This document provides an overview of organizational communication. It defines key terms like organization, communication, and organizational communication. It discusses the nature of organizations including concepts like division of labor. It also covers organizational design, structures, communication networks and flows. The document outlines different barriers to communication like physical, cultural, language, organizational and perceptual barriers. It provides examples and ways to overcome each type of barrier.

1. Organizational Communication
Unit 1
Dr.Reenu Mohan
Department of Commerce

2. INTRODUCTION
• ORGANIZATION “An organization is a
deliberate arrangement of people to
accomplish some specific purposes.”
• Organization is an open system
communication among people within a
specific context for the purpose of achieving
common goals through cooperative effort

3. DEFINITION
• COMMUNICATION “Exchange of ideas, plans,
knowledge and informat.ion is known as
communication.”
• Communication attempts to share personal
images of reality through verbal and non
verbal behavior

4. ORGANISATION
• A social unit of people that is structured and
managed to meet a need or to pursue
collective goals.

5. NATURE OF ORGANISATIONS
• Division of Labor
• Unity of Command
• Authority & Responsibility
• Span of Control
• Scalar principle
• Departmentalization

6. ORGANIZATION DESIGN
• Organization design is the process of assessing
and selecting the structure and formal system
of communication, division of labor,
coordination, control,authority and
responsibility necessary to achieve an
organization’s goals

7. Types of Organizational Design
• Functional Design
• Place (or Region-wise) Design
• Product Design
• Multidivisional design

8. ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURES
• LINE

9. LINE AND STAFF

10. PROJECT ORGANISATIONAL
STRUCTURE

11. MATRIX ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE

12. • ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION “All the
pattern, networks and systems of
communication within an organization.”
• Organizational communication is system of
pathways through which messages flow
patterns of interaction among people who
comprise the organization

13. FORMS OF COMMUNICATION
• Formal communication
• Informal communication

14. FORMS OF COMMUNICATION
• FORMAL COMMUNICATION “Communication that
takes place within prescribed organizational work
arrangements.” For example: Manager asks his/her
employee to do a task.
• INFORMAL COMMUNICATION “Communication that is
not defined by an organization structural hierarchy.”
For example: employees conversation during lunch.
Purpose of informal Communication:
• 1. Social interaction 2. Enhance organizational
performance

15. DIRECTION OF COMMUNICATION
FLOW
• Downward communication
• Upward communication
• Lateral communication
• Diagonal communication

16. DOWNWARD COMMUNICATION
• “Communication that flows downward from a
manager to employee.”

17. • UPWARD COMMUNICATION “Communication
that flows upward from employee to manager.

18. • LATERAL COMMUNICATION “Communication
that takes place among any employees on the
same organizational level.”

19. • DIAGONAL COMMUNICATION
“Communication that cuts across work areas
and organizational levels.”

20. • THE GRAPEVINE “The informal organizational
communication network.”

21. COMMUNICATION NETWORKS

22. Communication barriers
• Barrier- An obstacle in a place that prevents
us from completing certain tasks.
• Communication barriers can be defined as the
aspects or conditions that interfere with
effective exchange of ideas or thoughts.

23. TYPES OF BARRIER
• Physical Barrier
• Cultural Barrier
• Language Barrier
• Emotional Barrier
• Organizational Barrier
• Perceptual Barrier

24. PHYSICAL BARRIER
• Physical barriers relate to disturbance in the
immediate situation, which can interfere in
the course of an effective communication.
• Some of them are easy to Alter whereas,
some may prove to be tough obstacles in the
process of effective communication.

25. FACTORS CAUSING PHYSICAL BARRIER
• Defects in media
• Distraction in environment
• Distance
• Physical disability

26. HOW TO OVERCOME?
• To be updated with latest technologies.
• Choosing a suitable environment.
• Removing obstacle.
• Making signs easier to read, example, you
could supplement written signs with pictures
and visual signs

27. CULTURAL BARRIER
• Cultures provide people ways of thinking--
ways of seeing, hearing, and interpreting the
world.
• Similar words can mean different things to
people from different cultures, even when
they talk the "same" language.

28. FACTORS CAUSING CULTURAL BARRIER
• Diversified cultural background.
• Language and Accent.
• Religion.
• Behavior and Nature.

29. HOW TO OVERCOME ?
• Cross culture environment.
• Have a thorough knowledge of your
counterpart’s culture background.
• Conduct effective communication workshop.
• Work in groups and run frequent meeting

30. LANGUAGE BARRIERS
• Inability to converse in a language that is
known by both the sender and receiver is the
greatest barrier to effective communication. •
When a person uses inappropriate words
while conversing or writing, it could lead to
misunderstanding between the sender and a
receiver.

31. FACTORS CAUSING LANGUAGE
BARRIERS
• Multi language
• Region
• Inadequate vocabulary
• Interpreting difference

32. HOW TO OVERCOME ?
• Speak slowly and clearly.
• Ask for clarification.
• Frequently check for understanding.
• Be specific.
• Choose your medium of communication
effectively.
• Be patient.

33. ORGANIZATIONAL BARRIERS
• Organizational structure greatly affects the
capability of the employees as far as the
communication is concerned .
• All the internal factors which stymie or block the
process of communication are known as
organisational barriers. Some such factors have
already been discussed like restrictive
environments, deceptive tactics, communication
network.

34. FACTORS CAUSING ORGANIZATIONAL
BARRIERS
• Status relationship
• One way flow
• Organization structure
• Rules and regulations
• Too many levels in organization structure
.

35. HOW TO OVERCOME?
• Poor structure to the communication.
• A weak delivery.
• The use of the wrong medium to deliver the
communication.
• A mixed message.
• The message is delivered to the wrong
audience.
• A distracting environment

36. PERCEPTUAL BARRIERS
• The most common problem is that the people
have difference opinion .
• The varied perceptions of every individual
give rise to a need for effective
communication.
• We all have our own preferences, values,
attitudes, origins and life experiences that act
as ‘filters’ on our experiences of people,
events and information

37. FACTORS CAUSING PERCEPTUAL
BARRIERS
• Difference in Understanding
• Difference in Perception of Reality
• Differences in Values, Attitudes and Opinions

38. HOW TO OVERCOME?
• Start by listening to others.
• Clarify if there is confusion.
• Stay calm and be positive.

39. THANK YOU