Speech Sciences document discusses the anatomy and functions of the tongue and various pathologies that can affect it. The tongue is a muscular organ covered in papillae and taste buds. It is involved in chewing, swallowing, and speech. Common tongue pathologies include oral thrush, median rhomboid glossitis, fissured tongue, atrophic glossitis, geographic tongue, hairy tongue, leukoplakia, burning mouth syndrome, and macroglossia. Each condition is described in terms of symptoms, causes, and potential treatments. Maintaining good oral hygiene is important for tongue health.
The document discusses several disorders of the tongue including oral hairy leukoplakia, hairy tongue, ankyloglossia, squamous cell carcinoma, strawberry tongue, pernicious anemia, median rhomboid glossitis, geographic tongue, fissured tongue, and burning mouth syndrome. It provides details on symptoms, causes, and treatments for each condition. Key information includes that oral hairy leukoplakia is associated with HIV, hairy tongue results from poor oral hygiene, ankyloglossia restricts tongue movement, smoking increases risk of squamous cell carcinoma, and strawberry tongue reflects underlying diseases like scarlet fever or Kawasaki disease.
This document provides a summary of various conditions that affect the tongue, including fissured tongue, median rhomboidal glossitis, benign migratory glossitis, hairy tongue, crenated tongue, foliate papillitis, and leukokeratosis nicotine glossitis. For each condition, it describes the classification, etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment options. A team of doctors presented the information, which was organized into sections on classification, introduction, etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of tongue conditions.
Diseases of the Lips, Swellings of the Face and NeckHadi Munib
This document discusses diseases of the lips and tongue, disturbances of taste and halitosis, and swellings of the head and neck. It describes common conditions that can cause swelling of the lips such as angioedema, mucocele, and abscess. Diseases of the tongue covered include geographic tongue, hairy tongue, and median rhomboid glossitis. Causes of altered taste and halitosis are also outlined. The document concludes by discussing the differential diagnosis of facial and neck swellings, including infectious, neoplastic, traumatic, endocrine/metabolic etiologies and more.
Developmental disorders of tongue elvis chiramel davidDr. Elvis David
This document discusses various developmental disturbances that can occur in the tongue, including microglossia, macroglossia, ankyloglossia, cleft tongue, fissured tongue, median rhomboid glossitis, benign migratory glossitis, hairy tongue, lingual varices, and lingual thyroid nodule. It provides details on the etiology, clinical features, classification where relevant, and treatment for each of these conditions. Various tongue abnormalities can result in difficulties with speech, swallowing, or irritation and infection if debris gets trapped. Treatment may involve surgery, antifungal medications, or reducing long term antibiotic use depending on the specific condition.
There are lots of diseases and condition that can occur in oral oral cavity which has huge effect in our overall heath . here are the few condition discussed along with there etiology , sign , symptoms and their treatment .
This document discusses various developmental disturbances that can affect the tongue, including microglossia (small tongue), macroglossia (large tongue), ankyloglossia (tongue tie), cleft tongue, fissured tongue, median rhomboid glossitis (reddish patch on dorsal tongue), benign migratory glossitis (geographic tongue), hairy tongue, lingual varices (dilated veins on tongue), and lingual thyroid nodule (thyroid tissue on tongue). Many of these conditions can cause difficulties with speech, swallowing, or irritation of the tongue. Treatment may include surgery, antifungal medications, or thyroid hormone supplements.
The document discusses various diseases and conditions that can affect the tongue, including glossitis, vascular and lymphatic lesions like infantile hemangiomas and oral varices, infectious conditions like oral hairy leukoplakia and candidiasis, and malignant neoplasms such as squamous cell carcinoma. It provides details on the causes, clinical presentations, and treatments for each condition.
This document discusses common problems associated with the oral cavity. It begins by introducing the anatomy of the oral cavity and importance of oral healthcare. It then lists and describes 10 common oral problems: 1) bad breath, 2) gum problems, 3) tooth decay, 4) oral cancer, 5) burning mouth syndrome, 6) geographic tongue, 7) leukoplakia, 8) dry mouth, 9) halitosis, and 10) dental abscess. It also briefly discusses systemic diseases and iatrogenic problems that can affect the oral cavity. The document provides details on causes, symptoms, and potential treatments for each problem. It concludes by listing references used.
The document discusses several disorders of the tongue including oral hairy leukoplakia, hairy tongue, ankyloglossia, squamous cell carcinoma, strawberry tongue, pernicious anemia, median rhomboid glossitis, geographic tongue, fissured tongue, and burning mouth syndrome. It provides details on symptoms, causes, and treatments for each condition. Key information includes that oral hairy leukoplakia is associated with HIV, hairy tongue results from poor oral hygiene, ankyloglossia restricts tongue movement, smoking increases risk of squamous cell carcinoma, and strawberry tongue reflects underlying diseases like scarlet fever or Kawasaki disease.
This document provides a summary of various conditions that affect the tongue, including fissured tongue, median rhomboidal glossitis, benign migratory glossitis, hairy tongue, crenated tongue, foliate papillitis, and leukokeratosis nicotine glossitis. For each condition, it describes the classification, etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment options. A team of doctors presented the information, which was organized into sections on classification, introduction, etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of tongue conditions.
Diseases of the Lips, Swellings of the Face and NeckHadi Munib
This document discusses diseases of the lips and tongue, disturbances of taste and halitosis, and swellings of the head and neck. It describes common conditions that can cause swelling of the lips such as angioedema, mucocele, and abscess. Diseases of the tongue covered include geographic tongue, hairy tongue, and median rhomboid glossitis. Causes of altered taste and halitosis are also outlined. The document concludes by discussing the differential diagnosis of facial and neck swellings, including infectious, neoplastic, traumatic, endocrine/metabolic etiologies and more.
