This document summarizes an introductory session on OpenStack held as a workshop. It had over 90 registrations within 3 days from both private sector and government organizations. The workshop outlined an overview of cloud computing and OpenStack, explaining what OpenStack is and why it is important. It discussed the concept of excess server capacity leading to virtualization and cloud business models. It also provided information on how OpenStack works and its various core services for managing compute, networking, storage and identity. The document highlighted the open source nature and community of OpenStack along with its growing adoption in both private clouds and telecom sector network functions virtualization.

1. OpenStack Workshop
Intro Session
Affan A. Syed, Adnan Iqbal, Zaafar Ahmed, Muhammad Zaheer

2. Registration opened this Monday
more than 90 registrations in 3 days!
2
Amazing response
Private (IT) Private (telco) Govt
Distribution within Industry
Industry Academia
Response Distribution

3. PTA and MoIT: Dr. Ismail, Wasi ullah Khan
Awal Telecom: Akbar Shaukat
PLUMgrid
3
Sponsors and Enablers

4. Workshop Outline

5. ◦ A view of the Cloud, from the clouds
◦ What is OpenStack? Why care?
◦ OpenStack: a 10,000 feet view
Outline

6. Cloud(ed) thinking!
debunking the myth of “Cloud”

7. How the Cloud Business Model started
Excess capacity/Under utilized servers
Machine & Network virtualization
Monetization opportunity through renting
7

8. 8
Excess capacity
https://googleblog.blogspot.com/2012/10/googles-data-centers-inside-look.html
Src: “above the clouds …”, UC Berkeley tech report
OnlineGraduatePrograms.com

9. 9
Machine and network virtualization
8GB 10TB
10TB
10TB
8GB
8GB
4 GB | 2 TB
4 GB | 8 TB
4 GB | 4 TB
2 GB | 2 TB
6 GB | 6 TB
2 GB | 4 TB
2 GB | 4 TB
Physical Virtual
Bridge
Router
LB
BridgeBridge
DHCP
FW
Bridge
DHCP
FW

10. 10
Money through rental model
Rent me
2
Machines
Rent me
2 more
machines
Allow services to “scale out” on demand
Cloud provider Cloud user

11. Infrastructure-as-a-Service
Platform-as-a-Service
Software-as-a-Service
(lots of other XaaS)
11
Types of a cloud

12. 12
Managing and (re)provisioning a DCN is difficult
Credit: Google

13. Build compute powers without vendor lock-in
Provide and build services, at lower cost
Facebook has 20,000 server per admin
Scale out easily by adding servers
go to public clouds when needed (Cloud bursting)
13
Enterprises and Private clouds

14. Give Me
2 Machines, Dual Core,
8GB RAM, L2
connectivity, and an SQL
DB over a firewall
What happens when using a cloud!
physical
virtual Dual Core | RAM 8GB
Dual Core | RAM 8GB

15. 15
Private Cloud Management Systems
Apache CloudStack™

16. OpenStack: Motivation
and history
16
… and why OpenStack matters!

17. OpenStack Future (from its past!)
In 2012 Boris Renski (CMO) Mirantis made three
arguments for money in OpenStack
Cloud is BIG $$$
Cloud will be open (Google, facebook,
Rackspace back OpenStack)
OpenStack won the OpenCloud war (2012)
Average # of developers in an IRC channel as of 6/
Mirantis raised $100 million as pure-
play OpenStack in Aug 2015

18. Monetary Motivations (Enterprise and Entrepreneurs)

19. 20
Job opportunity
“OpenStack continues to gain mindshare among enterprise CIOs …….. We continue to
see OpenStack becoming the de facto open source option for deploying private
clouds. However, this will accelerate only after more OpenStack-trained developers
enter the workforce…..” [The 451Research Take (https://451research.com/openstack)]
OpenStack engineers make 36%
more than other cloud engineers.
Src: http://www.datacenterdynamics.com/

20. 21
Telecom Sector and NFV
Access network
(metro Ethernet) Core DC (Private cloud)
Internet
Classifier
Video acc
VoIP
??
Service chains

21. 22
ETSI and Network Function Virtualization (NFV)
Replace hardware network
appliances with software
Deployable over
commodity machines
Cost savings and no
vendor lock-in vCPE Classifier
Video acc
VoIP
??
Service chains
Each service/network function now a VM

22. 23
NFV architecture
Data-center/cloud infra
CMS (e.g. OpenStack)

23. OpenStack: A Brief History
NASA Launches Nebula
One of the first cloud computing
platforms built for Federal
Government Private Cloud
March 2010: Rackspace Open Sources
Cloud Files software, aka Swift
May 2010: NASA open sources compute
software, aka “Nova”
June 2010: OpenStack is formed
July 2010: The inaugural Design Summit
April 2012: OpenStack Foundation
nebula.nasa.gov

