The document provides an overview of accounting principles for upstream oil and gas, including PSC accounting. It discusses the full cost and successful efforts accounting methods, accounting for acquisition, exploration, development and production costs. PSC accounting differs in its treatment of these costs compared to GAAP. Specifically, under PSC accounting certain exploration and development expenditures are expensed rather than capitalized. The document also covers other PSC considerations like cost recovery, domestic market obligations and investment credits.
Introduction to Oil and Gas Industry from Upstream (Exploration & Production), Midstream (Transportation & Storage), to Downstream (Refining, Petrochemical, & Marketing)
Introduction-Alpha….. Betical PRINCIPLES of Petroleum Geology; Classification of fossil fuels as hydrocarbon resources and hydrocarbon producing resources; Oil/Gas Generation and Diagenesis; Types of Oil & Natural Gas Plays; Occurrence of Oil and Gas; umbrella terms given to petroleum: Conventional oil and Unconventional oil; Associated Gas and Non-associated Gas; In Situ Oil and Gas Resources versus Supply; Natural Gas Resource and Quality Types; Natural GAS; Oil and Gas Process; Oil/Gas Field Life Cycle; Oil Field Pyramid ; Giant Oil Field
We are currently in the midst of one of the deepest downturns in the upstream industry in recent years. Challenging times are ahead for those looking to invest capital and grow their companies in this environment.
Petroleum Economics is all about the allocation of scarce resources. Investment capital is certainly that scarce resource at the moment. In this environment, companies are looking for people to develop highly advanced skills in upstream petroleum economic and financial analysis
Introduction to Project Economics in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production (Upstream) Industry, including basic project economics method and example of calculation.
WHY IS A RESERVES DEFINITION NEEDED?;
Classification Framework; Proven Reserves; Unproven reserves; Resources; RESERVES UNCERTAINTY CATEGORIES; PROJECT MATURITY SUB-CLASSES; PETROLEUM RESOURCES CLASSIFICATION BASED ON PROJECT STAGESOIL AND GAS PROJECT EVALUATION STAGES; OIL AND GAS PROJECT EVALUATION; PROJECT EVALUATION ; PROBABILITY OF SUCCESS (POSG)
Introduction to Oil and Gas Industry from Upstream (Exploration & Production), Midstream (Transportation & Storage), to Downstream (Refining, Petrochemical, & Marketing)
Introduction-Alpha….. Betical PRINCIPLES of Petroleum Geology; Classification of fossil fuels as hydrocarbon resources and hydrocarbon producing resources; Oil/Gas Generation and Diagenesis; Types of Oil & Natural Gas Plays; Occurrence of Oil and Gas; umbrella terms given to petroleum: Conventional oil and Unconventional oil; Associated Gas and Non-associated Gas; In Situ Oil and Gas Resources versus Supply; Natural Gas Resource and Quality Types; Natural GAS; Oil and Gas Process; Oil/Gas Field Life Cycle; Oil Field Pyramid ; Giant Oil Field
We are currently in the midst of one of the deepest downturns in the upstream industry in recent years. Challenging times are ahead for those looking to invest capital and grow their companies in this environment.
Petroleum Economics is all about the allocation of scarce resources. Investment capital is certainly that scarce resource at the moment. In this environment, companies are looking for people to develop highly advanced skills in upstream petroleum economic and financial analysis
Introduction to Project Economics in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production (Upstream) Industry, including basic project economics method and example of calculation.
WHY IS A RESERVES DEFINITION NEEDED?;
Classification Framework; Proven Reserves; Unproven reserves; Resources; RESERVES UNCERTAINTY CATEGORIES; PROJECT MATURITY SUB-CLASSES; PETROLEUM RESOURCES CLASSIFICATION BASED ON PROJECT STAGESOIL AND GAS PROJECT EVALUATION STAGES; OIL AND GAS PROJECT EVALUATION; PROJECT EVALUATION ; PROBABILITY OF SUCCESS (POSG)
Investment and decision analysis for petroleum explorationHamdy Rashed
Investment and decision analysis for petroleum exploration is a subject that many explorationist, geologist, management accountant and finance manager likes to know about. This paper shows the major concepts of how investment, decision and project analysis is made for petroleum exploration in financial view that is based on cash-flow models and applying capital budgeting techniques per International Oil and Gas business, financial and contractual arrangement that impact on such analysis. This paper does not cover such analysis in technically view because it is out of specialization, but this analysis shall be made in conjunction with technical experienced staff.
