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In the Camera’s Eye:
Lenses & Perspectives
Photography as metaphor
Photography as metaphor
Paradigms,
 Perspectives,
  Models &
   Methods
Perspective in Biblical
      Studies
[Paradigms]
 The traditions, presuppositions, and
methods of a discipline that affect one’s
           reading of text.
Paradigms in Biblical Studies
Paradigms in Biblical Studies
 • Historical-Critical
   Approaches (“behind
   the text”)
Paradigms in Biblical Studies
 • Historical-Critical
   Approaches (“behind
   the text”)

 • Literary Approaches
   (“in the text”)
Paradigms in Biblical Studies
 • Historical-Critical
   Approaches (“behind
   the text”)

 • Literary Approaches
   (“in the text”)

 • Reader-Oriented
   Approaches
   (“in front of the text”)
[Perspectives]
    “Styles” of theorizing (i.e. theories) that
determine the models used through preference
 for certain theories and research objectives.
Perspectives
Perspectives
• Form Criticism
 ‣ M. Dibelius: constructive
   perspective; Sitz im Leben
   explains forms (“top
   down”)
 ‣ R. Bultmann: analytical
   perspective; forms explain
   Sitz im Leben (“bottom
   up”)
[Models]
The "tools" for transforming theories
      into research operations.
Models (Dibelius)
• Paradigms (παράδειγμα, ‘example’) - “short
  narratives”
• Tales - descriptions of Jesus’ miracles; picture Jesus
  as having divine nature
• Legends - stories portraying Jesus as a holy person
• Myths - describe the divine breaking into natural
  world
• Exhortations - sayings of Jesus directed toward
  everyday living
[Methods]
The actual applications or uses of
            a model.

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Paradigms, Perspectives, Models, and Methods

Editor's Notes

  1. \n
  2. \n
  3. This is because different lenses have different focal lengths (e.g. 35 mm or 50 mm). In this slide, img1 = 28 mm; img2=50 mm; img3=100 mm; img4=200 mm\n
  4. This is because different lenses have different focal lengths (e.g. 35 mm or 50 mm). In this slide, img1 = 28 mm; img2=50 mm; img3=100 mm; img4=200 mm\n
  5. This is because different lenses have different focal lengths (e.g. 35 mm or 50 mm). In this slide, img1 = 28 mm; img2=50 mm; img3=100 mm; img4=200 mm\n
  6. This is because different lenses have different focal lengths (e.g. 35 mm or 50 mm). In this slide, img1 = 28 mm; img2=50 mm; img3=100 mm; img4=200 mm\n
  7. This is because different lenses have different focal lengths (e.g. 35 mm or 50 mm). In this slide, img1 = 28 mm; img2=50 mm; img3=100 mm; img4=200 mm\n
  8. This is because different lenses have different focal lengths (e.g. 35 mm or 50 mm). In this slide, img1 = 28 mm; img2=50 mm; img3=100 mm; img4=200 mm\n
  9. \n
  10. \n
  11. Historical approaches: began as reaction to dogmatics/dogmatism; Semler: “The most important factor...is that one know the linguistic range of the Bible quite surely and exactly, and also distinguish the historical circumstances of a biblical discourse and be able to reconstruct them.”\n\nLiterary approaches: the basic presupposition of literary approaches is that the Bible, although authored by God, is a literary product/artifact and validity of varying readings of a text is adjudicated with reference to evidence provided in the text itself.\n\nReader-Oriented approaches: the basic presupposition of these approaches is that the meaning of a text derives, not from the text itself, but from the readers. Different readers/communities are situated in distinctive cultural settings and approach the text from diverse presuppositions and therefore “hear” or construe the same text(s) differently.\n
  12. Historical approaches: began as reaction to dogmatics/dogmatism; Semler: “The most important factor...is that one know the linguistic range of the Bible quite surely and exactly, and also distinguish the historical circumstances of a biblical discourse and be able to reconstruct them.”\n\nLiterary approaches: the basic presupposition of literary approaches is that the Bible, although authored by God, is a literary product/artifact and validity of varying readings of a text is adjudicated with reference to evidence provided in the text itself.\n\nReader-Oriented approaches: the basic presupposition of these approaches is that the meaning of a text derives, not from the text itself, but from the readers. Different readers/communities are situated in distinctive cultural settings and approach the text from diverse presuppositions and therefore “hear” or construe the same text(s) differently.\n
  13. Historical approaches: began as reaction to dogmatics/dogmatism; Semler: “The most important factor...is that one know the linguistic range of the Bible quite surely and exactly, and also distinguish the historical circumstances of a biblical discourse and be able to reconstruct them.”\n\nLiterary approaches: the basic presupposition of literary approaches is that the Bible, although authored by God, is a literary product/artifact and validity of varying readings of a text is adjudicated with reference to evidence provided in the text itself.\n\nReader-Oriented approaches: the basic presupposition of these approaches is that the meaning of a text derives, not from the text itself, but from the readers. Different readers/communities are situated in distinctive cultural settings and approach the text from diverse presuppositions and therefore “hear” or construe the same text(s) differently.\n
  14. Historical approaches: began as reaction to dogmatics/dogmatism; Semler: “The most important factor...is that one know the linguistic range of the Bible quite surely and exactly, and also distinguish the historical circumstances of a biblical discourse and be able to reconstruct them.”\n\nLiterary approaches: the basic presupposition of literary approaches is that the Bible, although authored by God, is a literary product/artifact and validity of varying readings of a text is adjudicated with reference to evidence provided in the text itself.\n\nReader-Oriented approaches: the basic presupposition of these approaches is that the meaning of a text derives, not from the text itself, but from the readers. Different readers/communities are situated in distinctive cultural settings and approach the text from diverse presuppositions and therefore “hear” or construe the same text(s) differently.\n
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