Developmental disorders of tongue elvis chiramel davidDr. Elvis David
This document discusses various developmental disturbances that can occur in the tongue, including microglossia, macroglossia, ankyloglossia, cleft tongue, fissured tongue, median rhomboid glossitis, benign migratory glossitis, hairy tongue, lingual varices, and lingual thyroid nodule. It provides details on the etiology, clinical features, classification where relevant, and treatment for each of these conditions. Various tongue abnormalities can result in difficulties with speech, swallowing, or irritation and infection if debris gets trapped. Treatment may involve surgery, antifungal medications, or reducing long term antibiotic use depending on the specific condition.
There are lots of diseases and condition that can occur in oral oral cavity which has huge effect in our overall heath . here are the few condition discussed along with there etiology , sign , symptoms and their treatment .
This document discusses various developmental disturbances that can affect the tongue, including microglossia (small tongue), macroglossia (large tongue), ankyloglossia (tongue tie), cleft tongue, fissured tongue, median rhomboid glossitis (reddish patch on dorsal tongue), benign migratory glossitis (geographic tongue), hairy tongue, lingual varices (dilated veins on tongue), and lingual thyroid nodule (thyroid tissue on tongue). Many of these conditions can cause difficulties with speech, swallowing, or irritation of the tongue. Treatment may include surgery, antifungal medications, or thyroid hormone supplements.
The document discusses various diseases and conditions that can affect the tongue, including glossitis, vascular and lymphatic lesions like infantile hemangiomas and oral varices, infectious conditions like oral hairy leukoplakia and candidiasis, and malignant neoplasms such as squamous cell carcinoma. It provides details on the causes, clinical presentations, and treatments for each condition.
This document discusses common problems associated with the oral cavity. It begins by introducing the anatomy of the oral cavity and importance of oral healthcare. It then lists and describes 10 common oral problems: 1) bad breath, 2) gum problems, 3) tooth decay, 4) oral cancer, 5) burning mouth syndrome, 6) geographic tongue, 7) leukoplakia, 8) dry mouth, 9) halitosis, and 10) dental abscess. It also briefly discusses systemic diseases and iatrogenic problems that can affect the oral cavity. The document provides details on causes, symptoms, and potential treatments for each problem. It concludes by listing references used.
This document discusses various developmental anomalies of soft tissues in the oral cavity. It summarizes anomalies of the tongue including microglossia, macroglossia, ankyloglossia, hairy tongue, and lingual thyroid. It also discusses orofacial clefts, anomalies of the lips including congenital lip pits and double lip, and anomalies of the oral mucosa such as Fordyce granules and leukoedema. Treatment and prognosis are provided for each condition. The document is intended to provide an overview of common soft tissue anomalies seen in the oral cavity.
Introduction
Development of tongue.
Anatomy of tongue
Arterial supply & nerve supply of tongue.
functions of the tongue.
Pathologic consideration of tongue.
Conclusion.
References
THE TONGUE IN HEALTH AND SICKNESS.pptxAisha lamido
The document provides an overview of the tongue's anatomy, functions, and clinical significance. It discusses the appearance of a healthy tongue and various abnormalities that may indicate underlying oral or systemic diseases. Color changes, surface features, moisture, size, ulcers, tumors, movement abnormalities, and developmental anomalies are described. The role of family physicians in examining the tongue and recognizing abnormalities that may assist in diagnosis is emphasized. The tongue is a useful clinical indicator and abnormalities can present diagnostic challenges requiring thorough history and examination.
Ankyloglossia, also known as tongue-tie, is a rare congenital tongue anomaly that decreases tongue mobility and can cause speech and feeding problems in infants. It is caused by an unusually short, thick lingual frenulum. Black hairy tongue is a temporary condition caused by a buildup of dead cells on the tongue's papillae. It does not typically require treatment. Geographic tongue appears as smooth, red patches on the tongue where papillae are missing. It is not associated with infection or cancer.
for undergraduate dental students this presentation includes essential & common disorders which related to the tongue very briefly. Though this may be very helpfull to you to as a start for further readings & studying.
This document discusses various diseases that can affect the lips and tongue. It outlines conditions like swelling of the lips, angular chelitis, lip fissures, and perioral dermatitis that involve the lips. For the tongue, it describes abnormalities, infections like hairy tongue, traumatic injuries, geographic tongue, and median rhomboid glossitis. It provides details on symptoms, causes, and treatment approaches for many of these oral diseases.
Oral pathology is the study of diseases affecting the mouth and surrounding areas. Common oral pathologies include oral ulcers, tonsillitis, strep throat, salivary gland diseases, herpes, mumps, and oral cancer. Symptoms may include red or white patches in the mouth, sore throat, difficulty chewing or swallowing, or sores that bleed and don't heal. Specific oral pathologies discussed in more detail include erythroplakia (red patches that could indicate oral cancer), leukoplakia (white patches that could become precancerous), herpes simplex virus (fever blisters or cold sores), candidiasis or thrush (fungal overgrowth causing red
Children have oral mucosal conditions and other head and neck medical problems which have both similarities and differences to those found in adults .
A wide variety of oral lesions and soft tissue anomalies are detected in children, but the low frequency at which many of these entities occur makes them challenging to clinically diagnose.
This document provides a classification and overview of various tongue disorders and conditions. It discusses inherited, congenital, developmental anomalies as well as disorders affecting the lingual mucosa, body of the tongue, and tumors of the tongue. Specific conditions covered include geographic tongue, hairy tongue, median rhomboid glossitis, macroglossia, fissured tongue, ankyloglossia and more. For each condition, the document provides details on etiology, clinical features, management and related syndromes.
The tongue is made up of papillae and muscles that contain different types of taste buds. Diseases and deficiencies can affect the tongue's appearance, including changes in color, surface texture, size, and presence of ulcers. Common tongue conditions include hairy tongue, fissured tongue, geographic tongue, median rhomboid glossitis, candidiasis, macroglossia, atrophic glossitis, and leukoplakia. Examination of the tongue can provide clues to underlying systemic diseases or nutritional deficiencies.