Keywords: Investment and decision analysis for petroleum exploration, Project Analysis for Petroleum Exploration
Oil 101: Introduction to Oil and Gas - UpstreamEKT Interactive
Oil 101: Introduction to Oil and Gas - Upstream
What is Upstream? This Midstream content is derived from our Oil 101 Upstream ebook and can be found in our oil and gas learning community.
This Upstream module includes the following sections (use the links below for quick access):
-Introduction to Upstream
-Upstream Business Characteristics
-Oilfield Services
-Reserves – Formation and Importance
-Production – The First Step in Adding Value
-The Unconventional Future of Upstream
Upstream
What is Upstream? Most oil and gas companies’ business structures are segmented and organized according to business segment, assets, or function.
The upstream segment of the business is also known as the exploration and production (E&P) sector because it encompasses activities related to searching for, recovering and producing crude oil and natural gas.
The upstream segment is all about wells: where to locate them; how deep and how far to drill them; and how to design, construct, operate and manage them to deliver the greatest possible return on investment with the lightest, safest and smallest operational footprint.
Exploration
The exploration sector involves obtaining a lease and permission to drill from the owners of onshore or offshore acreage thought to contain oil or gas, and conducting necessary geological and geophysical (G&G) surveys required to explore for (and hopefully find) economic accumulations of oil or gas.
Drilling
There is always uncertainty in the geological and geophysical survey results. The only way to be sure that a prospect is favorable is to drill an exploratory well. Drilling is physically creating the “borehole” in the ground that will eventually become an oil or gas well. This work is done by rig contractors and service companies in the Oilfield Services business sector.
Production
The production sector of the upstream segment maximizes recovery of petroleum from subsurface reservoirs.
Oil 101 - A Free Introduction to Oil and Gas
Introduction to Oil and Gas Exploration
This brief overview of exploration includes segments on exploration processes, some historical perspective including an explanation of hydrocarbons, and finally we’ll discuss the ‘basin-play concept’.
There are 4 key steps to summarize the oil and gas exploration process:
First is understanding and evaluating the geologic setting, called a play,
Next is obtaining access to the potential reserves usually in the form of a lease.
The third step is determining where to drill and completing a successful discovery or “wildcat” well.
Finally, additional hydrocarbon reserves can be added to the portfolio of an oil company using guidelines set by the Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE) and the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
Oil and gas is composed of compressed hydrocarbons. It was formed millions of years ago in a process that began when plant and animal remains were covered by very deep layers of sediment – minute particles of rock and minerals. With time, extreme pressure and high temperatures, these particles became a mix of both solid (coal) and liquid hydrocarbons. Even diamonds are a form of hydrocarbons.
Early oil discoveries were traced from natural hydrocarbon seeps at the surface. Many major fields of California, Oklahoma, Mexico, Iran, Iraq and Indonesia were related to surface hydrocarbon seeps.
Integrated Oil Field Development Plan - FDP. Criteria, strategy and process f...Giuseppe Moricca
Integrated Oil Field Development Plan - FDP.
The integrated oil field development plan describes process, explores options, and targets, aimed at the optimal oil and gas field development in line with the oil company strategy.
The spine in the process is the specialist teams who navigate, manage and integrate the subsurface and surface complexities, uncertainties and opportunities into a single development plan, maximizing the overall field recovery and asset value.
How to determine the value of oil and gas propertiesHamdy Rashed
A lot of us may wonder why the oil and gas companies buy or sell the interests of other oil and gas
companies in specific properties at that price? Why it should not be more or less? How the value of
oil and gas properties are determined? Many Explorationists, geologists, Finance Manager,
management accountants or students have the same questions. Therefore, We discussed in this
paper the factors that impact the sale price of properties and how they are contributed to assess the
value of those properties. We classified the properties into three categories; exploration properties,
development properties and production properties and the Internal auditor’s role in reviewing the
valuation of such properties.
