organic farming

1. ORGANIC FARMING

2. What is Organic Farming?
•Organic farming focuses on locally grown products and
large scale use of local products and local wisdom.
•It excludes the need and demand for external fertilizers
for crop production and management.
•Organic Farming also is known as “Organic Agriculture”.

4. Introduction
• Organic farming system is a method of farming system which primarily aimed at
sustainable agricultural production in an eco-friendly pollution free environment and
being followed from ancient time in India.
• Organic Production system, keep the environment and ecology alive and in good
health by use of natural resources to harness desired agricultural production for
human consumption.
• In Organic production, environment focus is on using naturally available resources
as inputs, such as organic wastes (crop, animal and farm wastes, aquatic wastes)
and other biological materials along with beneficial microbes (biofertilizers/ bio
control agents) to release nutrients to crops and protect them from insect pest and
diseases for increased agricultural production.

5. DEFINITION AS PER USDA:
•organic farming is a system which avoids or
largely excludes the use of synthetic inputs
(such as fertilizers, pesticides, hormones,
feed additives etc) and to the maximum
extent feasible rely upon crop rotations, crop
residues, animal manures, off-farm organic
waste, mineral grade rock additives and
biological system of nutrient mobilization
and plant protection.

6. DEFINITION AS PER FAO:
•Organic agriculture is a unique production
management system which promotes and
enhances agro-ecosystem health, including
biodiversity, biological cycles and soil
biological activity, and this is accomplished
by using on-farm agronomic, biological and
mechanical methods in exclusion of all
synthetic off-farm inputs.

7. NEED OF ORGANIC FARMING
•The stress of feeding the growing population
pressure on agriculture necessitates not is only
to keep agricultural production continuous but
to surge it further in sustainable way.
•Modern conventional farming using pricey
chemicals and synthetic inputs is now facing
sustained production with high input cost and
weakening returns surpluses.

8. Objectives of Organic Farming
•Increase genetic diversity.
•Promote more usage of natural pesticides.
•Ensure the right soil cultivation at the right time.
•Keep and build good soil structure and fertility.
•Control pests, diseases and weeds

9. Components of Organic Farming
1. Household wastes
• Kitchen wastes
• Animal wastes
• Farm wastes
2.Biofertilizers
• Azotobacter
• Rhizobium
• Azospirillum
• Rhizobacteria
• Mycorrhizal Fungi
• Blue-Green Algae
• Azolla

10. Techniques involved in Organic Farming
1.Crop Rotation:
•It is the technique to grow various kinds of crops in the same
area, according to the different seasons, in a sequential manner.
2.Green Manure
•It refers to the dying plants that are uprooted and turned into
the soil to make them act as a nutrient for the soil to increase
its quality.
3.Biological Pest Control
•With this method, we use living organisms to control pests with
or without the use of chemicals.

11. 4.Compost
•Highly rich in nutrients, it is a recycled organic matter used as a
fertilizer in the agricultural farms.
5.Management of Soil
•Soil management is the soul of organic farming. It’s a well-
known fact that after taking one crop, the soil of the farm loses
most of its nutrients and its fertility goes down. To process of
recharging the soil with all the necessary nutrients is called soil
management.
•In organic farming, the nutrients are recharged in the soil
through natural ways to increase soil fertility. For this purpose,
animal waste is increasingly used to recharge the soil with the
necessary nutrients. The bacteria present in the animal waste
make soil fertile once again.

12. Organic Farming In India
• Organic Farming Association of India is a dedicated Indian organisation
working specially for promoting and developing the concept of
Organic farming in India. It works by organizing various conferences,
conventions and events to promote organic farming.
• While the association has formulated programmes to assist organic
farmers with organic certification and also participates fully in the
Participatory Guarantee System (PGS) of organic certification
designed mostly for small and marginal farmers, it has steadfastly
resisted becoming an agency for the procurement and distribution of
organic produce.
• It prefers instead to promote and support individuals, communities,
NGOs and networks that are in the business of organic marketing.

13. •The organization aims to help organize farm-households
and families engaged in organic farming and connected
activities into a recognizable entity that will effectively
represent their interests at local, state, regional and
national levels.
•Renowned scientists, policymakers, seed savers,
innovators had come together to bring the
developments in organic farming to a common platform.