BURNING MOUTH SYNDROME, GLOSSODYNIA AND GLOSSOPYROSIS_112752.pptxAmitKumarSarma1
This document discusses burning mouth syndrome and glossodynia. It defines burning mouth syndrome as a burning sensation of the oral mucosa without visible lesions. It most commonly affects postmenopausal women. The causes are multifactorial and may include local factors like dry mouth or systemic factors like nutritional deficiencies. Treatment focuses on reducing pain and dry mouth symptoms using medications, supplements or saliva substitutes. Glossodynia is characterized by pain or burning sensations on the tongue or oral cavity without lesions. It has many potential causes including deficiencies, diabetes, gastric issues or psychogenic factors. Treatment aims to address potential underlying causes or reduce symptoms using topical anesthetics, analgesics or other medications.
This document provides a classification and overview of various disorders that can affect the tongue. It discusses inherited/congenital disorders like partial ankyloglossia, variations in tongue movement, and macroglossia. It also covers diseases of the lingual mucosa such as geographic tongue and hairy tongue. Finally, it summarizes disorders that affect the body of the tongue and tumors that can develop on the tongue.
The document describes various normal anatomical structures and abnormalities that can present on the tongue, including different types of papillae, taste buds, and developmental variations. It then discusses many potential clinical findings involving the tongue related to deficiencies, infections, tumors, and other oral diseases. Specific conditions covered in detail include hairy tongue, leukoplakia, geographic tongue, candidiasis, macroglossia, ulcers, deviations and ties. Multiple images are also provided to illustrate key pathologies.
The tongue is made up of papillae and muscles that contain different types of taste buds. Appearances such as color, size, ulcers, and tremors can provide clues to underlying diseases or deficiencies. Common tongue conditions include hairy tongue, leukoplakia, candidiasis, fissures, and geographic tongue. Diseases like anemia, scurvy, cancer, and infections can cause changes to the tongue's color, surface, movements, and size. A thorough exam of the tongue is important for diagnosis.
Tooth decay, also known as dental caries or cavities, is a common oral disease caused by acids produced by certain bacteria breaking down tooth enamel and dentin. Periodontal disease is a serious gum infection caused by bacteria that can damage tissues supporting the teeth and lead to tooth loss. Mouth ulcers, or canker sores, are small painful lesions that develop in the mouth or at the base of gums and have several causes including minor injury or lack of vitamins and minerals.
This document discusses various benign oral and dental diseases, disorders affecting the oral mucosa, and causes of gingival bleeding. It covers topics like blisters, pigmentation, redness, swellings, white patches, and inherited and acquired mucosal disorders. Specific conditions mentioned include chronic gingivitis, lichen planus, candidiasis, angular cheilitis, burning mouth syndrome, atypical facial pain, and trigeminal neuralgia. Causes range from local factors to systemic diseases and deficiencies. Management involves treating underlying causes and conditions.
Misconceptions exist in relation to halitosis, including:
Low prevalence
Aetiology: gastrointestinal origin
No reference practitioner exists
It has no solution or treatment
In this presentation we will debunk these misconceptions...
Noble Dental Care is a family-oriented dental care clinic with award winning dentists that care about you and your health. Give us the opportunity to give you the smile of your dreams. Call us for an appointment at (480) 820-3515.
Visit site: https://nobledentalcare.com/
Noble Dental Care
1980 East Baseline Road #101, Tempe, AZ 85283
(480) 820-3515
info.nobledds@gmail.com
Oral candidiasis and stomatitis. name - seelam Sai charitha .pptxSaicharitha15
This document discusses oral candidiasis (thrush) and stomatitis. It provides details on:
- Causes of oral candidiasis including local and general predisposing factors
- Classification of oral candidiasis into traditional categories and primary/secondary types
- Symptoms of oral candidiasis such as white spots and discomfort
- Diagnosis through examination and testing
- Treatment using antifungal medications
It also covers types of stomatitis like canker sores and cold sores, their causes from viruses or sensitivities, symptoms like pain and sores, and treatments like antiviral medication or numbing agents.
Presentation of our paper, "Towards Quantitative Evaluation of Explainable AI Methods for Deepfake Detection", by K. Tsigos, E. Apostolidis, S. Baxevanakis, S. Papadopoulos, V. Mezaris. Presented at the ACM Int. Workshop on Multimedia AI against Disinformation (MAD’24) of the ACM Int. Conf. on Multimedia Retrieval (ICMR’24), Thailand, June 2024. https://doi.org/10.1145/3643491.3660292 https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.18649
Software available at https://github.com/IDT-ITI/XAI-Deepfakes
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and Replicability
Abstract: Reproducibility (aka determinism in some cases) constitutes a fundamental aspect in various fields of computer science, such as floating-point computations in numerical analysis and simulation, concurrency models in parallelism, reproducible builds for third parties integration and packaging, and containerization for execution environments. These concepts, while pervasive across diverse concerns, often exhibit intricate inter-dependencies, making it challenging to achieve a comprehensive understanding. In this short and vision paper we delve into the application of software engineering techniques, specifically variability management, to systematically identify and explicit points of variability that may give rise to reproducibility issues (eg language, libraries, compiler, virtual machine, OS, environment variables, etc). The primary objectives are: i) gaining insights into the variability layers and their possible interactions, ii) capturing and documenting configurations for the sake of reproducibility, and iii) exploring diverse configurations to replicate, and hence validate and ensure the robustness of results. By adopting these methodologies, we aim to address the complexities associated with reproducibility and replicability in modern software systems and environments, facilitating a more comprehensive and nuanced perspective on these critical aspects.
https://hal.science/hal-04582287
More Related Content
Similar to Pathologies of tongue detail presentation
This document discusses various developmental anomalies of soft tissues in the oral cavity. It summarizes anomalies of the tongue including microglossia, macroglossia, ankyloglossia, hairy tongue, and lingual thyroid. It also discusses orofacial clefts, anomalies of the lips including congenital lip pits and double lip, and anomalies of the oral mucosa such as Fordyce granules and leukoedema. Treatment and prognosis are provided for each condition. The document is intended to provide an overview of common soft tissue anomalies seen in the oral cavity.
