Oracle RAC One Node 12c provides best-in-class single instance Oracle Database availability, better database consolidation, and better database virtualization. It uses Oracle Grid Infrastructure, including Automatic Storage Management and Oracle Clusterware, to provide high availability capabilities like automatic instance failover to another server in case of hardware or software failure. It also enables capabilities like online database relocation to allow patching and maintenance with zero downtime.

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Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.1
Oracle Real Application
Clusters One Node 12c
Markus Michalewicz
Director of Product Management
Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC)

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Safe Harbor Statement
The following is intended to outline our general product direction. It is
intended for information purposes only, and may not be incorporated
into any contract. It is not a commitment to deliver any material, code, or
functionality, and should not be relied upon in making purchasing
decisions. The development, release, and timing of any features or
functionality described for Oracle’s products remains at the sole
discretion of Oracle.
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Agenda
§ Oracle RAC One Node 12c Overview
§ Oracle RAC One Node 12c for:
– Best In-Class Oracle Database Availability
– Better Oracle Database Consolidation
– Better Oracle Database Virtualization
§ Oracle RAC One Node 12c and the Rest of the Stack

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Oracle RAC One Node 12c
Oracle RAC One Node 12c provides:
1. Best in-class single instance
Oracle Database availability
2. Better database consolidation
3. Better database virtualization
Using
§ A standardized and improved
deployment and management
§ A familiar and matured HA stack
– Oracle Grid Infrastructure
Oracle Grid Infrastructure (GI):
Automatic Storage Management (ASM)
Oracle Clusterware (OCW)
Oracle Flex ASM
CRM
Oracle RAC
One Node A
Oracle RAC
One Node B
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Standardize on Oracle RAC
Different flavors, same management
Oracle GIDBA
DBA
Oracle GIDBA
DBA
DBA
Oracle RAC One Node
Oracle RAC
High Availability
Scalability
DBA
Oracle Restart
Oracle GI

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Standardize on Oracle RAC
For better availability during maintenance operations
Oracle GIDBA
DBA
DBA
Oracle RAC
High Availability
Scalability
Online (rolling) Patch and PSU ApplicationOracle GIDBA
DBA
Oracle RAC One Node
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Standardize on Oracle RAC
For all the flexibility you need
Oracle GIDBA
DBA
Oracle GIDBA
DBA
DBA
Oracle RAC One Node
Oracle RAC
Flexibility
Scalability
Re-configuration
to enable cluster
Online
upgrade
DBA
Oracle Restart
Oracle GI

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Standardize on Oracle RAC
For better agility and consolidation
Oracle GIDBA
DBA
Oracle RAC One Node
Oracle GIDBA
DBA
DBA
Oracle RAC
Consolidation
Agility
Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.12
Standardize on Oracle RAC and Oracle Multitenant
The new standard for Oracle Database Consolidation
Oracle GI
Oracle RAC One Node
Consolidation
Agility
Oracle GI
Oracle RAC

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Oracle RAC One Node Architecture
§ Oracle RAC One Node is
– an Oracle RAC enabled database
– with only one instance running
under normal operation
§ In case of a server or instance failure,
the one running instance is started on
another server in the cluster (failover)
§ Online Database Relocation (Oracle
RAC One Node specific feature)
minimizes downtime during scheduled
maintenance operations.
Basic features
Oracle GI
DBA
DBA
DBB
DBB
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Oracle RAC One Node vs. Oracle RAC
“Always On” vs. “Always Running”
Oracle GI
DBA
DBA
DBB
DBB
Oracle GI
DB
A
DB
A
DB
B
DB
B
§ Oracle RAC: multiple instances
per database running concurrently
§ Oracle RAC One Node: one instance
per database running at a time

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Agenda
§ Oracle RAC One Node 12c Overview
§ Oracle RAC One Node 12c for:
– Best In-Class Oracle Database Availability
– Better Oracle Database Consolidation
– Better Oracle Database Virtualization
§ Oracle RAC One Node 12c and the Rest of the Stack
Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.16
Database Failover
§ On failure of
– a database (DB) instance
– Or the server hosting the DB
– Or other failures impacting operation
§ Oracle RAC One Node will fail over
the database instance to another
server in the cluster
§ Servers can be chosen using either
administrator-managed or policy-
managed resource allocation rules
Oracle RAC One Node provides standard DB cold-failover functionality
Node3Node2
Oracle (Flex) ASM based pool of shared storage
Node1
Public Network
DBB DBCDBA
Oracle Grid Infrastructure
DBEDBDDBA