TYPES OF PETROLEUM CONTRACTS AGREEMENT; Product Sharing Contract/Agreement (PSC/PSA); Concession (or Tax-and-Royalty) Contracts; STABILIZATION; EGYPTIAN HYDROCARBON FISCAL REGIME;; Main Differences Concessionary & Production Sharing Contracts (PSCs); Participation/Joint Venture/ Association (or Arrangements); Service Contracts; WHAT CHOICES OF LAW ARE POSSIBLE? Rule of Capture; Law of the Sea Act 77 & the Rule of Capture; KEY ISSUES IN UNITIZATION AGREEMENTS; UNITIZATION CLAUSES; Discretionary Unitization Clauses; Non-Discretionary Unitization Clauses; Cross-border or International Unitization; EGYPT PETROLEUM FUTURE; UNDERSTANDING EGYPT; PRODUCTION SHARING CONTRACTS AND TAX BARRELS; Egypt Production Sharing Contract (PSC); Typical Egypt Development Lease
Introduction to oil and gas exploration and processingJohn Kingsley
This is a comprehensive presentation designed to give an overview and to introduce oil & gas operations.
Following are the contents of the presentation :
a) How Oil & Gas were formed ?
b) How are Oil and Gas deposits located ?
c) Economics of Exploration operations.
d) Definition of Oil Reserves.
e) Drilling & Production Process - How are they safely and efficiently extracted for onward processing without creating detrimental environmental impacts ?
f) History of “Off-shore Oil & Gas Exploration”.
g) Different types of “Off-shore Production facilities”.
h) Characteristics of Crude oil.
i) Oil & Gas Industry – Overall Block diagram.
j) Separation of Oil, Gas and Water.
k) Gas treatment and Export.
l) Oil treatment and Export.
m) Water treatment and disposal.
n) Pipeline transportation basics.
Know more about iFluids Engineering --> visit www.iFluids.com
Oil 101: Introduction to Oil and Gas - MidstreamEKT Interactive
Oil 101: Introduction to Oil and Gas - Midstream
What is Midstream? This Midstream content is derived from our Oil 101 Midstream ebook and can be found in our oil and gas learning community.
This Midstream module includes the following sections (use the links below for quick access):
Midstream Business Characteristics
Midstream Participants
Processing – The Next Step in Adding Value
Transportation
Storage
Midstream - As its name implies, the midstream segment encompasses facilities and processes that sit between the upstream and downstream segments. Activities can include processing, storage and transportation of crude oil and natural gas.
In most cases, oil and gas reserves are not located in the same geographic location as refining assets and major consumption regions.
Transportation is a big part of midstream activities and can include using pipelines, trucking fleets, tanker ships, and rail cars.
The midstream segment is separated from upstream and downstream in most oil companies because it is considered a low risk, regulated type of business. It does not fit the risk profile or asset complexity of the other segments of the oil and gas industry.
Success in the midstream segment depends on many external forces including:
-Upstream operations continuous delivery of reserves
-Refinery margins that encourage refined product production
-Health of the downstream, natural gas, and petrochemical industry markets.
-Natural gas price levels that impact the attractiveness of NGL’s as feedstock
-Political sentiment for pipeline expansion and “not in my backyard” hurdles
While the midstream gathering and processing sector is relatively free of commercial regulation, the movement of gas by interstate pipelines and subsequent state level distribution activities are highly regulated in the US by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC).
Difference Between Upstream & Midstream & Downstream Activities in Oil and Ga...Student
The Upstream activities sector include the searching and extraction of underground crude oil and natural gas , drilling exploratory wells, and subsequently drilling and operating the wells that recover and bring the crude oil and/or raw natural gas to the surface.
In the petroleum industry, locating underground or underwater oil reserves characterizes the upstream process. Additionally, the upstream process in this industry involves bringing oil and gas to the surface. Extraction wells represent an example of a structure operating in this stage in the process. The upstream stage in the production process may also manifest itself as a supplier providing raw materials to manufacturers or other businesses that ultimately process the materials.
