1) The document discusses the relationship between school discipline and incarceration, noting that minority and special education students receive a disproportionate number of disciplinary actions. 2) Reasons for disproportionate discipline include a lack of teacher training in classroom management and cultural practices, as well as racial stereotypes. 3) Alternatives to punitive school discipline include positive behavioral supports, social emotional learning, restorative practices, and safe school programs.

1. Is School Discipline a
Pathway to Incarceration?
Deborah Adams

2. Introduction
 Throughout several years and as many
courses I have recognized and become
increasingly concerned about the relationship
between school discipline and incarceration.
My research is based on accumulated data
acquired on the subject.
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WEL440: Leadership in Practice

3. School Discipline
30 % of students are low Income who
receive 57 % of disciplinary removal from
school.
Special education students at 17%
account for 40 % of removals.
51% of students are males who account
for 75% of removals.
Black/African American students make
up 8% but account for 16% of removals.
Hispanic students are 14% and account
for 16% of removals
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Rennie Center: Act Out, Get Out?

4. Reasons for Discipline
Lack of teacher preparation in classroom
management
Lack of training in cultural practices
Racial stereotypes
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Rennie Center: Act Out, Get Out?

5. Alternatives to Discipline
School-wide positive behavioral supports (SWPBS)
Develop integrated systems of student support
Social Emotional Learning (SEL)
Promotes social and emotional competence
Restorative Practices
Making students accountable for actions
 Safe and Responsive Schools (SRS)
Improving behavior at school
Rennie Center: Act Out, Get Out? 5

6. Incarceration
Cycle of Discipline
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YouTube

7. Arrests by Race
Total Drug Violations by
Cities
Blacks:
346,354
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FBI Crime in the U.S. 2004

8. Arrests by Race
Total Drug Violations by
Metro Counties
Blacks:
47,811
FBI Crime in the U.S. 2004 8

9. Arrests by Race
Total Drug Violations by
Non-Metro Counties
Blacks:
12,725
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FBI Crime in the U.S. 2004

10. Research Process
Completing
Editing
Collaborating
Drafting
Collaborating
Collecting Scheduling
Data
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WEL440: Leadership in Practice

11. Conclusion
This project has taught me
how to use my strengths
to drive results.
Self-directed learning
evolves similar to life
experiences.
My project has lead me to
better appreciate a cause.
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WEL440: Leadership in Practice