Introduction
Development of tongue.
Anatomy of tongue
Arterial supply & nerve supply of tongue.
functions of the tongue.
Pathologic consideration of tongue.
Conclusion.
References
THE TONGUE IN HEALTH AND SICKNESS.pptxAisha lamido
The document provides an overview of the tongue's anatomy, functions, and clinical significance. It discusses the appearance of a healthy tongue and various abnormalities that may indicate underlying oral or systemic diseases. Color changes, surface features, moisture, size, ulcers, tumors, movement abnormalities, and developmental anomalies are described. The role of family physicians in examining the tongue and recognizing abnormalities that may assist in diagnosis is emphasized. The tongue is a useful clinical indicator and abnormalities can present diagnostic challenges requiring thorough history and examination.
Ankyloglossia, also known as tongue-tie, is a rare congenital tongue anomaly that decreases tongue mobility and can cause speech and feeding problems in infants. It is caused by an unusually short, thick lingual frenulum. Black hairy tongue is a temporary condition caused by a buildup of dead cells on the tongue's papillae. It does not typically require treatment. Geographic tongue appears as smooth, red patches on the tongue where papillae are missing. It is not associated with infection or cancer.
for undergraduate dental students this presentation includes essential & common disorders which related to the tongue very briefly. Though this may be very helpfull to you to as a start for further readings & studying.
This document discusses various diseases that can affect the lips and tongue. It outlines conditions like swelling of the lips, angular chelitis, lip fissures, and perioral dermatitis that involve the lips. For the tongue, it describes abnormalities, infections like hairy tongue, traumatic injuries, geographic tongue, and median rhomboid glossitis. It provides details on symptoms, causes, and treatment approaches for many of these oral diseases.
Oral pathology is the study of diseases affecting the mouth and surrounding areas. Common oral pathologies include oral ulcers, tonsillitis, strep throat, salivary gland diseases, herpes, mumps, and oral cancer. Symptoms may include red or white patches in the mouth, sore throat, difficulty chewing or swallowing, or sores that bleed and don't heal. Specific oral pathologies discussed in more detail include erythroplakia (red patches that could indicate oral cancer), leukoplakia (white patches that could become precancerous), herpes simplex virus (fever blisters or cold sores), candidiasis or thrush (fungal overgrowth causing red
Children have oral mucosal conditions and other head and neck medical problems which have both similarities and differences to those found in adults .
A wide variety of oral lesions and soft tissue anomalies are detected in children, but the low frequency at which many of these entities occur makes them challenging to clinically diagnose.
This document provides a classification and overview of various tongue disorders and conditions. It discusses inherited, congenital, developmental anomalies as well as disorders affecting the lingual mucosa, body of the tongue, and tumors of the tongue. Specific conditions covered include geographic tongue, hairy tongue, median rhomboid glossitis, macroglossia, fissured tongue, ankyloglossia and more. For each condition, the document provides details on etiology, clinical features, management and related syndromes.
The tongue is made up of papillae and muscles that contain different types of taste buds. Diseases and deficiencies can affect the tongue's appearance, including changes in color, surface texture, size, and presence of ulcers. Common tongue conditions include hairy tongue, fissured tongue, geographic tongue, median rhomboid glossitis, candidiasis, macroglossia, atrophic glossitis, and leukoplakia. Examination of the tongue can provide clues to underlying systemic diseases or nutritional deficiencies.
BURNING MOUTH SYNDROME, GLOSSODYNIA AND GLOSSOPYROSIS_112752.pptxAmitKumarSarma1
This document discusses burning mouth syndrome and glossodynia. It defines burning mouth syndrome as a burning sensation of the oral mucosa without visible lesions. It most commonly affects postmenopausal women. The causes are multifactorial and may include local factors like dry mouth or systemic factors like nutritional deficiencies. Treatment focuses on reducing pain and dry mouth symptoms using medications, supplements or saliva substitutes. Glossodynia is characterized by pain or burning sensations on the tongue or oral cavity without lesions. It has many potential causes including deficiencies, diabetes, gastric issues or psychogenic factors. Treatment aims to address potential underlying causes or reduce symptoms using topical anesthetics, analgesics or other medications.
This document provides a classification and overview of various disorders that can affect the tongue. It discusses inherited/congenital disorders like partial ankyloglossia, variations in tongue movement, and macroglossia. It also covers diseases of the lingual mucosa such as geographic tongue and hairy tongue. Finally, it summarizes disorders that affect the body of the tongue and tumors that can develop on the tongue.
The document describes various normal anatomical structures and abnormalities that can present on the tongue, including different types of papillae, taste buds, and developmental variations. It then discusses many potential clinical findings involving the tongue related to deficiencies, infections, tumors, and other oral diseases. Specific conditions covered in detail include hairy tongue, leukoplakia, geographic tongue, candidiasis, macroglossia, ulcers, deviations and ties. Multiple images are also provided to illustrate key pathologies.
The tongue is made up of papillae and muscles that contain different types of taste buds. Appearances such as color, size, ulcers, and tremors can provide clues to underlying diseases or deficiencies. Common tongue conditions include hairy tongue, leukoplakia, candidiasis, fissures, and geographic tongue. Diseases like anemia, scurvy, cancer, and infections can cause changes to the tongue's color, surface, movements, and size. A thorough exam of the tongue is important for diagnosis.