14. India’s biggest network
of

15. MISSION AND GOALS
• To promote nature-friendly, scientific, farming systems and
practices that are economically viable, energy efficient,
climate friendly and oriented towards the conservation of
the environment and the empowerment of rural communities,
building upon indigenous and traditional knowledge, skills
and practices. It will aim to help organize farm-households
and families engaged in organic farming and connected
activities into a recognizable entity that will effectively
represent their interests at local, state, regional and
national levels.
• To enable farm-households engaged in organic farming to
create the necessary infrastructure and facilities for them
to select, save and exchange seeds and rootstock of various
crops with each other in situ and ex situ;
• To lobby with the State and Central Governments to install
and follow policies geared towards the promotion of organic
farming in India including the provision of subsidies,
price support, markets, legislation on organic seed

16. • To lobby with the Food Processing Ministry and other
concerned Government agencies in order to enable
farming families to process, package and label organic
produce and sell value added products within the law.
To lobby specifically against GM seeds and GM farm
inputs from being permitted for use within the Indian
agricultural and food system including animal feeds.
• To advocate in favour of courses on organic agriculture
in agricultural and other related institutions and for
these institutions to take up need based research and
study on topics as identified by organic farming
families (land to lab) and implement promotional
activities in organic farming and sustainable
lifestyles;
• To work for the special educational needs of children
from farm house-holds, the next generation of organic
farmers. Such work will include networking among
farming families, apprenticeship opportunities,
workshops, enabling children from farm-households to

17. • To assist families engaged in transitional organic farming
to access practical know-how from experienced families or
farmers through various means such as organizing regional
workshops on need-based themes as expressed by the
transitional farming families.
• To create awareness among all sections of consumers about
the detriments of conventional chemical agriculture and
consequences of the Green Revolution and the looming threat
of the Gene Revolution and the benefits of organically
produced foods.
• To formalize and operate credible, scientific and publicly
trusted systems for the recognition and registration of
organic farms.
• To work with other organic farming associations in India
and internationally in order to strengthen the organic
farming movement.
• To undertake programmes that will increase farmers

18. PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIC FARMING

19. Principle of health
•Organic Agriculture should sustain and enhance the
health of soil, plant, animal, human and planet as one and
indivisible.
•This principle points out that the health of individuals and
communities cannot be separated from the health of
ecosystems - healthy soils produce healthy crops that
foster the health of animals and people.
•Health is the wholeness and integrity of living systems. It
is not simply the absence of illness, but the maintenance
of physical, mental, social and ecological well-being.
Immunity, resilience and regeneration are key
characteristics of health.

20. •The role of organic agriculture, whether in
farming, processing, distribution, or consumption,
is to sustain and enhance the health of
ecosystems and organisms from the smallest in
the soil to human beings.
•In particular, organic agriculture is intended to
produce high quality, nutritious food that
contributes to preventive health care and well-
being.
•In view of this it should avoid the use of fertilizers,
pesticides, animal drugs and food additives that
may have adverse health effects.

21. Principle of ecology
•Organic Agriculture should be based on living ecological
systems and cycles, work with them, emulate them and
help sustain them.
•This principle roots organic agriculture within living
ecological systems. It states that production is to be
based on ecological processes, and recycling.
•Nourishment and well-being are achieved through the
ecology of the specific production environment.
•For example, in the case of crops this is the living soil; for
animals it is the farm ecosystem; for fish and marine
organisms, the aquatic environment.

22. • Organic farming, pastoral and wild harvest systems should fit the
cycles and ecological balances in nature.
• These cycles are universal but their operation is site-specific.
Organic management must be adapted to local conditions,
ecology, culture and scale.
• Inputs should be reduced by reuse, recycling and efficient
management of materials and energy in order to maintain and
improve environmental quality and conserve resources.
• Organic agriculture should attain ecological balance through the
design of farming systems, establishment of habitats and
maintenance of genetic and agricultural diversity.
• Those who produce, process, trade, or consume organic
products should protect and benefit the common environment
including landscapes, climate, habitats, biodiversity, air and
water.

