The document discusses language as a tool for communication and curriculum. It defines curriculum as the prescribed course of study including all experiences utilized by a school to achieve educational aims. Language is characterized as a tool that serves specific functions like communicating, questioning, and expressing emotions. It is a symbolic system used primarily for oral and written communication as well as body language. The document also covers the nature, importance, and skills of language including listening, speaking, reading, and writing. It discusses the need to acquire English for uses such as a common language, international link, education, employment, and more.
This document discusses strategies for teaching English language learners (ELLs). It notes that ELLs often develop decoding skills equivalent to native English speakers but lag behind in reading comprehension. Several literacy skills important for ELLs are identified, including vocabulary development and reading comprehension strategies. The document provides recommendations for teaching ELLs such as integrating content, literacy and language; scaffolding based on English proficiency; and explicitly teaching academic vocabulary. It emphasizes the importance of interaction, native language support, and knowing students' cultural and linguistic backgrounds.
The document discusses the importance of early reading skills like phonemic awareness. Phonemic awareness involves understanding that spoken words are made up of individual sounds. It is an important precursor to learning letters and reading. Effective phonemic awareness instruction should involve modeling sounds, using games to blend and segment sounds, and progressing from larger to smaller linguistic units. Assessments like DIBELS can track students' phonemic awareness skills and progress. Interventions should explicitly teach sounds at the phoneme level and integrate phonological awareness with letter knowledge.
This document discusses three teaching methods for language acquisition: part-to-whole, whole-to-part, and balanced. The part-to-whole method teaches the smallest language units first and builds up to more complex concepts. Whole-to-part starts with full texts and breaks them down. The balanced method focuses on both language parts for accuracy and whole texts for meaning. It helps learners build competence and confidence in skills like listening, speaking, reading and writing in a meaningful and accurate way. Key terms discussed are accuracy, meaning, and the work of Susan E. Malone on mother tongue education.
First and Second Language acquisition by Carlos Cabezascabezasguerrero93
In these slides you can find information about first and second language acquisition, as well as the theories about the origin of language and how a child and a adult acquires it.
This document discusses concepts related to bridging between languages and multilingual education. It defines key terms like mother tongue, second language, early-exit and late-exit transition programs. The document also summarizes research that shows the benefits of mother tongue-based multilingual education (MTBMLE), which includes students developing stronger academic skills when initially taught in their first language before transitioning to additional languages. MTBMLE programs support students' language development, academic achievement, and socio-cultural growth.
This document provides an overview and summary of key topics from the book "Essential Linguistics" by David Freeman and Yvonne Freeman. It discusses why linguistic knowledge is important for teachers, concepts like what it means to know a word, theories of first and second language acquisition, phonology and teaching phonemic awareness, and the history and issues with teaching phonics. It also notes resources used in the book.
Teaching and learning foreign languages in different contexts ptteoi.soraya
The document compares learning foreign languages in Florida, USA and Logroño, Spain. It notes that foreign language education in Florida is not compulsory, with students required to take at least two years to enter college/university. In contrast, foreign language education in Logroño is compulsory from primary levels through college/university, with students required to take English and allowed to optionally take a second foreign language. The document also provides tips for learning English and reasons for studying foreign languages at the E.O.I. in Logroño, emphasizing learning through use of the target language and developing student responsibility over the learning process.
The document discusses language as a tool for communication and curriculum. It defines curriculum as the prescribed course of study including all experiences utilized by a school to achieve educational aims. Language is characterized as a tool that serves specific functions like communicating, questioning, and expressing emotions. It is a symbolic system used primarily for oral and written communication as well as body language. The document also covers the nature, importance, and skills of language including listening, speaking, reading, and writing. It discusses the need to acquire English for uses such as a common language, international link, education, employment, and more.
This document discusses strategies for teaching English language learners (ELLs). It notes that ELLs often develop decoding skills equivalent to native English speakers but lag behind in reading comprehension. Several literacy skills important for ELLs are identified, including vocabulary development and reading comprehension strategies. The document provides recommendations for teaching ELLs such as integrating content, literacy and language; scaffolding based on English proficiency; and explicitly teaching academic vocabulary. It emphasizes the importance of interaction, native language support, and knowing students' cultural and linguistic backgrounds.