Tooth decay, also known as dental caries or cavities, is a common oral disease caused by acids produced by certain bacteria breaking down tooth enamel and dentin. Periodontal disease is a serious gum infection caused by bacteria that can damage tissues supporting the teeth and lead to tooth loss. Mouth ulcers, or canker sores, are small painful lesions that develop in the mouth or at the base of gums and have several causes including minor injury or lack of vitamins and minerals.
This document discusses various benign oral and dental diseases, disorders affecting the oral mucosa, and causes of gingival bleeding. It covers topics like blisters, pigmentation, redness, swellings, white patches, and inherited and acquired mucosal disorders. Specific conditions mentioned include chronic gingivitis, lichen planus, candidiasis, angular cheilitis, burning mouth syndrome, atypical facial pain, and trigeminal neuralgia. Causes range from local factors to systemic diseases and deficiencies. Management involves treating underlying causes and conditions.
Misconceptions exist in relation to halitosis, including:
Low prevalence
Aetiology: gastrointestinal origin
No reference practitioner exists
It has no solution or treatment
In this presentation we will debunk these misconceptions...
Noble Dental Care is a family-oriented dental care clinic with award winning dentists that care about you and your health. Give us the opportunity to give you the smile of your dreams. Call us for an appointment at (480) 820-3515.
Visit site: https://nobledentalcare.com/
Noble Dental Care
1980 East Baseline Road #101, Tempe, AZ 85283
(480) 820-3515
info.nobledds@gmail.com
Oral candidiasis and stomatitis. name - seelam Sai charitha .pptxSaicharitha15
This document discusses oral candidiasis (thrush) and stomatitis. It provides details on:
- Causes of oral candidiasis including local and general predisposing factors
- Classification of oral candidiasis into traditional categories and primary/secondary types
- Symptoms of oral candidiasis such as white spots and discomfort
- Diagnosis through examination and testing
- Treatment using antifungal medications
It also covers types of stomatitis like canker sores and cold sores, their causes from viruses or sensitivities, symptoms like pain and sores, and treatments like antiviral medication or numbing agents.
Similar to Pathologies of tongue detail presentation (20)
Presentation of our paper, "Towards Quantitative Evaluation of Explainable AI Methods for Deepfake Detection", by K. Tsigos, E. Apostolidis, S. Baxevanakis, S. Papadopoulos, V. Mezaris. Presented at the ACM Int. Workshop on Multimedia AI against Disinformation (MAD’24) of the ACM Int. Conf. on Multimedia Retrieval (ICMR’24), Thailand, June 2024. https://doi.org/10.1145/3643491.3660292 https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.18649
Software available at https://github.com/IDT-ITI/XAI-Deepfakes
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and Replicability
Abstract: Reproducibility (aka determinism in some cases) constitutes a fundamental aspect in various fields of computer science, such as floating-point computations in numerical analysis and simulation, concurrency models in parallelism, reproducible builds for third parties integration and packaging, and containerization for execution environments. These concepts, while pervasive across diverse concerns, often exhibit intricate inter-dependencies, making it challenging to achieve a comprehensive understanding. In this short and vision paper we delve into the application of software engineering techniques, specifically variability management, to systematically identify and explicit points of variability that may give rise to reproducibility issues (eg language, libraries, compiler, virtual machine, OS, environment variables, etc). The primary objectives are: i) gaining insights into the variability layers and their possible interactions, ii) capturing and documenting configurations for the sake of reproducibility, and iii) exploring diverse configurations to replicate, and hence validate and ensure the robustness of results. By adopting these methodologies, we aim to address the complexities associated with reproducibility and replicability in modern software systems and environments, facilitating a more comprehensive and nuanced perspective on these critical aspects.
https://hal.science/hal-04582287
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Discovery of An Apparent Red, High-Velocity Type Ia Supernova at 𝐳 = 2.9 wi...Sérgio Sacani
We present the JWST discovery of SN 2023adsy, a transient object located in a host galaxy JADES-GS
+
53.13485
−
27.82088
with a host spectroscopic redshift of
2.903
±
0.007
. The transient was identified in deep James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)/NIRCam imaging from the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES) program. Photometric and spectroscopic followup with NIRCam and NIRSpec, respectively, confirm the redshift and yield UV-NIR light-curve, NIR color, and spectroscopic information all consistent with a Type Ia classification. Despite its classification as a likely SN Ia, SN 2023adsy is both fairly red (
�
(
�
−
�
)
∼
0.9
) despite a host galaxy with low-extinction and has a high Ca II velocity (
19
,
000
±
2
,
000
km/s) compared to the general population of SNe Ia. While these characteristics are consistent with some Ca-rich SNe Ia, particularly SN 2016hnk, SN 2023adsy is intrinsically brighter than the low-
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Ca-rich population. Although such an object is too red for any low-
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cosmological sample, we apply a fiducial standardization approach to SN 2023adsy and find that the SN 2023adsy luminosity distance measurement is in excellent agreement (
≲
1
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) with
Λ
CDM. Therefore unlike low-
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Ca-rich SNe Ia, SN 2023adsy is standardizable and gives no indication that SN Ia standardized luminosities change significantly with redshift. A larger sample of distant SNe Ia is required to determine if SN Ia population characteristics at high-
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truly diverge from their low-
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counterparts, and to confirm that standardized luminosities nevertheless remain constant with redshift.
Signatures of wave erosion in Titan’s coastsSérgio Sacani
The shorelines of Titan’s hydrocarbon seas trace flooded erosional landforms such as river valleys; however, it isunclear whether coastal erosion has subsequently altered these shorelines. Spacecraft observations and theo-retical models suggest that wind may cause waves to form on Titan’s seas, potentially driving coastal erosion,but the observational evidence of waves is indirect, and the processes affecting shoreline evolution on Titanremain unknown. No widely accepted framework exists for using shoreline morphology to quantitatively dis-cern coastal erosion mechanisms, even on Earth, where the dominant mechanisms are known. We combinelandscape evolution models with measurements of shoreline shape on Earth to characterize how differentcoastal erosion mechanisms affect shoreline morphology. Applying this framework to Titan, we find that theshorelines of Titan’s seas are most consistent with flooded landscapes that subsequently have been eroded bywaves, rather than a uniform erosional process or no coastal erosion, particularly if wave growth saturates atfetch lengths of tens of kilometers.