24. Independent body to protect, empower and promote
OpenStack software
Board of Directors (Platinum, Gold sponsors)
25
OpenStack® Foundation
Project Technical Leads
(PTL)
Project Technical Leads
(PTL)
Technical
Committee
User
Committee
Legal Affairs
Committee

25. 26
OpenStack Release Cycles
Every 6 months, alphabetical release names
http://www.dcvcs.com/openstack-releases/

26. 27
Platinum, Gold and Corporate members

27. Fastest Growing Global Open Source Community
May 15, 2015

28. 29
Competitors….. Not there!
Src: http://www.qyjohn.net/?p=3801
Cloud tou buss …… Openstack!
OpenStack
CloudStack
Src: Bitergia

29. OpenStack: Managing
your Cloud!

30. OpenStack
Projects to control pools of compute, storage, and networking resource
Managed through API & dashboard
Open architecture, code, community!
Plugins (vendor specific)
OpenStack infrastructure
abstraction --- connect any vendor
Open Architecture --- connect
any tools with Open API

31. Open source (Apache license) software
accelerated innovation, community benefits
Plug-in architecture
no vendor lock-in (hypervisors, storage soln, SDN soln)
On demand control of large pools of compute,
network, storage
Enable IT automation
Multi-tenancy support with quotas and isolation
ability to control, monitor and monetize resources
32
Features/Benefit (high level)

32. OpenStack Core Services – the Spider web!
docs.openstack.org

33. OpenStack Core Services – Relationship diagram (2012)
docs.openstack.org

34. 35
OpenStack as Layers (2014)
Incrementaldeployment/complexity

35. Nova, Glance, Keystone,
and Neutron
36

36. Provides a REST interface to:
Spawn, bootstrap, delete VMs
Built using a messaging arch
Supports multiple hypervisor
technologies
Supports multi-tenancy
37
Nova: Managing Compute (VM)
Nova API
Nova
scheduler
Nova
conductor
Messaging bus
Nova
compute
hypervisor
VM VM
Nova
compute
hypervisor
VM VM
Nova
compute
hypervisor
VM VM
Controller Node
Compute Nodes
Magnum (containers) and Ironic (Bare Metal)

37. Interface to manage images
Storage provided by drivers
Database to manage images
DB abstraction to match any driver
38
Glance: Managing images
Storage
Service
(File/Swift)
Glance
API
Controller
Glance
Registry
Metadata
Repository
Image
Repository

38. Tracking users and their permissions
Providing a catalog of available services
(with URLs)
New services first register with
keystone
Provides tokens for usage of any
service, using the RBAC model
39
Keystone: Managing identity
Identity Service
(Keystone)
Compute
Service
(Nova 8774)
Image
Service
(Glance 9292)
Storage
Service
(Swift 8080)
Network
Service
(Neutron
9696)
Credentials
Token & SC
(with TTL)
API Requests
with Token
Other ID
Backend
Token
Validation

39. API to create virtual networks
Software defined!
Modular and multi-tenant arch
API=service, implementation=vendor
Plugins make it technology agnostic
IPAM, load balancer, VPN …
Services provided by Network node
40
Neutron: Managing networks
Neutron Server
Core APIs API Extensions
Plugins
Messaging bus
Neutron
agent
L3 agent
Neutron
agent
L2 agent
VM VM
Controller Node
Compute Nodes
Neutron
agent
L2 agent
VM VM
Network Node
(optional)
Internet

40. Storage: Cinder and Swift
41

41. 42
Cinder: Managing block storage
Persistent block storage for VM instances
lives through reboots and crashes
Can be used to create bootable volumes
No need for ephemeral storage!
Multiple volumes (disks) for a single VM
Can backup volumes, (perhaps) in swift!
A frontend to create and manage virtual disks and their VM association
Storage
Service
(File/Swift)
Glance
API
Controller
Glance
Registry
Metadata
Repository
Image
Repository

42. Object = files, persistent and HA
Flat name-space
Unstructured blobs, replicated in a ring
across different zones
Default to three replicas
Objects accessible with a URL
swift.example.com/v1/account/container/object
Massively scalable, but with eventually
consistent behavior
43
Swift: Managing object storage
https://julien.danjou.info/blog/2012/openstack-swift-consistency-analysis

43. Cloud Management and
Advanced Services
44

44. Telemetry: Ceilometer
Orchestration: Heat
Orchestration and setup
Test Suites: Rally/Tempest
Services to manage your IaaS

45. Database: Trove
Message Queue: Zaqar
Container Orchestration: Magnum
Container linking: Kuryr
47
Advanced Services

46. Workflow of Instance
creation

48. Evolved Core view (2015)
Understanding this requires lots of time and training

49. DevStack: the reference
installer

50. 56
Questions?
https://twitter.com/openstack_isb
http://www.pta.gov.pk/openstackweb/index.html
https://www.facebook.com/OpenStackPakistan/