The document discusses the importance of early reading skills like phonemic awareness. Phonemic awareness involves understanding that spoken words are made up of individual sounds. It is an important precursor to learning letters and reading. Effective phonemic awareness instruction should involve modeling sounds, using games to blend and segment sounds, and progressing from larger to smaller linguistic units. Assessments like DIBELS can track students' phonemic awareness skills and progress. Interventions should explicitly teach sounds at the phoneme level and integrate phonological awareness with letter knowledge.
This document discusses three teaching methods for language acquisition: part-to-whole, whole-to-part, and balanced. The part-to-whole method teaches the smallest language units first and builds up to more complex concepts. Whole-to-part starts with full texts and breaks them down. The balanced method focuses on both language parts for accuracy and whole texts for meaning. It helps learners build competence and confidence in skills like listening, speaking, reading and writing in a meaningful and accurate way. Key terms discussed are accuracy, meaning, and the work of Susan E. Malone on mother tongue education.
First and Second Language acquisition by Carlos Cabezascabezasguerrero93
In these slides you can find information about first and second language acquisition, as well as the theories about the origin of language and how a child and a adult acquires it.
This document discusses concepts related to bridging between languages and multilingual education. It defines key terms like mother tongue, second language, early-exit and late-exit transition programs. The document also summarizes research that shows the benefits of mother tongue-based multilingual education (MTBMLE), which includes students developing stronger academic skills when initially taught in their first language before transitioning to additional languages. MTBMLE programs support students' language development, academic achievement, and socio-cultural growth.
This document provides an overview and summary of key topics from the book "Essential Linguistics" by David Freeman and Yvonne Freeman. It discusses why linguistic knowledge is important for teachers, concepts like what it means to know a word, theories of first and second language acquisition, phonology and teaching phonemic awareness, and the history and issues with teaching phonics. It also notes resources used in the book.
Teaching and learning foreign languages in different contexts ptteoi.soraya
The document compares learning foreign languages in Florida, USA and Logroño, Spain. It notes that foreign language education in Florida is not compulsory, with students required to take at least two years to enter college/university. In contrast, foreign language education in Logroño is compulsory from primary levels through college/university, with students required to take English and allowed to optionally take a second foreign language. The document also provides tips for learning English and reasons for studying foreign languages at the E.O.I. in Logroño, emphasizing learning through use of the target language and developing student responsibility over the learning process.
The document discusses various methods for teaching English as a second or foreign language. It defines key terms like second language, foreign language, and discusses England's position in India. It also covers different teaching methods like grammar translation, direct method, and communicative language teaching (CLT). CLT focuses on meaningful communication over grammatical rules and aims to develop students' communicative competence. The document provides examples of classroom activities and procedures used in a CLT approach, including information gap exercises, role plays, and accuracy vs fluency practice.
What is the role played by the Native Language in SLAHitesh Galthariya
The native language plays an important role in second language acquisition (SLA). SLA is the process by which people learn a second language and draws from various disciplines like psychology, education, and cognitive psychology. SLA occurs in stages, starting with a pre-production stage where learners receive vocabulary but do not speak. Later stages include production of short phrases, emergence of speech using simple structures, and intermediate fluency with more complex sentences and vocabulary. Ultimately, fluency comparable to native speakers can be achieved after 5-10 years of learning. Theories of SLA posit that second language acquisition mirrors first language acquisition and is influenced by the native language.
This document provides an overview of key components of balanced literacy instruction including getting to know learners, selecting appropriate texts, essential elements of reading instruction, assessments, and creating a literacy-rich environment. It recommends learning about student interests, motivation, and backgrounds to best teach students. When selecting texts, factors like readability, vocabulary, and concept density should be considered. The essential elements include phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension. Assessment and observation of students' reading, speaking, and achievement of standards informs guided reading and differentiated instruction. A print-rich classroom with modeling, free writing, and student work fosters literacy development.
This document provides an overview and summary of key topics from the book "Essential Linguistics" by David Freeman and Yvonne Freeman. It discusses why linguistic knowledge is important for teachers according to Halliday and the Freemans. It also summarizes perspectives on first and second language acquisition, and covers topics in phonology, morphology, syntax, and concludes with resources.
MOTHER TONGUE INFLUENCE ON ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING SRJIS
Language is a method of communicating ideas, emotions and desires by means of a system of arbitrarily produced symbols for physiological as well as psychological survival. In a multilingual Indian Society, where English acts as a second language, our aim of teaching English is not to develop British or American accent but to help the learners to overcome regional accents, wrong pronunciation and gradually train them in proper articulation. The aim of this article is to discuss the mother tongue influence in the process of English Language learning and how a teacher can help to overcome some of the problem encountered by an Indian learner of English as well as to improve his/her communicative competence.