Dr. Firoozeh Kashani-Sabet is an innovator in Middle Eastern Studies and approaches her work, particularly focused on Iran, with a depth and commitment that has resulted in multiple book publications. She is notable for her work with the University of Pennsylvania, where she serves as the Walter H. Annenberg Professor of History.
Order : Trombidiformes (Acarina) Class : Arachnida
Mites normally feed on the undersurface of the leaves but the symptoms are more easily seen on the uppersurface.
Tetranychids produce blotching (Spots) on the leaf-surface.
Tarsonemids and Eriophyids produce distortion (twist), puckering (Folds) or stunting (Short) of leaves.
Eriophyids produce distinct galls or blisters (fluid-filled sac in the outer layer)
SDSS1335+0728: The awakening of a ∼ 106M⊙ black hole⋆Sérgio Sacani
Context. The early-type galaxy SDSS J133519.91+072807.4 (hereafter SDSS1335+0728), which had exhibited no prior optical variations during the preceding two decades, began showing significant nuclear variability in the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) alert stream from December 2019 (as ZTF19acnskyy). This variability behaviour, coupled with the host-galaxy properties, suggests that SDSS1335+0728 hosts a ∼ 106M⊙ black hole (BH) that is currently in the process of ‘turning on’. Aims. We present a multi-wavelength photometric analysis and spectroscopic follow-up performed with the aim of better understanding the origin of the nuclear variations detected in SDSS1335+0728. Methods. We used archival photometry (from WISE, 2MASS, SDSS, GALEX, eROSITA) and spectroscopic data (from SDSS and LAMOST) to study the state of SDSS1335+0728 prior to December 2019, and new observations from Swift, SOAR/Goodman, VLT/X-shooter, and Keck/LRIS taken after its turn-on to characterise its current state. We analysed the variability of SDSS1335+0728 in the X-ray/UV/optical/mid-infrared range, modelled its spectral energy distribution prior to and after December 2019, and studied the evolution of its UV/optical spectra. Results. From our multi-wavelength photometric analysis, we find that: (a) since 2021, the UV flux (from Swift/UVOT observations) is four times brighter than the flux reported by GALEX in 2004; (b) since June 2022, the mid-infrared flux has risen more than two times, and the W1−W2 WISE colour has become redder; and (c) since February 2024, the source has begun showing X-ray emission. From our spectroscopic follow-up, we see that (i) the narrow emission line ratios are now consistent with a more energetic ionising continuum; (ii) broad emission lines are not detected; and (iii) the [OIII] line increased its flux ∼ 3.6 years after the first ZTF alert, which implies a relatively compact narrow-line-emitting region. Conclusions. We conclude that the variations observed in SDSS1335+0728 could be either explained by a ∼ 106M⊙ AGN that is just turning on or by an exotic tidal disruption event (TDE). If the former is true, SDSS1335+0728 is one of the strongest cases of an AGNobserved in the process of activating. If the latter were found to be the case, it would correspond to the longest and faintest TDE ever observed (or another class of still unknown nuclear transient). Future observations of SDSS1335+0728 are crucial to further understand its behaviour. Key words. galaxies: active– accretion, accretion discs– galaxies: individual: SDSS J133519.91+072807.4
Compositions of iron-meteorite parent bodies constrainthe structure of the pr...Sérgio Sacani
Magmatic iron-meteorite parent bodies are the earliest planetesimals in the Solar System,and they preserve information about conditions and planet-forming processes in thesolar nebula. In this study, we include comprehensive elemental compositions andfractional-crystallization modeling for iron meteorites from the cores of five differenti-ated asteroids from the inner Solar System. Together with previous results of metalliccores from the outer Solar System, we conclude that asteroidal cores from the outerSolar System have smaller sizes, elevated siderophile-element abundances, and simplercrystallization processes than those from the inner Solar System. These differences arerelated to the formation locations of the parent asteroids because the solar protoplane-tary disk varied in redox conditions, elemental distributions, and dynamics at differentheliocentric distances. Using highly siderophile-element data from iron meteorites, wereconstruct the distribution of calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs) across theprotoplanetary disk within the first million years of Solar-System history. CAIs, the firstsolids to condense in the Solar System, formed close to the Sun. They were, however,concentrated within the outer disk and depleted within the inner disk. Future modelsof the structure and evolution of the protoplanetary disk should account for this dis-tribution pattern of CAIs.
JAMES WEBB STUDY THE MASSIVE BLACK HOLE SEEDSSérgio Sacani
The pathway(s) to seeding the massive black holes (MBHs) that exist at the heart of galaxies in the present and distant Universe remains an unsolved problem. Here we categorise, describe and quantitatively discuss the formation pathways of both light and heavy seeds. We emphasise that the most recent computational models suggest that rather than a bimodal-like mass spectrum between light and heavy seeds with light at one end and heavy at the other that instead a continuum exists. Light seeds being more ubiquitous and the heavier seeds becoming less and less abundant due the rarer environmental conditions required for their formation. We therefore examine the different mechanisms that give rise to different seed mass spectrums. We show how and why the mechanisms that produce the heaviest seeds are also among the rarest events in the Universe and are hence extremely unlikely to be the seeds for the vast majority of the MBH population. We quantify, within the limits of the current large uncertainties in the seeding processes, the expected number densities of the seed mass spectrum. We argue that light seeds must be at least 103 to 105 times more numerous than heavy seeds to explain the MBH population as a whole. Based on our current understanding of the seed population this makes heavy seeds (Mseed > 103 M⊙) a significantly more likely pathway given that heavy seeds have an abundance pattern than is close to and likely in excess of 10−4 compared to light seeds. Finally, we examine the current state-of-the-art in numerical calculations and recent observations and plot a path forward for near-future advances in both domains.
