Pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas that can be acute or chronic. Acute pancreatitis is often caused by gallstones blocking the pancreatic duct or heavy alcohol use, while chronic pancreatitis results from repeated acute attacks or long-term alcohol abuse. Symptoms include abdominal pain radiating to the back, tender swollen abdomen, fever, nausea, and increased heart rate. Blood tests measuring amylase and lipase levels indicate pancreatitis. Treatment focuses on pain management, intravenous fluids, dietary changes like a low-fat diet, and potentially surgery to drain fluid or remove diseased tissue. Maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle through modifications can help manage and prevent pancreatitis.

1. PANCREATITIS
V.Nikhil
Pharm.D ,
Warangal. 16/26/2016

2. PANCREATITIS
2

3. DEFINITION
• Pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas,
the organ located deep within the abdomen, about
six inches long, and surrounded by stomach, liver,
small intestine and spleen.
• Pancreas play a vital role in digestive and
endocrine systems and aids in digestion of food. It
also regulates the production of insulin hormone,
which controls the level of sugar in the blood.
3

4. FUNCTIONS
4

5. 5

6. ETIOLOGY
• Acute Pancreatitis is often caused due to
gallstones that block the duct of pancreas,
while chronic pancreatitis is mostly due to
excess alcohol consumption.
• But, repeat cases of acute pancreatitis may
lead to chronic pancreatitis.
6

7. 7

8. CLINICAL FEATURES
• Some symptoms of acute pancreatitis are
upper abdominal pain that radiates into the
back, swollen and tender abdomen, fever,
nausea and vomiting, coupled by an increased
heart rate.
• When the disease gets chronic, weight loss is
also observed due to mal-absorption of food.
8

9. LAB TESTS
• Two blood tests that measure enzymes are
used to diagnose an attack of pancreatitis.
These tests are:
• Serum amylase. An increase of amylase in the
blood usually indicates pancreatitis.
• Serum lipase. Sudden (acute) pancreatitis
almost always raises the level of lipase in the
blood.
9

10. • Other blood tests may be done, such as:
• A complete blood count (CBC). The number of
white blood cells rises during an attack of
pancreatitis, sometimes dramatically.
• Liver function tests. Increases in liver enzymes,
particularly of alanine aminotransferase and
alkaline phosphatase, can be a sign of sudden
pancreatitis caused by gallstones.
• Bilirubin. The level of bilirubin in the blood may
increase if the common bile duct is blocked.
10

11. 11

12. TREATMENT
12

13. TREATMENT
13

14. 14

15. TREATMENT
• Gallbladder surgery – If gallstones caused the damage
doctor recommends surgery to remove gallbladder.
• Pancreas surgery – Surgery may be necessary to drain
fluid from pancreas or to remove diseased tissue.
• Fasting – You will stop eating for a couple of days in the
hospital in order to give pancreas a chance to recover.
Once the inflammation in pancreas is controlled may
begin drinking clear liquids and eating bland foods and
can go back to normal diet.
15

16. TREATMENT
• Pain medications – It can cause severe pain.
health care team will give medications to help
control the pain.
• Intravenous fluids – As body devotes energy
and fluids to repairing your pancreas may
become dehydrated. For this reason receive
extra fluids through a vein in arm during your
hospital stay.
16

17. ALL PATIENTS SHOULD BE
• Drinking plenty of liquids
• Eating a low-fat diet
• Eating small, frequent meals (this helps reduce
digestive symptoms)
• Getting enough vitamins and calcium in the
diet, or as extra supplements
• Limiting caffeine
17

18. 18

19. DIET AND LIFESTYLE
• One of the most important ways to tackle this
condition and maintain proper functioning of
pancreas are modification of diet and lifestyle.
Include foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids,
veggies, nuts, cereals, beans, and fruit, which
help protect against diseases and disorders of
pancreas.
19

20. • In general foods having a pungent and sour
taste are to be avoided, apart from avoiding
refrigerated foods like ice cream, refined sugar
and wheat flour, fried food, fast food, raw
onion, garlic, hot spicy food, etc.
20

21. • As for lifestyle modifications, specific yoga
poses (particularly Vajrasana), practiced under
expert guidance may be helpful. Daytime
sleeping has to be avoided. Dinner should be
kept very light, and preferably stick to soups.
• Finally, it goes without saying that alcohol and
smoking has to be avoided at any cost.
21

22. 22

23. 23

24. 24