FIRST LANGUAGE ACQUISITION AND SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITIONzana mohd
The document discusses first and second language acquisition. It defines first language acquisition as the process of learning one's native language from birth. Key stages include cooing, babbling, one-word, two-word, and telegraphic speech. Caregiver speech assists infants through techniques like exaggerated intonation. Second language acquisition refers to learning additional languages and can be more difficult for adults due to critical period effects. Motivation, input/output, and teaching methods like task-based learning impact the process.
Shirley Brice Heath conducted an ethnographic study of two communities, Roadville and Trackton, located near textile mills in the Carolinas. Roadville was a white working-class community while Trackton was black. Heath observed differences in the language socialization of children in these communities and how it affected their preparation for school and work. The study aimed to understand how preschool environments influence the language skills needed for classrooms and jobs. It remains influential for illuminating the relationship between language, culture, and education.
The guidance below was established by ENROPE participants at the beginning of the first Intensive Study Week in Berlin (21-27 June 2019). After establishing that the participants between them could use 39 languages and varieties, they discussed and developed ideas how they would like to use languages during the week.
Affective cognitive and linguistic needs of lep studentshzengin
This document discusses strategies for meeting the affective, cognitive, and linguistic needs of English language learners (ELLs). It recommends using clear content and language objectives, graphic organizers, hands-on materials, cooperative learning, academic language instruction, and visual aids. The document also emphasizes building background knowledge, incorporating technology, and creating a welcoming classroom environment to support ELL affective needs. Effective strategies include focusing on message over grammar and allowing use of native language between students.
1. The document discusses multilingualism, its advantages and disadvantages, and how it can be used as a resource in the classroom.
2. Some key advantages of multilingualism include personal, social, cognitive, and economic benefits. However, disadvantages can include issues with pronunciation, syntax, and the development of "pidgin" languages.
3. The document recommends using students' multiple languages as a classroom resource to increase participation, confidence, and understanding that all languages are equally valid. This approach supports learning English while valuing linguistic diversity.
Interference Between First and Second Languages pp presMarcela Israelsky
The document discusses language interference between a first and second language. It can occur any time someone has an imperfect command of a second language, as differences between the languages cause more interference. Adults systematically try to form rules from both languages when learning a second one, but interference from the first language is not the only factor. Adults and children both have the capacity to acquire a second language at any age. The document also examines implications for second language learning from first language acquisition research, including the importance of meaningful practice and input in appropriate contexts.
This document provides an agenda and discussion points for a workshop on language development and acquisition. The agenda includes reviewing course content, conducting peer reviews of oral language and reading/writing analyses, an overview of case study requirements, and feedback on the course. Discussion points focus on teachers as observers of language, language variation, stages of typical second language acquisition, analyzing a learner's oral language skills using linguistic tools, and analyzing a learner's reading development using concepts of phonology, semantics, syntax and pragmatics. The document provides guidance for peer reviewing analyses and developing findings and conclusions.
Phonemic Awareness and Phonics by Lindsay DunnLindsay Dunn
This document provides an overview of phonemic awareness and phonics instruction for junior literacy educators. It defines phonemic awareness as the ability to identify and manipulate sounds in spoken language, which is a predictor of reading success. Phonics instruction builds on phonemic awareness by teaching letter-sound relationships to help students decode words. The document recommends explicit and systematic teaching of phonics concepts and rules. Mini-lessons and classroom activities can help develop students' phonemic awareness skills. References are provided for further reading on effective phonemic awareness and phonics instruction practices.
The document discusses the advantages and disadvantages of using the European Language Portfolio (ELP) for language learning. The key advantages are that the ELP allows students to take ownership of their learning process by planning, monitoring, and evaluating their own progress. It also helps develop language and intercultural skills and facilitates mobility. For teachers, the ELP makes the learning process more transparent and fosters learner autonomy through self-assessment. Potential disadvantages include needing training for teachers and students to use it correctly, and it not being suitable for all levels so requiring adaptation.
