OXYGEN GENERATION TECHNIQUES

1. OXYGEN GENERATION
TECHNIQUES
veltech university
BY
P.BHARATH KUMAR REDDY
VTU6528

2. OVERVIEW
• MARKET FOR O2
• O2 GENERATION METHODS
• CRYOGENIC METHOD
• PRESSURE SWING ABSORPTION METHOD
• MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY

3. Market for 99% Oxygen
• Oxygen is the third most widely used chemical in the world
• Annual worldwide market of over $9 Billions

4. PROPERTIES OF OXYGEN
MELTING POINT : −218.79 °C
BOILING POINT : −182.962 °C
DENSITY : 1.429 g/L

5. NATURAL METHOD
PHOTOSYNTHESIS :
carbon dioxide + water + sunlight → glucose + dioxygen

6. Oxygen Generation Methods
Cryogenic Separation
Pressure Swing Adsorption
Membrane Technology

7. Cryogenic Separation
An old process used to produce high
purity oxygen or nitrogen at high volumes
first developed by Carl Von Linde in 1895

8. Cryogenic separation
each of air’s constituents has different boiling points
The idea behind the process is to lower the temperature of the air such that nitrogen and oxygen
separate based on their boiling points.
occurs at around -184°C
Nitrogen
Boiling Point :​−195.795 °C
Melting Point :−210.00 °C

9. Layout

10. It is most effective when any of the
three criteria need to be met :
High Purity (>99.5%)
high volume(≥100 tons of oxygen/day)

11. Pressure Swing Adsorption(PSA)
newer technology as compared to cryogenic method
• Uses sorbents (zeolites,
nanotubes) in two adsorption
columns to separate molecules
• Depending on the zeolite
chosen, this dipole allows for the
collection of nitrogen, but allows
oxygen to pass

12. ,
For oxygen enrichment, the PSA is generally pressurized to a minimum of 1.5 atm
• 4 Process stages
– Adsorption/Production
– Blowdown/Purge

13. STAGE-1
Compressed air is fed in to the first bed.
• Nitrogen and argon molecules are trapped, while
oxygen is allowed to flow through.

14. STAGE -2
• The adsorbent in the first bed becomes saturated
with nitrogen and argon molecules
• The airflow feed is directed into the
second bed.

15. STAGE - 3
• The adsorbent adsorbs
nitrogen and argon in
the second bed
• The first bed is
depressurized allowing
argon and nitrogen to
be purged out of the
system and released to
the atmosphere

16. STAGE- 4
• The process starts
over.
• Compressed air is once
again fed into the first
bed.
• The second bed is
depressurized releasing
argon and nitrogen
molecules to the
atmosphere.

17. .
Capacity :10 ton/day
Can achieve a purity of 99.9%
Costly process

18. Membrane Technology
Permeable materials used to selectively separate
Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Argon
Large and medium scale production
Capacity : 20 ton/day
filter will allow fast gasses to pass and
slow gasses will stay
Oxygen is considered a fast gas and
nitrogen and argon are considered slow gasses

19. THANK YOU
.