The document discusses various properties of waves including: 1. Progressive waves carry energy from one place to another without transferring matter. Transverse waves have particle disturbance perpendicular to the direction of travel, like water waves. 2. A wavefront is a line where the disturbance is in the same phase, like wave crests. Reflection and refraction occur when waves pass from one medium to another, changing speed and direction. 3. Diffraction is the spreading of waves at obstacles. Wave theory can explain reflection, refraction, and the difference between transverse and longitudinal waves where particles vibrate along or perpendicular to the direction of travel.

1. P7 Waves
General properties

3. Progressive wave
This is a wave that carries energy from one
place to another place without transferring
matter

4. Transverse waves
http://www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/feschools/waves/wavetypes.htm
Mexican wave / slinky / particles
http://www.science-animations.com/support-files/slinkyc.swf
Spring
http://www.upscale.utoronto.ca/GeneralInterest/Harrison/Flash/ClassMechanics/Trav
elWaves/TravelWaves.html
Travelling wave

5. In a transverse wave, the direction of
the disturbance
is at right angles to the direction of
travel of the wave.

6. Water waves are transverse waves

7. Displacement-distance graphs

8. The wave equation:
The frequency f is the number of complete
waves generated per second.

9. Example:

10. A wavefront is a line on which the disturbance has the same
phase at all points; the crests of waves can be thought of as
wavefronts.

11. Reflection

13. Refraction
http://faraday.physics.utoronto.ca/PVB/Harrison/Flash/Waves/TwoMediums/TwoMed
iums.html depth effect on speed and on wavelength
http://faraday.physics.utoronto.ca/PVB/Harrison/Flash/Waves/Refraction/Refractio
n.html change in speed effect on direction

14. Waves travel more slowly in shallow water.

16. The spreading of waves at the
edges of obstacles is called: Diffraction
http://www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/feschools/waves/diffract3.htm

17. Wave theory

18. Explaining reflection

19. Explaining refraction

20. Transverse vs Longitudinal Waves
In a progressive longitudinal wave the particles of
the transmitting medium vibrate to and fro along the
same line as that in which the wave is travelling and
not at right angles to it as in a transverse wave.