The influence of the mother language on second language vocabulary acquisitio...FreeSoul2014
The document discusses how a learner's mother tongue can influence vocabulary acquisition and use in a second language. It addresses (1) how languages differ in how they parcel meanings into words, (2) how a learner's native language training can interfere with or support learning a new language, and (3) how language and cultural distance between languages affects transfer of vocabulary and difficulty of learning. The document also notes that second language learners need extensive exposure to accurately determine a new word's range of reference.
The document discusses theories of learner language and second language acquisition. It notes that learner errors were initially seen as imperfect versions of the target language, but contrastive analysis found errors also result from negative language transfer. Research now views learner language as its own systematic, dynamic interlanguage that develops through stages. The document also discusses the importance of vocabulary acquisition and understanding language in context. It suggests that relatively little research has been done on differences between perception and production.
This document provides information about language and its functions from a presentation given by Aditi Bhushan. It discusses language as a medium for social participation and problem solving. It also outlines the four fundamentals of language as listening, reading, speaking and writing. The document then describes the components of language development, including phonology, semantics, grammar and pragmatics. Finally, it lists several key characteristics of language such as it being a means of communication, arbitrary, a system of symbols, always changing, learnt, follows conventions and evolves, made up of habits, based on common cultural experience, and unique.
The document discusses various topics related to second language acquisition (SLA), including whether the first language causes interference, the role of the first language in the classroom, similarities and differences between first and second language acquisition, the role of imitation and repetition, the effectiveness of drills and correction, the role of rules, the impact of teaching, differences in difficulty between languages, factors that make structures easy or difficult to acquire, the role of motivation, the impact of age, and appropriate methods for different proficiency levels. The best approach to language teaching is one that provides plenty of meaningful input and interaction, without relying solely on rules or drills. Teaching should be guided by an understanding of the natural processes of SLA.
The document discusses cognitive development in early childhood from ages 2 to 6. It covers Piaget and Vygotsky's theories on children's cognitive development, including Piaget's stages of preoperational thinking and obstacles to logical operations. Vygotsky's theory emphasized social learning and the zone of proximal development. The document also discusses language development milestones in early childhood and theories on children's understanding of beliefs versus reality.
This document discusses second language acquisition. It begins by defining second language acquisition as the process of learning additional languages after one's native language. It notes SLA is related to cognitive psychology and education. The document then differentiates between first and second languages. It discusses various approaches to studying SLA, including contrastive analysis and product-oriented versus process-oriented research. Grammatical differences between the first and second languages are also examined. The document concludes by linking SLA research to practical implications for language teaching pedagogy and methodology.
The document provides instructions for a classroom activity where students will learn about different types of dinosaurs by being assigned a dinosaur egg to research. Working with a partner, students will print out fact sheets about their dinosaur, answer questions to complete a worksheet, draw a picture of their dinosaur, and present what they learned to the class. The activity aims to teach students about dinosaurs before their "eggs hatch" and to foster cooperative learning.
The document discusses various methods for teaching English as a second or foreign language. It defines key terms like second language, foreign language, and discusses England's position in India. It also covers different teaching methods like grammar translation, direct method, and communicative language teaching (CLT). CLT focuses on meaningful communication over grammatical rules and aims to develop students' communicative competence. The document provides examples of classroom activities and procedures used in a CLT approach, including information gap exercises, role plays, and accuracy vs fluency practice.
What is the role played by the Native Language in SLAHitesh Galthariya
The native language plays an important role in second language acquisition (SLA). SLA is the process by which people learn a second language and draws from various disciplines like psychology, education, and cognitive psychology. SLA occurs in stages, starting with a pre-production stage where learners receive vocabulary but do not speak. Later stages include production of short phrases, emergence of speech using simple structures, and intermediate fluency with more complex sentences and vocabulary. Ultimately, fluency comparable to native speakers can be achieved after 5-10 years of learning. Theories of SLA posit that second language acquisition mirrors first language acquisition and is influenced by the native language.
This document provides an overview of key components of balanced literacy instruction including getting to know learners, selecting appropriate texts, essential elements of reading instruction, assessments, and creating a literacy-rich environment. It recommends learning about student interests, motivation, and backgrounds to best teach students. When selecting texts, factors like readability, vocabulary, and concept density should be considered. The essential elements include phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension. Assessment and observation of students' reading, speaking, and achievement of standards informs guided reading and differentiated instruction. A print-rich classroom with modeling, free writing, and student work fosters literacy development.
