The document discusses proper citation of sources when writing papers. It states that any borrowed information, such as direct quotes, statistics, or specific facts must be cited. It also discusses how to properly summarize, paraphrase, and quote sources in one's own writing by restating the information in your own words and citing the original author. The document provides guidance on using quotation marks, brackets, ellipses, and other punctuation when incorporating external sources.

1. SUMMARIZING AND
PARAPHRASING
Michelle, Marrissa, and Allision

2. BORROWED LANGUAGE
 You must cite anything you borrow from a source, including direct
quotes; statistics and other specific facts.
 To show that you are using the sources exact phrases or sentences,
enclosed them in quotation marks unless they have been set off from
the text by indentations.

3. SUMMARIES AND
PARAPHRASES
 A summary condenses information from a source
 A paraphrase conveys the information using about the same number
of words
 You must name source and restate the meaning in your own words
 If you half copy or mix the author's phrases with your own without
quotations or plugging synonyms, this is Plagiarizm.
 Write in your own words, then check to make sure you have not used
the same language, structure or misrepresented the author.

4. QUOTES
 Quotations, summaries, paraphrases and facts will help you
develop your argument, but cannot speak for you.
 You can condense a quote with an Ellipsis Mark (. . .) to indicate
that you have omitted words.
 If you want to omit a full sentence or more, put a period in front
of the three dots. . . .
 Do not use the Ellipsis Mark in the beginning or end of a quote.

5.  Brackets allow you to insert your own words into quoted material, to
clarify a confusing reference or to make the quoted words fit.
 Set off long quotations by indenting it one inch on the left margin.
 At the end of an indented quotation, the parenthetical citation goes
outside the final punctuation mark
 Use clear signal phrases so the readers can move smoothly from your
words to the words of the source.
 When siting a statistic or specific fact, a signal phrase is not necessary

6.  The original passage:
 Students frequently overuse direct quotation in taking notes, and as a result
they overuse quotations in the final [research] paper. Probably only about 10%
of your final manuscript should appear as directly quoted matter. Therefore,
you should strive to limit the amount of exact transcribing of source materials
while taking notes. Lester, James D. Writing Research Papers. 2nd ed. (1976):
46-47.
 A legitimate paraphrase:
 In research papers students often quote excessively, failing to keep quoted
material down to a desirable level. Since the problem usually originates during
note taking, it is essential to minimize the material recorded verbatim (Lester
46-47).

7.  An acceptable summary:
 Students should take just a few notes in direct quotation from
sources to help minimize the amount of quoted material in a research
paper (Lester 46-47).
 A plagiarized version:
 Students often use too many direct quotations when they take notes,
resulting in too many of them in the final research paper. In fact,
probably only about 10% of the final copy should consist of directly
quoted material. So it is important to limit the amount of source
material copied while taking notes.