Investment and decision analysis for petroleum explorationHamdy Rashed
Investment and decision analysis for petroleum exploration is a subject that many explorationist, geologist, management accountant and finance manager likes to know about. This paper shows the major concepts of how investment, decision and project analysis is made for petroleum exploration in financial view that is based on cash-flow models and applying capital budgeting techniques per International Oil and Gas business, financial and contractual arrangement that impact on such analysis. This paper does not cover such analysis in technically view because it is out of specialization, but this analysis shall be made in conjunction with technical experienced staff.
Keywords: Investment and decision analysis for petroleum exploration, Project Analysis for Petroleum Exploration
Oil 101: Introduction to Oil and Gas - UpstreamEKT Interactive
Oil 101: Introduction to Oil and Gas - Upstream
What is Upstream? This Midstream content is derived from our Oil 101 Upstream ebook and can be found in our oil and gas learning community.
This Upstream module includes the following sections (use the links below for quick access):
-Introduction to Upstream
-Upstream Business Characteristics
-Oilfield Services
-Reserves – Formation and Importance
-Production – The First Step in Adding Value
-The Unconventional Future of Upstream
Upstream
What is Upstream? Most oil and gas companies’ business structures are segmented and organized according to business segment, assets, or function.
The upstream segment of the business is also known as the exploration and production (E&P) sector because it encompasses activities related to searching for, recovering and producing crude oil and natural gas.
The upstream segment is all about wells: where to locate them; how deep and how far to drill them; and how to design, construct, operate and manage them to deliver the greatest possible return on investment with the lightest, safest and smallest operational footprint.
Exploration
The exploration sector involves obtaining a lease and permission to drill from the owners of onshore or offshore acreage thought to contain oil or gas, and conducting necessary geological and geophysical (G&G) surveys required to explore for (and hopefully find) economic accumulations of oil or gas.
Drilling
There is always uncertainty in the geological and geophysical survey results. The only way to be sure that a prospect is favorable is to drill an exploratory well. Drilling is physically creating the “borehole” in the ground that will eventually become an oil or gas well. This work is done by rig contractors and service companies in the Oilfield Services business sector.
Production
The production sector of the upstream segment maximizes recovery of petroleum from subsurface reservoirs.
Oil 101 - A Free Introduction to Oil and Gas
Introduction to Oil and Gas Exploration
This brief overview of exploration includes segments on exploration processes, some historical perspective including an explanation of hydrocarbons, and finally we’ll discuss the ‘basin-play concept’.
There are 4 key steps to summarize the oil and gas exploration process:
First is understanding and evaluating the geologic setting, called a play,
Next is obtaining access to the potential reserves usually in the form of a lease.
The third step is determining where to drill and completing a successful discovery or “wildcat” well.
Finally, additional hydrocarbon reserves can be added to the portfolio of an oil company using guidelines set by the Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE) and the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
Oil and gas is composed of compressed hydrocarbons. It was formed millions of years ago in a process that began when plant and animal remains were covered by very deep layers of sediment – minute particles of rock and minerals. With time, extreme pressure and high temperatures, these particles became a mix of both solid (coal) and liquid hydrocarbons. Even diamonds are a form of hydrocarbons.
Early oil discoveries were traced from natural hydrocarbon seeps at the surface. Many major fields of California, Oklahoma, Mexico, Iran, Iraq and Indonesia were related to surface hydrocarbon seeps.
Integrated Oil Field Development Plan - FDP. Criteria, strategy and process f...Giuseppe Moricca
Integrated Oil Field Development Plan - FDP.
The integrated oil field development plan describes process, explores options, and targets, aimed at the optimal oil and gas field development in line with the oil company strategy.
The spine in the process is the specialist teams who navigate, manage and integrate the subsurface and surface complexities, uncertainties and opportunities into a single development plan, maximizing the overall field recovery and asset value.
