The document provides information on structuring oral presentations. It discusses key elements for the beginning (greeting audience, introducing oneself), middle (focusing on relevant content in a logical sequence, keeping audience attention), and end (briefly summarizing main points, concluding, thanking audience, inviting questions). It also offers tips for using visuals like signaling what the audience will see, drawing attention to highlighted points, and rephrasing ideas for emphasis.
Definition: A presentation is the process of presenting a topic to an audience. It is typically a
demonstration, introduction, lecture, or speech meant to inform, persuade, inspire, motivate, or to
build good will or to present a new idea or product.
Planning Your Presentation
Preparing a presentation can be an overwhelming experience if you allow it to be one. The
strategies and steps below are provided to help you break down what you might view as a large
job into smaller, more manageable tasks.
Step 1: Analyze your audience
The first step in preparing a presentation is to learn more about the audience to whom you'll be
speaking. It's a good idea to obtain some information on the backgrounds, values, and interests of
your audience so that you understand what the audience members might expect from your
presentation.
Step 2: Select a topic
Next, if possible select a topic that is of interest to the audience and to you. It will be much easier
to deliver a presentation that the audience finds relevant, and more enjoyable to research a topic
that is of interest to you.
Definition: A presentation is the process of presenting a topic to an audience. It is typically a
demonstration, introduction, lecture, or speech meant to inform, persuade, inspire, motivate, or to
build good will or to present a new idea or product.
Planning Your Presentation
Preparing a presentation can be an overwhelming experience if you allow it to be one. The
strategies and steps below are provided to help you break down what you might view as a large
job into smaller, more manageable tasks.
Step 1: Analyze your audience
The first step in preparing a presentation is to learn more about the audience to whom you'll be
speaking. It's a good idea to obtain some information on the backgrounds, values, and interests of
your audience so that you understand what the audience members might expect from your
presentation.
Step 2: Select a topic
Next, if possible select a topic that is of interest to the audience and to you. It will be much easier
to deliver a presentation that the audience finds relevant, and more enjoyable to research a topic
that is of interest to you.
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2. Announcements
(DDCC)
WEEK TOPIC NOTES
11 Oral Presentation
TUTORIAL: Assessment 2
Presentation
*Assessment 2
due for
submission
12 Impromptu Speech
*No lecture this week –
recording will be on eLearn
*Lecturer training
on 15 November
13 Debate
14 Revision Week
3. Announcements
(August 2022
Intake)
WEEK TOPIC NOTES
10 Oral Presentation
TUTORIAL: Assessment 2 Presentation
*Assessment 2 due for
submission
11 Impromptu Speech
12 Debate
*No lecture this week
– recording will be on eLearn
*Lecturer training on 15
November
13 Paraphrase & Reference
14 Revision Week
4.
5. The Beginning
The beginning of a presentation is the most important part. It is when you
establish a rapport with the audience and when you have its attention.
Get the audience's attention and signal the beginning.
• Let's begin.
• Shall we start?
• Let's get the ball rolling.
• Let's get down to business.
It is important to greet the audience by saying something like:
• Hello ladies and gentlemen.
• Good morning members of the jury.
• Good afternoon esteemed guests
• Good evening members of the board
• Fellow colleagues Mr. Chairman/ Chairwoman
• Thank you for your kind introduction
Introduce oneself (name, position, company)
• Good morning, my name is Lawrence Couderc. I am a student at the
INT and I would like to talk to you today about some of my findings in
a study I did on…
Structure of An Oral Presentation
The Middle or The Body
• Content
What information should you give in your speech? All your
information should support your purpose. In most cases you will
have to limit the content, as time is usually precious!
• Quantity
How much information should you give? Enough to clearly develop
your ideas. Don’t forget to illustrate through examples.
• Sequencing your ideas.
Here are a few possibilities for organizing your ideas: logical;
chronological order; from general to specific; from known to
unknown; from accepted to controversial; cause/effect;
problem/solution. Whatever sequencing you choose, the headings
should be all of the same grammatical form.
• Keeping the audience's attention
The beginning and the end or the first and last parts of a talk are
what listeners will remember best. Think of ways you can keep the
audience's attention throughout the rest of the speech.
6. Structure of
An Oral
Presentation
The end of a talk should never come as a
surprise to an audience; it needs special
consideration.
Your talk should include four parts: a brief
reminder of what you tried to show in your
speech and how you tried to do so, a short
conclusion, thanks to the audience for
listening, and an invitation to ask questions,
make comments or open a discussion.
7. Visuals
It is important to prepare your audience for what they are going to see. This keeps the audience on
their toes and gives you the opportunity to position your visual correctly.
• Let's look at the current distribution of the market, as you can see...
• I'm going to show you now the most recent figures available...
• My next slide concerns the method by which...
Remember to draw the attention of the audience to the points that you wish to highlight but avoid
redundancy by describing everything that is in the visual!
• As you can see....
• The first line of figures is the most revealing...
• Notice/observe how the increase has had an effect on the...
• What is important here is the way that...
You can also try to rephrase your point to give it emphasis, giving the audience time to absorb the
information.
• In other words the number of employees has a direct effect on the...
• Or to look at it in another way every time you...
• That is to say no matter what technique is used, the results remain
