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What's New with 12c ASM
This document appears to be a presentation on new features in Oracle Automatic Storage Management (ASM) in Oracle 12c. It discusses several improvements to ASM including physical metadata replication, concurrent rebalancing, file priority rebalancing, disk scrubbing, fast disk resync checkpoints, and failure group repair timers which are aimed at improving availability. It also mentions increased diskgroup scalability, even read I/O performance improvements, explain plan work for improved manageability, and password files in ASM. A new feature called Flex ASM is presented which allows an ASM instance to service databases on multiple nodes for increased flexibility.
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What's New with 12c ASM
- 1. Oracle Partner ofthe year 2010 & 2012 +44 (0) 844 811 3600 contactus@e-dba.com www.e-dba.com A RedStack Technology Company Oracle EMEA Database Partner of the YearOracle EMEA Database Partner of the Year Jason Arneil Solutions Architect What’s New with 12c ASM
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- 10. Oracle Partner ofthe year 2010 & 2012 +44 (0) 844 811 3600 contactus@e-dba.com www.e-dba.com A RedStack Technology Company Oracle EMEA Database Partner of the Year Disk Management Physical Metadata Replication Improved Availability
- 11. Oracle Partner ofthe year 2010 & 2012 +44 (0) 844 811 3600 contactus@e-dba.com www.e-dba.com A RedStack Technology Company Oracle EMEA Database Partner of the Year Disk Management Concurrent Rebalance Improved Availability
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- 14. Oracle Partner ofthe year 2010 & 2012 +44 (0) 844 811 3600 contactus@e-dba.com www.e-dba.com A RedStack Technology Company Oracle EMEA Database Partner of the Year Disk Management Fast Disk Resync Checkpoints Improved availability
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Editor's Notes
- #2 In this presentation I’m going to take a look at the new features of ASM available with the 12c release.How many of you use ASM for your databases?
- #3Â So what am I going to talk about todayRECAPNEW FEATURESDEMO
- #5Â Work in the Engineered Systems Team at e-dbaTeam is 100% focused on the e-dbaExadata customerse-dba are on Oracle platinum partnerWe have our own Exadata x3-2 and exalytics boxes available for POC
- #6Â When Automatic Storage Management (ASM) was introduced in 10gR1 ASM was designed as a purpose-built host based volume management and file system that is integrated with the Oracle database. It is built on stripping and mirroring methodology (SAME)ASM is built on the Oracle instance architecture
- #7 Just like the database has a storage hierarchy going from the data block upto the tablespaceThere is a similar hierarchy in ASMFrom the DBAs view, ASM exposes Disk Groups – you can think of the DISKGROUP as like a filesystemand it is in a diskgroup that tablespaces are createdThese Disk Groups consists of ASM disks and files that are stripped across all the disks in a Disk Group. Every ASM disk is divided into allocation units (AU). An AU is the fundamental unit of allocation within a disk group. A file extent consists of one or more AU. An ASM file consists of one or more file extents.
- #8 3 LEVELS of ASM PROTECTION for your dataEXTERNAL – lets the storage array take care of itNORMAL – write 2 copies of your extentsHIGH – write 3 copies of your extents
- #9Â Every ASM disk is divided into allocation units (AU). An AU is the fundamental unit of allocation within a disk group. A file extent consists of one or more AU. An ASM file consists of one or more file extents.
- #11Â Physical Metadata ReplicationOracle ASM now replicates physically addressed metadatalike disk header, free space blocks and allocation tableThis is tracked with a diskgroup attribute PHYS_META_REPLICATEDturned on when ASM compatibility of the diskgroup is advanced to 12.1This ensures ASM is more resilient to bad disk sectors and external corruptions
- #12Â In previous versions, an ASM instance could only perform one rebalance operation at a time on the same instance. If two disk group rebalance requests (for two different disk groups) were issued within the same ASM instance, then the second rebalance operation would be queued up behind the first requestWith Oracle Database 12c, a single ASM instance can now perform multiple rebalance operations concurrently
- #13Â Upon a rebalance due to a failed disk drive ASM will now restore the redundancy of the data based on the criticality of the files.i.e. control files and redo logs will have their redundancy restored first.
- #14Â Upon a rebalance due to a failed disk drive ASM will now restore the redundancy of the data based on the criticality of the files.i.e. control files and redo logs will have their redundancy restored first.Can set the CONTENT.CHECK attribute on a diskgroup to ensure a rebalance will perform this logical content checking
- #15 When a disk drive suffers a transient failure – temporarily becoming unavailable a rebalance does not have to occur immeidatelyInstead the changes that would have been written to this unavailable disk are trackedand when the disk becomes avaialble again those changes can be synced to the diskWhile this was available in 11g, if that sync got interrupted it would have to restart from the beginningNow in 12c there are checkpoints so and interruption will not mean having to repeat lots of changes already doneAlso possibility to set a power limit for the resync operation
- #16 In addition to a repair timer being set for an individual diskCan now be set for an entire failure group – by default this is 24hthe idea being that a failure of entire failure group is likely to be transient – therefore don’t do a big rebalancehowever with normal redundancy you have a bigger exposure to data loss if another disk fails
- #17Â Default behaviour of ASM has been to only read primary extentsEven Read ensures the extent that resides on the least loaded device will be readEven Read is enabled by defaultThis should improve the performance of I/O bound systems.
- #18Â number of diskgroups supported has gone from 63 to 511
- #20Â Previously almost all database and ASM related files could be stored in ASM.A key exception was the password fileboth the ASM and database password files could not be stored in ASMFor 12c the default location of the password file is ASMNote that the compatible.asm disk group attribute must be set to 12.1
- #21Â So currentlyTight 1:1 binding of ASM to cluster hostLoss of an ASM instance means loss of all databases on that serverIn a cloud environment (PaaS) this less than desirable
- #22Â If an ASM instance on a node crashesALL instances on that node will crashThis is not good, particularly in a consolidated environment where many, many instances could be impacted
- #23 Now with 12c You don’t need an ASM instance running on each and every node! DB Instances can use an ASM instance running on another nodeBy default you have 3 ASM instances for a cluster – this is controlled via the ASM cardinalityIf an node running one of the ASM instances fails an ASM instance will be restarted on another nodeInstances running on a node won’t crash if ASM on that node crashes.
- #25 12c provides for a dedicated network for ASM trafficRemember it’s metadata (files extent maps etc) etc NOT all IO trafficDATABASES do NOT perform their I/O via the ASM instance, once they have the metadata they talk to the storage direct.Can use the Clusterware private interconnect