4. DEFINITION Oral lichen planus
Common chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous
disorder that typically affects the oral mucosa &
additionally in some cases; the skin
The British Society for Oral Medicine (Guidelines for the Management of Oral Lichen Planus In Secondary Care) - October 2010
5. EPIDEMIOLOGY
More frequent in women
2:1
Age 30-60 years
Malignant potential
<1% Most prevalent
intraoral location
Buccal mucosa
92%
8. Reticular Papular Atrophy Erosive
Bullous
Plaque
White lesion Red lesion Ulcerated lesion
Commonly found
on the cheeks
(bilaterally)
Lacy web-
like, white threads
that are slightly
raised
Asymptomatic
?
?
CLINICAL APPEARANCES OLP
9. Reticular Papular Atrophy Erosive
Bullous
Plaque
White lesion Red lesion Ulcerated lesion
Typically arise on
the buccal
mucosa & dorsum
of tongue,
although may also
present on other
mucosal surfaces
Small white raised
areas approximately
1-2mm in diameter
May represent an
early manifestation
of the condition
CLINICAL APPEARANCES OLP
?
?
10. Reticular Papular Atrophy Erosive
Bullous
Plaque
White lesion Red lesion Ulcerated lesion
Clinically
resembles
leukoplakia
Can range from
smooth, flat areas
to irregular,
elevated areas
Commonly found
on the dorsum of
the tongue and
on the buccal
mucosa
CLINICAL APPEARANCES OLP
?
?
11. Reticular Papular Atrophy Erosive
Bullous
Plaque
White lesion Red lesion Ulcerated lesion
Differential Dx: Leukoplakia
White patches or plaque which cannot be
characterized clinically or pathologically
as any other disease (WHO)
OLP (plaque)
Irregular, elevated areas
CLINICAL APPEARANCES OLP
12. Reticular Papular Atrophy Erosive
Bullous
Plaque
White lesion Red lesion Ulcerated lesion
Mix of erythematous
& ulcerated areas
surrounded by finely
radiating keratotic
striae
Significant discomfort
CLINICAL APPEARANCES OLP
?
13. Reticular Papular Atrophy Erosive
Bullous
Plaque
White lesion Red lesion Ulcerated lesion
CLINICAL APPEARANCES OLP
14. Reticular Papular Atrophy Erosive
Bullous
Plaque
White lesion Red lesion Ulcerated lesion
Intraoral bullae are
present on the buccal
mucosa and the lateral
borders of the tongue
CLINICAL APPEARANCES OLP
?
The bullae rupture soon
after they appear à
classic appearance of
ulcerative/erosive OLP
15. Reticular Papular Atrophy Erosive
Bullous
Plaque
White lesion Red lesion Ulcerated lesion
Gums are involved, described
as Desquamative Gingivitis
*Nikolsky sign à skin finding
top layers of the skin slip away from
the lower layers when slightly rubbed
(result of minor trauma)
May exhibit positive Nikolsky’s sign
25%
CLINICAL APPEARANCES OLP
?
16. Reticular Papular Atrophy Erosive
Bullous
Plaque
White lesion Red lesion Ulcerated lesion
CLINICAL APPEARANCES OLP
17. ORAL LICHENOID REACTION
ORAL LICHENOID LESIONS
ORAL LICHENOID MUCOSITIS
DRUG-INDUCED ORAL LICHENOID REACTION
A variant of oral lichen planus (OLP)
Although the precise aetiology of OLP is
unknown, the OLR/OLL are disease conditions
with definite identifiable aetiology
23. q Record site, preferably photographically
q Consider site, histology, age and health of the patient, in conjunction w/ aetiologically factors
à before deciding on long-term observation or active intervention (take proper history)
q Completely stop pt from smoking (advise to adopt healthy lifestyle)
q Observation may consist clinical examination w/ repeated biopsy if change is seen
q Rx options
q Follow up at 3-monthly intervals
MANAGEMENT OF ORAL LICHEN PLANUS
24. HOW CAN ORAL LICHEN PLANUS BE TREATED?
TO DATE, THERE IS NO CURE FOR OLP
25. Anti-inflammatory or anaesthetic mouthwashes
Topical corticosteroids in the form of creams,
sprays or ointments for oral use
01
02
Systemic corticosteroids or other immunosuppresants
(for more severe cases)
03
Maintenance of optimum oral hygiene!
Especially for OLP that involves the gums
• Poor oral hygiene can worsen the condition
04
27. The chronicity of OLP and the expected periods of
exacerbation and quiescence
Aim of tx à specifically the elimination of mucosal
erythema, ulceration, pain and sensitivity
The possibility that several tx may need to be tried
The possibility of reducing the risk of oral cancer
30. CASE REPORT: HISTORY TAKING
§ C/C: Burning sensation of his right & left buccal
mucosa since 1 year.
§ HOPI: Aggravated on eating spicy food.
§ SH: A smoker for the past 30 years.
§ MH: Hypertensive and under medication.
63yo/♂/race unknown
31. CASE REPORT: INTRAORAL EXAMINATION
§ A white lesion with fine lacy radiating lines
measuring 2 cm × 3 cm
§ Similar greyish white areas were also observed in
the left retromolar pad region.
§ A reddish white lesion w/ fine lacy radiating
lines as well as in the retromolar pad region
extending up to the upper buccal vestibule.
§ The lesion was tender on palpation.
§ However, there were no areas of shallow ulceration.
§ Both sides the lesions were non-scrapable.
§ Rest of the mucosa had a blackish pigmentation.
§ He had no history of skin lesions.
RIGHT
BUCCAL
MUCOSA
LEFT
BUCCAL
MUCOSA
Reddish white lesion with keratotic striae
White lesion with keratotic striae
candidiasis
32. CASE REPORT: DX, MX & TX PLANNING
§ Based on the history and classic features of the lesion, the case was diagnosed as
§ Patient was advised to undergo all required dental treatments such as oral
prophylaxis and restorations.
§ He was prescribed with 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide for topical application.
§ The patient was reviewed after 3 weeks, and there was improvement in symptoms
and the lesions subsided.
§ Hence, biopsy was not performed in this case as there was a good response to
treatment.
Reticular Papular Atrophy Erosive
Bullous
Plaque Atrophy
ATROPHIC ORAL LICHEN PLANUS
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REFERENCES