healthcare professionals are also cautious about the
safety of patients from the radiation beams, knowing the impact it would have on one.
Trivitron’s Kiran has a wide range of radiation protection products and storage systems to
ensure a safe working environment that promotes well-being of the whole community.
28. What is consent?
Consent is a voluntary, enthusiastic, and clear agreement between the
participants to engage in specific sexual activity. Period.
There is no room for different views on what consent is. People incapacitated by
drugs or alcohol cannot consent.
If clear, voluntary, coherent, and ongoing consent is not given by all participants,
it’s sexual assault. There’s no room for ambiguity or assumptions when it comes
to consent, and there aren’t different rules for people who’ve hooked up before.
Nonconsensual sex is rape.
29. INFOMED CONSENT
Informed consent is a process of communication between you and your
health care provider that often leads to agreement or permission for care,
treatment, or services. Every patient has the right to get information and
ask questions before procedures and treatments. If adult patients are
mentally able to make their own decisions, medical care cannot begin
unless they give informed consent. The informed consent process makes
sure that your health care provider has given you information about your
condition along with testing and treatment options before you
decide what to do.
30. This information can include
The name of your condition
The name of the procedure or treatment that the health care provider
recommends
Risks and benefits of the treatment or procedure Risks and benefits of other options,
including not getting the treatment or procedure.
31. Signing informed consent means You have received all the information about your
treatment options from your health care provider.You understand the information
and you have had a chance to ask questions.You use this information to decide if
you want to receive the recommended treatment option(s) that have been
explained to you. Sometimes, you may choose to receive only part of the
recommended care. Talk to your health care provider about your options.If you
agree to receive all or some of the treatment options, you give your consent
(agree) by signing a consent form. The completed and signed form is a legal
document that lets your doctor go ahead with the treatment plan.
32. Why do I have to sign a consent form
The main purpose of the informed consent process is to protect the patient. A consent
form is a legal document that ensures an ongoing communication process between
you and your health care provider. It implies that your health care provider has given
you information about your condition and treatment options and that you have used
this information to choose the option that you feel is right for you.The way in which
your treatment options must be given to you (for example, verbally or in writing) may
be listed in your state's laws. Your health care provider works with you to figure out the
best way to give you the information you need. The provider may choose to use
methods other than a verbal discussion or a written document, such as videos,
interactive computer modules, audio files or other methods to help you understand
the information better. Be sure you understand all the information given, even if it
means going over it many times or asking your provider to explain it in different ways.
33. Can I change my mind after I've signed
the consent
yes you can change your mind at any time, even if you have already started treatment. Let your health
care provider know of your wishes.
What types of procedures need informed consent?
The following scenarios require informed consent:
• most surgeries
• blood transfusions
• anesthesia
• radiation
• chemotherapy
• some advanced medical tests, like a biopsy
• most vaccinations
• some blood tests, like HIV testing
34. Can others sign a consent form on
your behalf?
In some cases, another person can sign a consent form for you. This is appropriate in
the following scenarios:
• You aren’t of legal age. In most states, if you’re younger than 18, a parent or
guardian will need to give consent on your behalf. But some states allow teens who
are emancipated, married, parents, or in the military to provide their own consent.
• You want someone else to make the decisions. If you’d like to let another person
make your future medical decisions, you can fill out a form called an advance
directive. This allows someone else to give consent on your behalf if you’re unable to.
• You can’t give consent. Another person can make your medical decisions if you can’t
provide consent. This may happen if you’re in a coma, or have a condition like
advanced Alzheimer’s disease.
35. How does informed consent differ from implied consent?
Implied consent is a type of informed consent. This consent is suggested, or
implied, by the patient’s actions. It isn’t explicitly stated or written down.
For example, if you have a fever and see a healthcare provider, your visit implies
that you want treatment. Another example is if you break an ankle and visit a
healthcare provider for crutches.
Compared to informed consent, implied consent is less formal. It doesn’t need to
be legally
36. When is informed consent not required
Informed consent isn’t always required in emergencies.
In an emergency, your provider may look for your closest blood relatives for
consent. But if your relatives aren’t available, or if you’re in a life-threatening
situation, a healthcare provider can perform the necessary life-saving procedures
without consent.