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Online Database Relocation for better HA
§ Online Database Relocation minimizes
downtime during (scheduled)
maintenance operations such as:
– Patching
– Resource re-allocation due to demand
Oracle RAC One Node-specific functionality that makes the difference
Node3Node2
Oracle (Flex) ASM based pool of shared storage
Node1
Public Network
DBB DBC
Oracle Grid Infrastructure
DBEDBD
DBA
DBAOnline DB Relocation
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Online Database Relocation
For no downtime patching and other maintenance operations
Node3Node2Node1
Public Network
Oracle Grid Infrastructure
DBEDBDDBA
DBC
DB connections
DB Service
DB Home
DBB

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Online Database Relocation
Step 1: Start target DB instance and relocate DB Service
Node3Node2Node1
Public Network
Oracle Grid Infrastructure
DBEDBD
DB connections
DB Service
DBA DBAOnline DB Relocation
DBC
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Online Database Relocation
Step 2: Stop source DB instance transactional
Node3Node2Node1
Public Network
Oracle Grid Infrastructure
DBEDBDDBA Online DB Relocation DBA
DB connections
DB Service
New Connection
DBC

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Online Database Relocation
Step 3: Patch Oracle Database home on the source server
Node3Node2Node1
Public Network
Oracle Grid Infrastructure
DBEDBDDBA
+1
DB connections
DB Service
Patch
+1
DBC
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Online Database Relocation
Step 4: Rewind (relocate back) to activate patch usage
Node3Node2Node1
Public Network
DBC
Oracle Grid Infrastructure
DBEDBDDBA
DB connections
DB Service
Patched DB Home

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Online Database Relocation
Step 5: Patch remaining home(s)
Node3Node2Node1
Public Network
Oracle Grid Infrastructure
DBEDBDDBA
DBCDBB
DB connections
DB Service
Patched DB Home
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Online Database Relocation
Optimization: 3-step patching for consolidated environments
Node3Node2Node1
Public Network
Oracle Grid Infrastructure
DBEDBDDBA
DBC
DB connections
DB Service
DB Home
DBB
DB connections
DB Service
Patched DB Home
1 Patch Target
2 Relocate
3
Patch
remaining
DBA
DBB

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Oracle RAC One Node & Oracle ASM 12c
The ideal combination for best in-class high availability
ASM Cluster Pool of Storage
Disk Group BDisk Group AShared Disk
Groups
Wide File Striping
One to One
Mapping of ASM
Instances to
Servers
ASM Instance
Database Instance
ASM Disk
RAC Cluster
Node4Node3Node2Node1 Node5ASM ASM ASM ASM ASM
ASM Instance
Database Instance
DBA DBCDBB DBD DBE
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Introducing Oracle Flex ASM
Removal of One to One Mapping and HA
ASM Cluster Pool of Storage
Disk Group BDisk Group AShared Disk
Groups
Wide File Striping
Databases share
ASM instances
ASM Instance
Database Instance
ASM Disk
RAC Cluster
Node5Node4Node3Node2Node1
Node5
runs as
ASM Client
to Node4
Node1
runs as
ASM Client
to Node2
Node1
runs as
ASM Client
to Node4
Node2
runs as
ASM Client
to Node3
ASM ASM ASM
ASM Instance
DBA DBCDBB DBD DBE

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Agenda
§ Oracle RAC One Node 12c Overview
§ Oracle RAC One Node 12c for:
– Best In-Class Oracle Database Availability
– Better Oracle Database Consolidation
– Better Oracle Database Virtualization
§ Oracle RAC One Node 12c and the Rest of the Stack
Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Confidential – Oracle Restricted29
Private Database Cloud Architectures
Oracle Database 12c
Dedicated Databases
share servers and OS
Virtual Machines
share servers
Pluggable Databases
share servers, OS and database
Increasing Consolidation

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Standardize on Oracle RAC
Same management, big difference
Oracle GIDBA
DBA
Oracle RAC One Node
Oracle GIDBA
DBA
DBA
Oracle RAC
Consolidation
Agility
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RAC One Node – A Consolidation Standard
§ Use Oracle RAC One Node to
– Consolidate Single Instance (SI) DBs
– Improve high availability of SI DBs
– Improve system utilization and agility
– Allocate resources as needed
Consolidation, isolation and agility starts with Oracle RAC One Node
Node3Node2
Oracle (Flex) ASM based pool of shared storage
Node1
Public Network
DBB DBC
Oracle Grid Infrastructure
DBEDBD
DBA
Time
Utilization
Peak
Average