This document provides an overview and summary of key topics from the book "Essential Linguistics" by David Freeman and Yvonne Freeman. It discusses why linguistic knowledge is important for teachers according to Halliday and the Freemans. It also summarizes perspectives on first and second language acquisition, and covers topics in phonology, morphology, syntax, and concludes with resources.
MOTHER TONGUE INFLUENCE ON ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING SRJIS
Language is a method of communicating ideas, emotions and desires by means of a system of arbitrarily produced symbols for physiological as well as psychological survival. In a multilingual Indian Society, where English acts as a second language, our aim of teaching English is not to develop British or American accent but to help the learners to overcome regional accents, wrong pronunciation and gradually train them in proper articulation. The aim of this article is to discuss the mother tongue influence in the process of English Language learning and how a teacher can help to overcome some of the problem encountered by an Indian learner of English as well as to improve his/her communicative competence.
FIRST LANGUAGE ACQUISITION AND SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITIONzana mohd
The document discusses first and second language acquisition. It defines first language acquisition as the process of learning one's native language from birth. Key stages include cooing, babbling, one-word, two-word, and telegraphic speech. Caregiver speech assists infants through techniques like exaggerated intonation. Second language acquisition refers to learning additional languages and can be more difficult for adults due to critical period effects. Motivation, input/output, and teaching methods like task-based learning impact the process.
Shirley Brice Heath conducted an ethnographic study of two communities, Roadville and Trackton, located near textile mills in the Carolinas. Roadville was a white working-class community while Trackton was black. Heath observed differences in the language socialization of children in these communities and how it affected their preparation for school and work. The study aimed to understand how preschool environments influence the language skills needed for classrooms and jobs. It remains influential for illuminating the relationship between language, culture, and education.
The guidance below was established by ENROPE participants at the beginning of the first Intensive Study Week in Berlin (21-27 June 2019). After establishing that the participants between them could use 39 languages and varieties, they discussed and developed ideas how they would like to use languages during the week.
Affective cognitive and linguistic needs of lep studentshzengin
This document discusses strategies for meeting the affective, cognitive, and linguistic needs of English language learners (ELLs). It recommends using clear content and language objectives, graphic organizers, hands-on materials, cooperative learning, academic language instruction, and visual aids. The document also emphasizes building background knowledge, incorporating technology, and creating a welcoming classroom environment to support ELL affective needs. Effective strategies include focusing on message over grammar and allowing use of native language between students.
1. The document discusses multilingualism, its advantages and disadvantages, and how it can be used as a resource in the classroom.
2. Some key advantages of multilingualism include personal, social, cognitive, and economic benefits. However, disadvantages can include issues with pronunciation, syntax, and the development of "pidgin" languages.
3. The document recommends using students' multiple languages as a classroom resource to increase participation, confidence, and understanding that all languages are equally valid. This approach supports learning English while valuing linguistic diversity.
Interference Between First and Second Languages pp presMarcela Israelsky
The document discusses language interference between a first and second language. It can occur any time someone has an imperfect command of a second language, as differences between the languages cause more interference. Adults systematically try to form rules from both languages when learning a second one, but interference from the first language is not the only factor. Adults and children both have the capacity to acquire a second language at any age. The document also examines implications for second language learning from first language acquisition research, including the importance of meaningful practice and input in appropriate contexts.
This document provides an agenda and discussion points for a workshop on language development and acquisition. The agenda includes reviewing course content, conducting peer reviews of oral language and reading/writing analyses, an overview of case study requirements, and feedback on the course. Discussion points focus on teachers as observers of language, language variation, stages of typical second language acquisition, analyzing a learner's oral language skills using linguistic tools, and analyzing a learner's reading development using concepts of phonology, semantics, syntax and pragmatics. The document provides guidance for peer reviewing analyses and developing findings and conclusions.
Phonemic Awareness and Phonics by Lindsay DunnLindsay Dunn
This document provides an overview of phonemic awareness and phonics instruction for junior literacy educators. It defines phonemic awareness as the ability to identify and manipulate sounds in spoken language, which is a predictor of reading success. Phonics instruction builds on phonemic awareness by teaching letter-sound relationships to help students decode words. The document recommends explicit and systematic teaching of phonics concepts and rules. Mini-lessons and classroom activities can help develop students' phonemic awareness skills. References are provided for further reading on effective phonemic awareness and phonics instruction practices.