23. Principle of fairness
• Organic Agriculture should build on relationships that ensure
fairness with regard to the common environment and life
opportunities.
• Fairness is characterized by equity, respect, justice and
stewardship of the shared world, both among people and in
their relations to other living beings.
• This principle emphasizes that those involved in organic
agriculture should conduct human relationships in a manner
that ensures fairness at all levels and to all parties - farmers,
workers, processors, distributors, traders and consumers.
• Organic agriculture should provide everyone involved with a
good quality of life, and contribute to food sovereignty and
reduction of poverty. It aims to produce a sufficient supply of
good quality food and other products.

24. •This principle insists that animals should be
provided with the conditions and opportunities of
life that accord with their physiology, natural
behavior and well-being.
•Natural and environmental resources that are used
for production and consumption should be
managed in a way that is socially and ecologically
just and should be held in trust for future
generations.
•Fairness requires systems of production,
distribution and trade that are open and equitable
and account for real environmental and social
costs.

25. Principle of care
• Organic Agriculture should be managed in a precautionary and
responsible manner to protect the health and well-being of
current and future generations and the environment.
• Organic agriculture is a living and dynamic system that
responds to internal and external demands and conditions.
• Practitioners of organic agriculture can enhance efficiency and
increase productivity, but this should not be at the risk of
jeopardizing health and well-being.
• Consequently, new technologies need to be assessed and
existing methods reviewed.
• Given the incomplete understanding of ecosystems and
agriculture, care must be taken.

26. • This principle states that precaution and responsibility are the
key concerns in management, development and technology
choices in organic agriculture.
• Science is necessary to ensure that organic agriculture is
healthy, safe and ecologically sound.
• However, scientific knowledge alone is not sufficient.
• Practical experience, accumulated wisdom and traditional and
indigenous knowledge offer valid solutions, tested by time.
• Organic agriculture should prevent significant risks by adopting
appropriate technologies and rejecting unpredictable ones,
such as genetic engineering.
• Decisions should reflect the values and needs of all who might
be affected, through transparent and participatory processes.

27. How Successful Organic Farming can be done
•In organic production, farmers choose not to use some of the
convenient chemical tools available to other farmers. Special
attention is being given for choosing crop rotation and tillage
practices to avoid or reduce crop problems.
•Cereal and forage crops can be grown organically relatively
easily to due to relatively low pest pressures and nutrient
requirements.
•Corn is being grown more frequently on organic farms but
careful management of weed control and fertility is needed.
Meeting nitrogen requirements is particularly challenging.

28. • Fruit and vegetable crops present greater challenges depending on
the crop. The yield reduction varies by crop and farm.
• Livestock products can also be produced organically. Animals must
be fed only organic feeds Feed must not contain mammalian, avian
or fish by-products. All genetically engineered organisms and
substances are prohibited.
• Antibiotics, growth hormones and insecticides are generally
prohibited.
• If an animal becomes ill and antibiotics are necessary for recovery,
they should be administered.
• The animal must then be segregated from the organic livestock herd
and cannot be sold for organic meat products.
• Vaccinations are permitted when diseases cannot be controlled by
other means.

29. Importance of organic farming
• The local traditional knowledge is extensively used in the fields for
ensuring better productivity and more profit to the local farmers.
• Organic farming also helps in strengthening the people’s belief in them,
encouraging them to use their knowledge to improve the productivity of
their fields.
• One such concept was the introduction of sustainable agriculture, which
means an integrated approach to increasing farm yield and managing
resources in an efficient way that future generations should not bear its
consequences.
• The practice of organic farming ensures the productivity and sustainability
of the field and field crops.
• The process ensures the use of organic wastes like crop, animal and farm
wastes and other biological components to make the farming more
environment-friendly.

30. Advantages of Organic Farming
•It helps to maintain environment health by reducing the level of
pollution.
•It reduces human and animal health hazards by reducing the
level of residues in the product.
•It helps in keeping agricultural production at a sustainable level.
•It reduces the cost of agricultural production and also improves
the soil health.
•It ensures optimum utilization of natural resources for short-
term benefit and helps in conserving them for future
generation.

31. •It not only saves energy for both animal and machine,
but also reduces risk of crop failure.
•It improves the soil physical properties such as
granulation, good tilth, good aeration, easy root
penetration and improves water-holding capacity and
reduces erosion.
•It improves the soil’s chemical properties such as supply
and retention of soil nutrients, reduces nutrient loss
into water bodies and environment and promotes
favourable chemical reactions.

32. • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WhOrIUlrnPo&t=147s