5. WHAT IS TONGUE?
The tongue is a muscular organ in the mouth.
The tongue is covered with moist, pink tissue called MUCOSA.
Tiny bumps called PAPILLAE give the tongue its rough texture.
Thousands of TASTE BUDS cover the surfaces of the papillae. Taste buds are collections of
nerve-like cells that connect to nerves running into the brain.
The tether holding down the front of the tongue is called the FRENUM.
LOCATION
Your tongue runs from your hyoid bone (located in the middle of your neck) to the floor of
your mouth.
6. FUNCTONS
• The tongue is vital for chewing and swallowing food, as well as for speech.
• The four common tastes are sweet, sour, bitter, and salty.
7. PATHOLOGIES OF TONGUE
The Pathologies of tongue are as following:
1) Oral thrush
2) Median rhomboid glossitis
3) Fissured tongue
4) Atrophic glossitis
5) Geographic tongue
6) Hairy tongue
7) Leukoplakia
8) Burning tongue
9) Macroglossia
8. ORAL THRUSH
• Oral thrush is a fungal infection of the mouth
• It's also called oral candidosis (or candiasis) because it's
caused by a group of yeasts called Candida.
• commonly affects newborns and younger children, but it
may also affect adults with weakened immune systems,
such as those living with human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV).
• Oral thrush tends to cause white lesions on the tongue and
cheek that may appear to look like cottage cheese.
9. Symptoms
Loss of ability to taste
Redness and soreness inside and on the corners of the mouth
A cottony feeling inside of the mouth
Treatment
Antifungal medications
Antifungal mouthwash
Salt water
10. MEDIAN RHOMBOID GLOSSITIS
• Median rhomboid glossitis is the term used to describe a smooth, red, flat or raised nodular
area on the top part (dorsum) of the middle or back of the tongue.
• This condition is considered a chronic fungal infection.
• It typically presents as an ovoid area about 2 – 3 centimeters long in its longest dimension
• about 1% of the population and most often affects men between the ages of 30 – 50 years of
age.
CAUSES
Smoking
Denture wearing
Diabetes mellitus
Candidal infections
11. TREATMENT
In general, no treatment is necessary for median rhomboid glossitis
For those with symptoms (pain or burning sensation), an antifungal medication may be
prescribed to kill the yeast and thereby reduce the symptoms.
dentist may recommend a biopsy
12. FISSURED TONGUE
• The term fissured tongue describes the finding of multiple small furrows or grooves
on the dorsal (top) surface of the tongue. These fissures can be shallow or deep, single
or multiple.
• Fissured tongue is not contagious and is harmless. A dentist is most likely to discover
the condition
• CAUSES
• Researchers haven’t yet pinpointed the precise cause of fissured tongue.
• The condition may be genetic, as it’s often seen in higher concentrations within
families.
TREATMENT
Fissured tongue generally doesn’t require treatment.
It’s important to maintain proper oral and dental care, such as brushing the top surface
of the tongue to remove food debris and clean the tongue.
Bacteria and plaque can collect in the fissures, leading to bad breath and an increased
potential for tooth decay.
A
13. ATROPHIC GLOSSITIS
Atrophic glossitis (AG) is characterized by the partial or complete absence of filiform papillae on
the dorsal surface of the tongue.
CAUSES
AG may reflect the significant deficiencies of some major nutrients including riboflavin, niacin,
pyridoxine, vitamin B12, folic acid, iron, zinc, and vitamin E.
Treatment with radiation aimed at the head or neck region
Certain infections caused by bacteria, viruses or fungi, including thrush and geographic tongue
SYMPTOMS
A smooth, thin, red tongue with a reduced number of papillae
Loss of taste sensation
Burning or soreness in the mouth
Difficulty eating and speaking.
14. TYPES
Primary atrophic glossitis: This type is caused by nutritional deficiencies or
other metabolic disorders such as diabetes or anaemia. It is characterised by a smooth, red
tongue without any visible papillae.
Secondary atrophic glossitis: This type is caused by certain medications or medical
conditions that affect the tongue’s ability to produce papillae. These can include autoimmune
diseases such as lupus syndrome, chemotherapy drugs, radiation therapy to the head and neck
area, and HIV/AIDS medications.
Tertiary atrophic glossitis: This type is caused by chronic irritation from dental
appliances such as dentures or braces that rub against the tongue for long periods of time. It
causes pain and burning sensations on the tongue and can lead to permanent damage if left
untreated for too long.
15. GEOGRAPHIC TONGUE
• Geographic tongue is an inflammatory disorder that usually appears on the top and
sides of the tongue.
• Typically, affected tongues have a bald, red area of varying sizes that is surrounded, at
least in part, by an irregular white border (see Right).
• The appearance of the affected portion of the tongue results from loss of the papilla
CAUSES
The cause of geographic tongue is unknown.
A relationship between geographic tongue and psoriasis (a skin disease) has been
reported. Geographic tongue was found to be more frequent in patients with psoriasis.
TREATMENT
In most cases, there is no need for treatment of this condition.
Occasionally geographic tongue may cause a burning or smarting sensation of the
tongue. In this situation, topical anesthetics can be used for surface numbing.
Anti-inflammatory drugs also may be prescribed to help control discomfort.
16. HAIRY TONGUE
• The term hairy tongue is used to describe an abnormal coating on the top (dorsal) surface of
the tongue. It is a relatively common, temporary, and harmless condition that occurs in as much
as 13% of the population.