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Consolidation and Isolation
Use Instance Caging for Isolation
Node3Node2
Oracle (Flex) ASM based pool of shared storage
Node1
Public Network
DBB DBC
Oracle Grid Infrastructure
DBEDBD
DBA
Node2
DBB
DBD
CPU_COUNT=12
CPU_COUNT=4
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Standardize on Oracle RAC and Oracle Multitenant
The new standard for Oracle Database Consolidation
Oracle GI
Oracle RAC One Node
Consolidation
Agility
Oracle GI
Oracle RAC

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Oracle RAC One Node for Oracle Multitenant
Start off with a Single Instance, non-CDB
Server
Database Instance
Services
Server
Database Instance
CRM
North
CRM
South
Services CRM
Reporting
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Oracle RAC One Node for Oracle Multitenant
Convert to a RAC Database, non-CDB
Node 1
Services
Node 1
Oracle RAC One Node Instance
Services
Node 2
CRM
North
CRM
South
CRM
Reporting
Oracle RAC One
Node Instance

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Oracle RAC One Node for Oracle Multitenant
Convert to an Oracle RAC One Node-based CDB
Node2Node1
CDB
Services
RAC One Node
CDB Instance
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Oracle RAC One Node for Oracle Multitenant
Add additional PDBs as needed
Node2Node1
CDB
Services
RAC One Node
CDB Instance

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Oracle RAC One Node for Oracle Multitenant
Benefit from the Oracle RAC One Node features immediately
Node2Node1
CDB
Services
RAC One Node
CDB Instance
RAC One Node
CDB Instance
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Agenda
§ Oracle RAC One Node 12c Overview
§ Oracle RAC One Node 12c for:
– Best In-Class Oracle Database Availability
– Better Oracle Database Consolidation
– Better Oracle Database Virtualization
§ Oracle RAC One Node 12c and the Rest of the Stack

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Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Confidential – Oracle Restricted40
Private Database Cloud Architectures
Oracle Database 12c
Dedicated Databases
share servers and OS
Virtual Machines
share servers
Pluggable Databases
share servers, OS and database
Increasing Consolidation
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Virtualization – a Black Box Approach
A simple solution without insight
Bare-Metal Server
DOM-0 Hypervisor
Guest
Dom-0
Guest
Bare-Metal Server
DOM-0Hypervisor
Dom-0
GuestGuest

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Live Migration = Moving a Black Box
Live Migration moves a black box from one server to another
Bare-Metal Server
DOM-0 Hypervisor
Guest
Dom-0
Guest
Bare-Metal Server
DOM-0Hypervisor
Dom-0
GuestGuest
Live Migration
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Virtual Machine HA = Restarting a Black Box
Virtual Machine HA restarts / fails over a virtual machine on failure
Bare-Metal Server
DOM-0 Hypervisor
Guest
Dom-0
Guest
Bare-Metal Server
DOM-0Hypervisor
Dom-0
GuestGuest

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Virtual Machine HA = Restarting a Black Box
But what if the application needs attention?
Bare-Metal Server
DOM-0 Hypervisor
Guest
Dom-0
Guest
Bare-Metal Server
DOM-0Hypervisor
Dom-0
Guest
DBA
?
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High Availability Requires Insight
The Oracle RAC One Node Stack provides the insight
Bare-Metal Server
DOM-0 Hypervisor
Guest
Dom-0
Guest
Bare-Metal Server
DOM-0Hypervisor
Dom-0
GuestGuest
DBB
DBC
DBEDBD
DBA
+1
DBC
Online DB
Relocation
DBA

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Agenda
§ Oracle RAC One Node 12c Overview
§ Oracle RAC One Node 12c for:
– Best In-Class Oracle Database Availability
– Better Oracle Database Consolidation
– Better Oracle Database Virtualization
§ Oracle RAC One Node 12c and the Rest of the Stack
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Application Continuity

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Dealing with Unknown Transaction State
CRM
Pre-Oracle Database 12c
§ Database outages can cause
in-flight work to be lost, leaving
users and applications in doubt
§ Often leads to
– User pains
– Duplicate submissions
– Rebooting mid-tiers
– Developer pains
DBA
DBA
DBB
DBB
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Tackling In-Flight Work for Unplanned Outages
§ Transaction Guard
– A Reliable protocol and API that returns the outcome of the last transaction
§ Application Continuity
– Safely attempts to replay in-flight work following outages and planned
operations.
Two New Features