The document discusses the advantages and disadvantages of using the European Language Portfolio (ELP) for language learning. The key advantages are that the ELP allows students to take ownership of their learning process by planning, monitoring, and evaluating their own progress. It also helps develop language and intercultural skills and facilitates mobility. For teachers, the ELP makes the learning process more transparent and fosters learner autonomy through self-assessment. Potential disadvantages include needing training for teachers and students to use it correctly, and it not being suitable for all levels so requiring adaptation.
The influence of the mother language on second language vocabulary acquisitio...FreeSoul2014
The document discusses how a learner's mother tongue can influence vocabulary acquisition and use in a second language. It addresses (1) how languages differ in how they parcel meanings into words, (2) how a learner's native language training can interfere with or support learning a new language, and (3) how language and cultural distance between languages affects transfer of vocabulary and difficulty of learning. The document also notes that second language learners need extensive exposure to accurately determine a new word's range of reference.
The document discusses theories of learner language and second language acquisition. It notes that learner errors were initially seen as imperfect versions of the target language, but contrastive analysis found errors also result from negative language transfer. Research now views learner language as its own systematic, dynamic interlanguage that develops through stages. The document also discusses the importance of vocabulary acquisition and understanding language in context. It suggests that relatively little research has been done on differences between perception and production.
This document provides information about language and its functions from a presentation given by Aditi Bhushan. It discusses language as a medium for social participation and problem solving. It also outlines the four fundamentals of language as listening, reading, speaking and writing. The document then describes the components of language development, including phonology, semantics, grammar and pragmatics. Finally, it lists several key characteristics of language such as it being a means of communication, arbitrary, a system of symbols, always changing, learnt, follows conventions and evolves, made up of habits, based on common cultural experience, and unique.
The document discusses various topics related to second language acquisition (SLA), including whether the first language causes interference, the role of the first language in the classroom, similarities and differences between first and second language acquisition, the role of imitation and repetition, the effectiveness of drills and correction, the role of rules, the impact of teaching, differences in difficulty between languages, factors that make structures easy or difficult to acquire, the role of motivation, the impact of age, and appropriate methods for different proficiency levels. The best approach to language teaching is one that provides plenty of meaningful input and interaction, without relying solely on rules or drills. Teaching should be guided by an understanding of the natural processes of SLA.
The document discusses cognitive development in early childhood from ages 2 to 6. It covers Piaget and Vygotsky's theories on children's cognitive development, including Piaget's stages of preoperational thinking and obstacles to logical operations. Vygotsky's theory emphasized social learning and the zone of proximal development. The document also discusses language development milestones in early childhood and theories on children's understanding of beliefs versus reality.
This document discusses second language acquisition. It begins by defining second language acquisition as the process of learning additional languages after one's native language. It notes SLA is related to cognitive psychology and education. The document then differentiates between first and second languages. It discusses various approaches to studying SLA, including contrastive analysis and product-oriented versus process-oriented research. Grammatical differences between the first and second languages are also examined. The document concludes by linking SLA research to practical implications for language teaching pedagogy and methodology.
The document provides instructions for a classroom activity where students will learn about different types of dinosaurs by being assigned a dinosaur egg to research. Working with a partner, students will print out fact sheets about their dinosaur, answer questions to complete a worksheet, draw a picture of their dinosaur, and present what they learned to the class. The activity aims to teach students about dinosaurs before their "eggs hatch" and to foster cooperative learning.
This document encourages students to carefully handle books from the library by comparing books to babies. It says books are helpless like babies and need to be kept safe, clean, dry and protected from pets. It reminds students that when they check out books, they are responsible for keeping the books safe and not leaving them unattended where they could get lost or damaged.
The document introduces the Dewey Decimal System, which was invented by Melvil Dewey to organize the subjects in a library. It explains that nonfiction call numbers contain the Dewey numbers corresponding to the subject, followed by the first three letters of the author's last name. It provides examples of the 10 main subject categories in the Dewey system and the numbers assigned to each one, such as 100s for Philosophy, 200s for Religion, and 900s for History/Geography.
Melvil Dewey created the Dewey Decimal Classification system in 1876 when he was 21 years old to bring order to the massive amount of world knowledge. The system divides all knowledge into 10 main categories represented by 3-digit numbers. These numbers can be found on the spine label of library books and are used to easily shelve books by subject. The 10 main classifications are Generalities, Philosophy, Religion, Social Science, Language, Natural Science & Math, Technology, The Arts, Literature, and Geography & History.