• Hairy tongue occurs due to lack of stimulation / abrasion to the top of the tongue. The result is
a buildup of a protein known as keratin (the same protein that makes up the hair on your head).
In severe cases, the length of these papillae can become quite long, giving a hair-like
appearance to the top of the tongue
• Also, when the papillae don’t properly shed, food, bacteria, and sometimes yeast can
accumulate in the hair-like mesh. These accumulations result in various colors to the surface of
the tongue.
• Certain types of bacteria and yeast can even give the tongue a black appearance, referred to as
“black hairy tongue”.
17. CAUSES
It can occur from poor oral hygiene (mouth cleaning), the use of
medications, chronic or extensive use of antibiotics, radiation treatment
to the head and neck area, excessive coffee or tea drinking, or tobacco
use.
It may also develop in persons with no teeth because their soft food diet
does not aid in the normal shedding of the papillae.
TREATMENT
May be treated with medical or surgical treatments
In most instances good oral hygiene with a toothbrush or tongue scraper
will result in elimination of the build up.
A solution of 1 part hydrogen peroxide to 2 parts water may help remove
the hair-like growths
18. LEUKOPLAKIA
Leukoplakia appears as thickened, white patches on your gums, cheeks and bottom of your
mouth that can't be scraped off.
TYPES
Types of leukoplakia are:
Homogenous: A thin, evenly colored white patch that is consistently wrinkled, smooth, or
ridged throughout the area of the patch
Non-homogenous: An irregularly shaped patch that is elevated, speckled, flat, or has
protrusions
Leukoplakia can be an indicator that Tongue Cancer is developing. The determination of cancer
depends on abnormal cells and the appearance, size, and shape of the patches. The only way to
reliably differentiate a non-cancerous leukoplakia from one harboring cancer is through biopsy.
19. CAUSES
Leukoplakia is typically caused by:
Heavy Smoking
Chewing Tobacco
Alcohol Use.
TREATMENT
Using a laser to remove the patches.
Using light-activated cancer drugs (photodynamic therapy).
Using cryotherapy, which is extreme cold that freezes and kills abnormal cells
and removes the patches.
Using an electrically heated needle or other instrument to remove the patches
(electrocauterization).
Studies suggest of leukoplakia comes back around 15% of the time after it’s
removed. Surgery to remove leukoplakia is the only way to make it go away.
20. BURNING MOUTH
• Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a burning sensation on your tongue, roof of your mouth or lips.
• It can happen anywhere in your mouth or throat.
• BMS often starts seemingly out of nowhere. It may feel like your tongue is being burned by a hot liquid like
coffee.
CATAGORIES:
There are two categories of burning mouth syndrome:
Primary BMS is when burning mouth isn’t caused by an underlying condition.
Secondary BMS is caused by an underlying condition, such as acid reflux. Treating the condition often
cures burning mouth syndrome.
SYMPTOMS
Pain in your mouth that feels like tingling, scalding or burning.
Numbness in your mouth that comes and goes.
Altered taste.
Dry mouth
21. CAUSES
Researchers believe the cause of primary BMS is nerve damage affecting the area of your tongue
that controls taste and pain. There’s a relationship between burning mouth and taste (gustatory)
changes.
Acid reflux.
Allergies to metal dental products or certain foods.
Depression.
Hormonal changes.
Mouth infections.
Nutritional deficiencies.
TREATMENT
Some antidepressants.
Antiseizure medication.
Gabapentin (a medicine used for seizures and herpes pain).
22. MACROGLOSSIA
• Macroglossia (enlarged tongue) is a rare condition that typically affects more children
than adults.
• People with macroglossia have tongues that are larger than typical, given the size of their
mouths.
SYMPTOMS
You may also have trouble eating, breathing or talking.
Noisy, high-pitched breathing (stridor).
Snoring or low-pitched breathing (stertor)
CAUSES
More frequently, macroglossia is a symptom of an underlying condition that people
either inherit or acquire through illness
Some surgeries and medical treatments may cause macroglossia.
23. CONTI…
Amyloidosis: This is a protein disorder that keeps tissues and organs from working
as they should.
Hypothyroidism: This is a common condition where your thyroid doesn’t create
and release enough thyroid hormone into your bloodstream. This makes your
metabolism slow down.
Acromegaly: This is a rare condition that causes your body to release too much
growth hormone. People with acromegaly often have oversized tongues, jaws, hands
and feet.
Diphtheria: This is an infectious disease that may cause your tongue to swell.
24. WHAT INHERITED CONDITIONS MIGHT CAUSE MACROGLOSSIA?
o Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome: This is a growth disorder syndrome that causes large body size,
large organs and can increase children’s risk for developing certain childhood cancers.
Approximately 90% of children who have Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome also have macroglossia.
o Hurler/Hunter syndrome (mucopolysaccharidosis): This is a group of diseases that affects your
body’s ability to break down sugar molecules.
o Down syndrome: People with Down syndrome are born with an extra chromosome, which changes
the way their brain and body develop, creating and physical and mental challenges.
HOW TO DIAGNOSE MACROGLOSSIA?
o Computed tomography (CT) scan. CT scans use a series of X-rays and a computer to create three-
dimensional (3D) images of your or your child’s mouth, head and neck.
o Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This is a painless test that uses a large magnet, radio waves
and a computer to produce very clear images of organs and structures within your or your child’s
body.
25. TREATMENT
Macroglossia treatments may include:
Medication such as corticosteroids for swelling.
Orthodontic treatment.
Surgery for macroglossia to reduce the size of their tongues.
26. How Can I Improve My Tongue Hygiene?
Here are seven things you should be doing daily to ensure your tongue is clean and healthy.
1.Brush your tongue regularly. Each time you brush your teeth, it is important to remember to
brush your tongue as well.
2.Try a tongue scraper
3.Rinse well.
4.Drink green tea.
5.Monitor the color of your tongue.
6.Drink plenty of water.
7.Healthy diet.