How to determine the value of oil and gas propertiesHamdy Rashed
A lot of us may wonder why the oil and gas companies buy or sell the interests of other oil and gas
companies in specific properties at that price? Why it should not be more or less? How the value of
oil and gas properties are determined? Many Explorationists, geologists, Finance Manager,
management accountants or students have the same questions. Therefore, We discussed in this
paper the factors that impact the sale price of properties and how they are contributed to assess the
value of those properties. We classified the properties into three categories; exploration properties,
development properties and production properties and the Internal auditor’s role in reviewing the
valuation of such properties.
TYPES OF PETROLEUM CONTRACTS AGREEMENT; Product Sharing Contract/Agreement (PSC/PSA); Concession (or Tax-and-Royalty) Contracts; STABILIZATION; EGYPTIAN HYDROCARBON FISCAL REGIME;; Main Differences Concessionary & Production Sharing Contracts (PSCs); Participation/Joint Venture/ Association (or Arrangements); Service Contracts; WHAT CHOICES OF LAW ARE POSSIBLE? Rule of Capture; Law of the Sea Act 77 & the Rule of Capture; KEY ISSUES IN UNITIZATION AGREEMENTS; UNITIZATION CLAUSES; Discretionary Unitization Clauses; Non-Discretionary Unitization Clauses; Cross-border or International Unitization; EGYPT PETROLEUM FUTURE; UNDERSTANDING EGYPT; PRODUCTION SHARING CONTRACTS AND TAX BARRELS; Egypt Production Sharing Contract (PSC); Typical Egypt Development Lease
Introduction to oil and gas exploration and processingJohn Kingsley
This is a comprehensive presentation designed to give an overview and to introduce oil & gas operations.
Following are the contents of the presentation :
a) How Oil & Gas were formed ?
b) How are Oil and Gas deposits located ?
c) Economics of Exploration operations.
d) Definition of Oil Reserves.
e) Drilling & Production Process - How are they safely and efficiently extracted for onward processing without creating detrimental environmental impacts ?
f) History of “Off-shore Oil & Gas Exploration”.
g) Different types of “Off-shore Production facilities”.
h) Characteristics of Crude oil.
i) Oil & Gas Industry – Overall Block diagram.
j) Separation of Oil, Gas and Water.
k) Gas treatment and Export.
l) Oil treatment and Export.
m) Water treatment and disposal.
n) Pipeline transportation basics.
Know more about iFluids Engineering --> visit www.iFluids.com
Oil 101: Introduction to Oil and Gas - MidstreamEKT Interactive
Oil 101: Introduction to Oil and Gas - Midstream
What is Midstream? This Midstream content is derived from our Oil 101 Midstream ebook and can be found in our oil and gas learning community.
This Midstream module includes the following sections (use the links below for quick access):
Midstream Business Characteristics
Midstream Participants
Processing – The Next Step in Adding Value
Transportation
Storage
Midstream - As its name implies, the midstream segment encompasses facilities and processes that sit between the upstream and downstream segments. Activities can include processing, storage and transportation of crude oil and natural gas.
In most cases, oil and gas reserves are not located in the same geographic location as refining assets and major consumption regions.
Transportation is a big part of midstream activities and can include using pipelines, trucking fleets, tanker ships, and rail cars.
The midstream segment is separated from upstream and downstream in most oil companies because it is considered a low risk, regulated type of business. It does not fit the risk profile or asset complexity of the other segments of the oil and gas industry.
Success in the midstream segment depends on many external forces including:
-Upstream operations continuous delivery of reserves
-Refinery margins that encourage refined product production
-Health of the downstream, natural gas, and petrochemical industry markets.
-Natural gas price levels that impact the attractiveness of NGL’s as feedstock
-Political sentiment for pipeline expansion and “not in my backyard” hurdles
While the midstream gathering and processing sector is relatively free of commercial regulation, the movement of gas by interstate pipelines and subsequent state level distribution activities are highly regulated in the US by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC).
Difference Between Upstream & Midstream & Downstream Activities in Oil and Ga...Student
The Upstream activities sector include the searching and extraction of underground crude oil and natural gas , drilling exploratory wells, and subsequently drilling and operating the wells that recover and bring the crude oil and/or raw natural gas to the surface.
