This PPT explains the revolution in control grid and their important factors which will help students to understand the importance of management in power system healthy operation

1. Power System
Operation and
Control
An Overview of Modern Electric Power Grid
Control
Prepared By: Mrs. Puja Gurav

2. Introduction
• • Definition of power system operation and control
• • Importance in reliable electricity supply
• • Key areas: Generation, Transmission, Distribution, Load

3. Structure of Power System
• • Generation
• • Transmission
• • Distribution
• • Load centers

4. Objectives of Power System
Operation
• • Maintain system frequency
• • Ensure voltage regulation
• • Load balancing
• • Economic operation

5. Types of Power System Controls
• • Real Power Control (Frequency Control)
• • Reactive Power Control (Voltage Control)
• • Load Dispatch
• • Economic Load Dispatch (ELD)
• • Automatic Generation Control (AGC)

6. Load Frequency Control (LFC)
• • Purpose: Maintain nominal frequency
• • Primary & secondary control loops
• • Area Control Error (ACE)

7. Voltage Control
• • Importance of voltage profile
• • Methods: Tap changing transformer, SVC, capacitor banks
• • Reactive power support

8. SCADA and EMS
• • SCADA: Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
• • EMS: Energy Management System
• • Real-time data, alarms, decision support

9. Economic Load Dispatch (ELD)
• • Optimal generation scheduling
• • Cost minimization
• • Incremental fuel cost
• • Basic ELD equation

10. Automatic Generation Control
(AGC)
• • Real-time balancing
• • Tie-line power flow
• • Role in multi-area systems

11. Modern Trends in Power System
Control
• • Integration of renewables
• • Smart grid
• • Demand-side management
• • PMUs and WAMS

12. Case Study Example
• • 2012 India blackout
• • Impact of poor frequency and voltage control

13. Conclusion
• • Summary of control needs
• • Importance of automation and real-time response
• • Future of power systems with AI and IoT

14. Q&A
• Questions?