Parts of a book power point for studentsmillieburch
This document defines and describes the key parts of a book, including the title, author, illustrator, cover, call number, spine, title page, table of contents, glossary, index page, headings, and diagrams. It provides details on what information each part contains and its purpose within the book.
This document outlines the goals and content of an English language course for students at the B2 level. The course aims to improve students' formal communication skills in English and develop autonomous learning strategies. Key course elements include developing oral and written proficiency, expanding vocabulary, and understanding grammar and pronunciation. Topics of study include daily life, health, the environment, education, work, leisure activities, and social issues. The methodology emphasizes an integrated approach and social interaction. Students will be evaluated based on classwork, tests, and portfolio assignments.
- Teaching English to young learners has become popular globally due to factors like globalization, economic benefits, and beliefs that younger children learn languages more easily.
- There are important considerations for introducing early foreign language learning programs, including ensuring teachers have appropriate training, sufficient time and resources are provided, and continuity between primary and secondary education.
- When teaching English to young learners, the goals include psychological, linguistic, and cultural preparation - such as developing language awareness, basic communication skills, and intercultural understanding.
This document provides an overview of topics related to teaching English as a foreign language (EFL) methodology. It discusses the place of English, varieties of English, describing learners, teachers, learning contexts, and managing mixed-ability classrooms. On varieties of English, it notes the differences in pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar across varieties like British English and American English. When describing learners, it outlines factors like aptitude, learning styles and strategies, individual variations, and motivation. The document emphasizes the importance of considering learners' levels, goals, and individual differences when teaching.
English has become a global lingua franca used for international communication. It spread through colonialism, economics, travel, information exchange, and popular culture. Like other languages, English exists in many varieties defined by regions such as British English, American English, and Australian English. When teaching English, teachers must consider which variety to teach and expose students to different varieties at appropriate levels. Effective English language teaching requires understanding methodology, learner differences and styles, levels, motivation, the teacher's role, and learning contexts.
Hatice Asvaroglu: Intercultural communicative competence: are language teache...eaquals
The document summarizes a study on the intercultural communicative competence of English as a foreign language teachers. It finds that most teachers had only a basic level of intercultural competence according to the European Profiling Grid benchmarks. While teachers understood the role of culture in language teaching, none identified developing intercultural competence as a goal of English instruction. Most activities focused on cultural awareness rather than analyzing stereotypes or cultural differences. The study concludes teacher training should better prepare instructors to develop learners' intercultural communicative abilities.
The multilingual turn in languages education: A critical movement in education RMBorders
Presentation by Gabriela Meier at the Education and Migration: Language Foregrounded conference at Durham University 21-23 October 2016, part of the AHRC funded Researching Multilingually at the Borders of Language, the Body, Law and the State project.
Presentation About Materials Development in ELTPrincess Lover
ELT must at all times stimulate interaction as well as to be able to meet the practical needs of teachers and learners matching the realities of publishing materials.
PYP Language Workshop for Parents (January 2013)bisedu
This document provides information about a workshop for parents on language in the PYP. It includes an introduction with an activity to identify important jobs that require strong language skills. It then discusses views on language and has an activity for participants to share what they know and questions they have about the topic. The workshop aims and agenda are presented, covering beliefs about language learning, teaching strategies, how language is broken down in the curriculum, and the importance of mother tongue development. Activities during the workshop involve analyzing images, identifying language strands in the PYP, and learning about conceptual understandings and language acquisition.
This document discusses a new framework for planning intensive English camps. It begins by introducing the presenters and outlining the topics to be covered, which include discussing the purpose of camps, considerations for planning camps, and activities that can be used. It then contrasts the old framework of camps focusing on social language use with disconnected activities to the new framework of carefully planned thematic activities to support language construction and content learning. Specific recommendations are provided for choosing a theme, activities, staffing, and evaluating the camp. Sample activities exploring the jungle theme are described.
This document discusses CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) and provides examples of how it can be implemented in a primary school classroom. It begins by outlining the five dimensions of CLIL - cultural, environmental, language, content, and learning. It then provides more details about each dimension. It explains that CLIL allows for natural language development by exposing children to the target language in real-life contexts. When designing a CLIL lesson, the document stresses the importance of clear aims, appropriate content, relevant language skills, and engaging procedures like group work and poster design. The lesson example provided focuses on teaching children about the environment and pollution through English.