In the petroleum industry, locating underground or underwater oil reserves characterizes the upstream process. Additionally, the upstream process in this industry involves bringing oil and gas to the surface. Extraction wells represent an example of a structure operating in this stage in the process. The upstream stage in the production process may also manifest itself as a supplier providing raw materials to manufacturers or other businesses that ultimately process the materials.
It is the economic consideration like cost estimation,capital investment,profitability and total product cost. It also includes various types of each, calculation and ratios
Basic cost analysis in petroleum upstream industry part aHamdy Rashed
Cost control and management is not appropriate only for manufacturing and commercial industry;
cost management is applied in upstream industry such as Petroleum exploration, development and
production cost. Many Petroleum Companies don’t pay more attention to cost control and
especially during exploration phase except if Companies face financial dilemma, declining
production or if they see they cannot meet their planned schedule of Capital program that lead
them to not meet their obligation, commitments and required return, therefore, they start
considering cost reduction or control. This paper provide management accountant, cost controller,
financial controller, financial manager, internal auditor and cost recovery auditor with brief of cost
control, how cost is analyzed and managed and performance is measured in Petroleum upstream
industry.
Presentation from Ohio Accounting Firm - Rea Associates - discussing how companies should manage the classification of capital assets. Topics covered include asset policies and thresholds, tracking construction in progress additions, estimate useful lives and recongizing capital asset impairment opportunities.
what is the best method to sell pi coins in 2024DOT TECH
The best way to sell your pi coins safely is trading with an exchange..but since pi is not launched in any exchange, and second option is through a VERIFIED pi merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and pioneers and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive amounts before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade pi coins with.
@Pi_vendor_247
Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank Introduce New Co-Branded Credit Cardnickysharmasucks
The unveiling of the IndusInd Bank Poonawalla Fincorp eLITE RuPay Platinum Credit Card marks a notable milestone in the Indian financial landscape, showcasing a successful partnership between two leading institutions, Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank. This co-branded credit card not only offers users a plethora of benefits but also reflects a commitment to innovation and adaptation. With a focus on providing value-driven and customer-centric solutions, this launch represents more than just a new product—it signifies a step towards redefining the banking experience for millions. Promising convenience, rewards, and a touch of luxury in everyday financial transactions, this collaboration aims to cater to the evolving needs of customers and set new standards in the industry.
BYD SWOT Analysis and In-Depth Insights 2024.pptxmikemetalprod
Indepth analysis of the BYD 2024
BYD (Build Your Dreams) is a Chinese automaker and battery manufacturer that has snowballed over the past two decades to become a significant player in electric vehicles and global clean energy technology.
This SWOT analysis examines BYD's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats as it competes in the fast-changing automotive and energy storage industries.
Founded in 1995 and headquartered in Shenzhen, BYD started as a battery company before expanding into automobiles in the early 2000s.
Initially manufacturing gasoline-powered vehicles, BYD focused on plug-in hybrid and fully electric vehicles, leveraging its expertise in battery technology.
Today, BYD is the world’s largest electric vehicle manufacturer, delivering over 1.2 million electric cars globally. The company also produces electric buses, trucks, forklifts, and rail transit.
On the energy side, BYD is a major supplier of rechargeable batteries for cell phones, laptops, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems.
where can I find a legit pi merchant onlineDOT TECH
Yes. This is very easy what you need is a recommendation from someone who has successfully traded pi coins before with a merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold thousands of pi coins before the open mainnet.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins at high rate quickly.DOT TECH
Where can I sell my pi coins at a high rate.
Pi is not launched yet on any exchange. But one can easily sell his or her pi coins to investors who want to hold pi till mainnet launch.
This means crypto whales want to hold pi. And you can get a good rate for selling pi to them. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor below.
A vendor is someone who buys from a miner and resell it to a holder or crypto whale.
Here is the telegram contact of my vendor:
@Pi_vendor_247
how can i use my minded pi coins I need some funds.DOT TECH
If you are interested in selling your pi coins, i have a verified pi merchant, who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
Because the core team has announced that pi network will not be doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges like huobi, bitmart and hotbit can get pi is by buying from miners.