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DBA
DBA
Application Continuity
CRM
Masks Unplanned & Planned Outages
§ Replays in-flight (DML)
work on recoverable errors
§ Masks many hardware, software,
network, storage errors and
outages when successful
§ Improves end-user experience and
productivity without requiring
custom application development✔
DBB
DBB
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Application Continuity – Example
Application Servers
Database Servers
End User
A reliable replay of in flight work
Network Switches
User selects product from
application and purchases it
from the web checkout
User transaction arrives at
application infrastructure. It
makes it’s way through the
application tiers and results in a
database transaction being
created

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Application Continuity – Example
Application Servers
Database Servers
End User
A reliable replay of in flight work
Network Switches The infrastructure hosting the
database fails just before the
transaction is committed to the
database.
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Application Continuity – Example
Application Servers
Database Servers
End User
A reliable replay of in flight work
Network Switches
The jdbc driver detects the
failure and checks with an
available node in the cluster,
using “Transaction Guard”,
whether the transaction
committed or needs to be
replayed
If the transaction needs to be
replayed, “Application
Continuity” will submit all of the
inflight work to a surviving node
in the cluster and perform a
commit. This all happens
transparently to the application

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Application Continuity – Example
Application Servers
Database Servers
End User
A reliable replay of in flight work
Network Switches
The user receives confirmation
that his order has been
successfully completed.
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Policy Management

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Policy-Managed Databases
Highly available workload management
Policy Min Max Importance
Online Retail 2 4 High
Self Service 1 2 Low
Free Pool Lowest
Allocate resources
§ As demand requires it
§ As the business requires it:
§ Over the period of one day
§ As the system requires it:
§ For automated management tasks
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Policy-Managed Databases
Better High Availability for any cluster
Improve HA
§ By choosing servers from the
least important server pool
§ Accommodating for double
or multiple subsequent failures
§ For planned maintenance:
§ Allocate backup servers in the cluster
1
2
Policy Min Max Importance
Online Retail 2 4 High
Self Service 1 2 Low
Free Pool Lowest

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Policy-based Cluster Management
Server Pools that understand and make a difference
• Oracle RAC One Node 12c
• Actively utilizes differently sized servers
• Server Pool management has been improved
to understand server differences in the cluster:
• Server attributes are stored per server
• Server Pools are set up using Server Categories
• Servers are allocated to pools based on categories
• Combine only test servers in one pool
• Remove servers from test-pool preferably
• Ensure a minimum size of servers per pool
Server Categories
• NAME
• ACL
• EXPRESSION
• …
Server Attributes
• NAME
• MEMORY_SIZE
• CPU_COUNT
• CPU_CLOCK_RATE
• CPU_HYPERTHREADING
• CPU_EQUIVALENCY
• …
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What-If Command Evaluation
Complex cluster management made predictable
• Oracle RAC One Node 12c
What-If Command Evaluation
• Helps to set up and validate policies
• Helps to plan for downtime scenarios
• Analyze the impact beforehand
• Ensure smooth cluster operations
• What-If Command Evolution supports:
• Set Active Policy
• Server Pool, server or resource modification
• E.g. addition, relocation or removal
• Special commands for failure evaluation
PROD
MAIL
Action: Move server
between pools

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Oracle Flex Cluster
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Oracle Flex Cluster
Flexibility and High Availability as demand requires it
§ Oracle Flex Cluster
– A new Oracle Clusterware based
High Availability clustering topology
§ Utilizing two types of cluster nodes:
– Hub nodes
§ Traditional nodes, tightly coupled via network and
storage, used for running IO intensive workload
– Leaf nodes
§ A new type of node that runs a lighter weight stack
§ Maintain their own failure and heartbeat settings
§ Do not require direct shared storage connectivity
§ Used for processing oriented (application) workload
– Leaf nodes can be virtualized.
Hub Nodes
Leaf Nodes

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Oracle Flex Cluster
The new standard for resource management in the cluster
DBA
DBB
DBC
DBE
Hub Nodes
Leaf Nodes
§ Oracle Flex Cluster:
– The new standard for flexible
resource management in the cluster
§ Use it as demand requires it
§ Inherits all Flex ASM HA capabilities
§ Enables policy-managed clusters.
– Efficient High Availability and
resource management across tiers
§ Lightweight cluster stack on leaf nodes
– Benefit from virtualization and
physical deployments in one cluster
DBD
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Oracle Flex Cluster
Better HA clustering for all applications
§ Standardized management across applications
– Global resource allocation and dependencies
– Oracle Bundled Agents (XAG) for application HA
§ www.oracle.com/goto/clusterware
Start
Stop
DBA
DBB
DBC
DBB
DBB

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