This document discusses CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) and provides examples of how it can be implemented in a primary school classroom. It begins by outlining the five dimensions of CLIL - cultural, environmental, language, content, and learning. It then provides more details about each dimension. It explains that CLIL allows for natural language development by exposing children to the target language in real-life contexts. When implementing a CLIL lesson, the document suggests teaching about the environment and pollution, having students name human actions that affect the environment and give advice about reducing pollution, then having them create posters about these topics to share what they learned.
This training aims to prepare French teachers for teaching assignments in French Polynesia. Over two days, sessions will focus on introducing Tahitian culture and language, discussing differences from mainland French culture, and providing tips for successful integration. Guest speakers who taught in Tahiti will share their experiences. Activities include cultural comparisons, analyzing teaching expectations, and games to learn common Tahitian words. The goal is for teachers to gain intercultural skills and awareness to communicate effectively in their new environment.
This document discusses a study on the impact of cultural diversity in student teams on the learning process in student-centered learning. The study examined three programs at Maastricht University and found that cultural diversity can both positively and negatively impact the learning process. Diversity can benefit learning by exposing students to different perspectives and experiences, but can also make information exchange more complicated due to differences in language, communication styles, and backgrounds. Both students and teachers may have unconscious biases or generalizations about other cultures that could influence interactions. The document recommends developing policies to create diverse teams, raising awareness of cultural differences, and ensuring strong English language skills.
This teaching unit focuses on gamification and was designed for intermediate English language learners. It uses games and interactive activities to motivate students and provide opportunities for communication. The four sessions and tutorial aim to improve students' oral and written skills through vocabulary exercises, grammar practice, and group work centered around topics like the natural world, immigration, and cities. Student progress will be assessed through in-class games, participation, and rubrics evaluating general competencies, oral performance, and interest in learning. The goal is for students to develop proficiency and autonomy in English communication.
Conversation exchanges between students who are learning each other’s native language help students gain authentic skills in the target language, and provide invaluable linguistic and intercultural learning. This presentation examines best practices for establishing and growing a successful conversation exchange program at an academic institution.
This document discusses assessing language learners' needs. It involves systematically gathering information about learners' needs and preferences through various methods like questionnaires, interviews, and discussions. This information is then interpreted and used to make decisions about course content and methodology to best meet learners' needs and help them achieve their goals. Key areas of information include learners' current language abilities, learning preferences, desired goals, and factors like their age, background, and learning styles.
Understanding and Teaching Gender-Inclusive Language in Spanish CourseSpeaking Latino
Dr. Jenny Santilli shares insights on the evolution of gender-inclusive language in the classroom in this training for Spanish teachers.
For more information about this course and Tool Kit, visit: https://www.speakinglatino.com/inclusive-language/
Understanding and Teaching Gender-Inclusive Language in Spanish Course Objectives:
Help you understand what gender-inclusive language is, why it exists and decide if you will teach it to your Spanish students.
Explore who uses gender-inclusive language throughout the world.
Discuss why it is important to teach and model.
Review how you may approach teaching gender-inclusive language with your students, parents and administrators.
Provide resources and materials to support you teaching gender-inclusive language.
Share information for further reading about gender-inclusive language in the real world.
Learning a foreign language aids brain development by engaging both sides of the brain and supporting cognitive development, especially when learned early in life. A study of 67 sixth-graders learning French found that those who studied the language longest performed best on cognitive tasks. Teaching foreign languages fosters cultural competence by helping students understand and communicate with diverse cultures, which is important for reducing issues like misunderstandings due to differing cultural beliefs and communication styles. Being proficient in another language also provides professional advantages and prepares students for an increasingly global workforce and multicultural society.
The document provides guidelines for inclusive language usage in Ecuadorian educational documents. It states that one of the Ministry of Education's objectives is to promote gender equity in society and education. To achieve this, it recommends using gender-neutral terms like "people" instead of "men" and "teachers" instead of "professors." When neutral terms do not exist, the masculine form should be used generically to refer to both sexes. This practice follows the Real Academia Española's recommendation and is meant to avoid overly wordy expressions while still recognizing both sexes. It is signed by the President and Education Minister of Ecuador.
Physiology and chemistry of skin and pigmentation, hairs, scalp, lips and nail, Cleansing cream, Lotions, Face powders, Face packs, Lipsticks, Bath products, soaps and baby product,
Preparation and standardization of the following : Tonic, Bleaches, Dentifrices and Mouth washes & Tooth Pastes, Cosmetics for Nails.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
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How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.