Now a merchant stands in between these exchanges and the miners. As a link to make transactions smooth. Because right now in the enclosed mainnet you can't sell pi coins your self. You need the help of a merchant,
i will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant below. 👇 I and my friends has traded more than 3000pi coins with him successfully.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to swap pi coins to foreign currency withdrawable.DOT TECH
As of my last update, Pi is still in the testing phase and is not tradable on any exchanges.
However, Pi Network has announced plans to launch its Testnet and Mainnet in the future, which may include listing Pi on exchanges.
The current method for selling pi coins involves exchanging them with a pi vendor who purchases pi coins for investment reasons.
If you want to sell your pi coins, reach out to a pi vendor and sell them to anyone looking to sell pi coins from any country around the globe.
Below is the contact information for my personal pi vendor.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
What website can I sell pi coins securely.DOT TECH
Currently there are no website or exchange that allow buying or selling of pi coins..
But you can still easily sell pi coins, by reselling it to exchanges/crypto whales interested in holding thousands of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell to these crypto whales and holders of pi..
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges can get pi is by buying from miners and pi merchants stands in between the miners and the exchanges.
How can I sell my pi coins?
Selling pi coins is really easy, but first you need to migrate to mainnet wallet before you can do that. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
Tele-gram.
@Pi_vendor_247
The secret way to sell pi coins effortlessly.DOT TECH
Well as we all know pi isn't launched yet. But you can still sell your pi coins effortlessly because some whales in China are interested in holding massive pi coins. And they are willing to pay good money for it. If you are interested in selling I will leave a contact for you. Just telegram this number below. I sold about 3000 pi coins to him and he paid me immediately.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview.pptxmarketing367770
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview
If you're dreaming of owning a home in California's rural or suburban areas, a USDA loan might be the perfect solution. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) offers these loans to help low-to-moderate-income individuals and families achieve homeownership.
Key Features of USDA Loans:
Zero Down Payment: USDA loans require no down payment, making homeownership more accessible.
Competitive Interest Rates: These loans often come with lower interest rates compared to conventional loans.
Flexible Credit Requirements: USDA loans have more lenient credit score requirements, helping those with less-than-perfect credit.
Guaranteed Loan Program: The USDA guarantees a portion of the loan, reducing risk for lenders and expanding borrowing options.
Eligibility Criteria:
Location: The property must be located in a USDA-designated rural or suburban area. Many areas in California qualify.
Income Limits: Applicants must meet income guidelines, which vary by region and household size.
Primary Residence: The home must be used as the borrower's primary residence.
Application Process:
Find a USDA-Approved Lender: Not all lenders offer USDA loans, so it's essential to choose one approved by the USDA.
Pre-Qualification: Determine your eligibility and the amount you can borrow.
Property Search: Look for properties in eligible rural or suburban areas.
Loan Application: Submit your application, including financial and personal information.
Processing and Approval: The lender and USDA will review your application. If approved, you can proceed to closing.
USDA loans are an excellent option for those looking to buy a home in California's rural and suburban areas. With no down payment and flexible requirements, these loans make homeownership more attainable for many families. Explore your eligibility today and take the first step toward owning your dream home.
how to sell pi coins on Bitmart crypto exchangeDOT TECH
Yes. Pi network coins can be exchanged but not on bitmart exchange. Because pi network is still in the enclosed mainnet. The only way pioneers are able to trade pi coins is by reselling the pi coins to pi verified merchants.
A verified merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell it to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins effectively (from 50 - 100k pi)DOT TECH
Anywhere in the world, including Africa, America, and Europe, you can sell Pi Network Coins online and receive cash through online payment options.
Pi has not yet been launched on any exchange because we are currently using the confined Mainnet. The planned launch date for Pi is June 28, 2026.
Reselling to investors who want to hold until the mainnet launch in 2026 is currently the sole way to sell.
Consequently, right now. All you need to do is select the right pi network provider.
Who is a pi merchant?
An individual who buys coins from miners on the pi network and resells them to investors hoping to hang onto them until the mainnet is launched is known as a pi merchant.
debuts.
I'll provide you the Telegram username
@Pi_vendor_247
how can I sell pi coins after successfully completing KYCDOT TECH
Pi coins is not launched yet in any exchange 💱 this means it's not swappable, the current pi displaying on coin market cap is the iou version of pi. And you can learn all about that on my previous post.
RIGHT NOW THE ONLY WAY you can sell pi coins is through verified pi merchants. A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges and crypto whales. Looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale or ico offerings, the only way to get my coins is from buying from miners. So a merchant facilitates the transactions between the miners and these exchanges holding pi.
I and my friends has sold more than 6000 pi coins successfully with this method. I will be happy to share the contact of my personal pi merchant. The one i trade with, if you have your own merchant you can trade with them. For those who are new.
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram.
I wouldn't advise you selling all percentage of the pi coins. Leave at least a before so its a win win during open mainnet. Have a nice day pioneers ♥️
#kyc #mainnet #picoins #pi #sellpi #piwallet
#pinetwork
Which Crypto to Buy Today for Short-Term in May-June 2024.pdf
Overview Of Oil & Gas Accounting
1. Overview of Oil and Gas Accounting & PSC Accounting Budi Hartono
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20. Full Cost vs Successful Efforts Accounting Production costs Development costs Specific pre-licence, licence acquisition, exploration and appraisal costs General costs prior to acquisition of licence SUCCESSFUL EFFORTS FULL COST Costs
21. Full Cost vs Successful Efforts Accounting Expensed Expensed Capitalised Capitalised Capitalise initially then write off, unless commercial reserves established Capitalised Expensed Expensed SUCCESSFUL EFFORTS FULL COST Production costs Development costs Specific pre-licence, licence acquisition, exploration and appraisal costs General costs prior to acquisition of licence Costs
40. PSC Accounting vs GAAP A dry appraisal could still be carried forward in the Balance Sheet, provided that the intend to drill more wells or to develop the field still exists. Unsuccessful exploratory wells drilled to delineate a potential reservoir are expensed A dry appraisal could still be carried forward in the Balance Sheet, provided that the intend to drill more wells or to develop the field still exists. Appraisal drilling IFRS US GAAP PSC
41. PSC Accounting vs GAAP Not specified. Capitalized as long as meet with IFRS assets recognition criteria Not specified. Capitalized as long as meet with IFRS assets recognition criteria Capitalize Capitalize Capitalize Expense Expense Capitalize Development expenditures Dry hole Successful: - IDC - TDC Capitalize Capitalize Capitalize Supporting equipment and facilities IFRS US GAAP PSC
42. PSC Accounting vs GAAP Accrual basis based on the discounted present value of the expected expenditures required to settle the obligation Accrual basis based on the discounted present value of the expected expenditures required to settle the obligation Cash basis (pay as you go) Big table liabilities / severance Expensed/impaired upon identified Expensed/impaired upon identified Write off upon approved by BPMIGAS Obsolete inventory or assets Expensed as consumed Expensed as consumed Expensed upon receipt Non-capital inventory Not specified, to be allocated over useful life, reflecting consumption of assets’ benefits Unit of production Double decline DD&A of capital costs IFRS US GAAP PSC
43. PSC Accounting vs GAAP Accrual basis - based on the discounted present value of the expected expenditures required to settle the obligation. The provision should be provided as soon as the decommissioning obligation is created, which is normally when the facility is constructed and the damage that needs to be restored is done. Accrual basis - based on the discounted present value of the expected expenditures required to settle the obligation. The provision should be provided in the period in which it is incurred if a reasonable estimate of fair value can be made, or as soon as a reasonable estimate of fair value can be made. Cash basis. New recent PSC contract – accrual basis, but no further guidance issued yet by BPMIGAS. Abandonment / decommissioning liabilities IFRS US GAAP PSC
44. PSC Accounting vs GAAP The same as US GAAP, except that an impairment loss (downward revaluation) may be offset against revaluation surpluses to the extent that it relates to the same asset; any uncovered deficit is recorded to the income statement. All impairments are recognised in the income statement. Written off assets upon agreement from BPMIGAS Impairment IFRS US GAAP PSC