This presentation is about Open Source Software, this may be helpful to understand what is open source, why we need open source software and examples of Open Source software.
This Presentation is created by Harishankar Ranagaraj and was presentated at various sessions.
Harishankar Rangaraj is the founder and Director of Open Source Academy India Pvt Ltd.
For any support on Open Source Software you can Contact us.
Open Source Academy Pvt India Ltd,
Email: info@osaipl.com
www.osaipl.com
Open source software presentation
Advantages of open-source software
Disadvantages of open-source software
MYTH about open source software
Example of open source
What is the open source license
open source vs closed course
Why do people prefer using open source software?
A seminar presentation on Open Source by Ritwick Halder - a computer science engineering student at Academy Of Technology, West Bengal, India - 2013
Personal Website - www.ritwickhalder.com
What is Open Source Software (OSS) and what is the idea behind it? What are examples for popular Open Source Software, what are the Advantages about using OSS, what are the disadvantages.
This presentation is about Open Source Software, this may be helpful to understand what is open source, why we need open source software and examples of Open Source software.
This Presentation is created by Harishankar Ranagaraj and was presentated at various sessions.
Harishankar Rangaraj is the founder and Director of Open Source Academy India Pvt Ltd.
For any support on Open Source Software you can Contact us.
Open Source Academy Pvt India Ltd,
Email: info@osaipl.com
www.osaipl.com
Open source software presentation
Advantages of open-source software
Disadvantages of open-source software
MYTH about open source software
Example of open source
What is the open source license
open source vs closed course
Why do people prefer using open source software?
A seminar presentation on Open Source by Ritwick Halder - a computer science engineering student at Academy Of Technology, West Bengal, India - 2013
Personal Website - www.ritwickhalder.com
What is Open Source Software (OSS) and what is the idea behind it? What are examples for popular Open Source Software, what are the Advantages about using OSS, what are the disadvantages.
It is a simple powerpoint presentation on Linux Operating System of its brief and simplified introduction of this Operating System.
This is based on Ubuntu version of Linux.
Expert Lecture delivered at K. K. Wagh Polytechnic, Nashik (INDIA)
by,
Tushar B Kute (Asst. Professor, Sandip Institute of Technology and Research Centre, Nashik)
An introduction to open source softwareSanjuktaBanik
Open-source software (OSS) is computer software that is released under a license in which the copyright holder grants users the rights to use, study, change, and distribute the software and its source code to anyone and for any purpose.
This an analysis and a presentation on free and open source software made by me, This is about relevance of free and open source software and current software technologies which are free and open source to all.
It is a Unix like operating system.
It can run on 32 bit and 64 bit hardware.
Linux OS, is a freely distributable, cross-platform
Supports multiple processors.
True multi-tasking, multi-user OS.
Following are some of the important features of Linux Operating System.
Portable - Portability means softwares can works on different types of hardwares in same way.Linux kernel and application programs supports their installation on any kind of hardware platform.
Open Source - Linux source code is freely available and it is community based development project. Multiple teams works in collaboration to enhance the capability of Linux operating system and it is continuously evolving.
Multi-User - Linux is a multiuser system means multiple users can access system resources like memory/ ram/ application programs at same time.
Multiprogramming - Linux is a multiprogramming system means multiple applications can run at same time.
Hierarchical File System - Linux provides a standard file structure in which system files/ user files are arranged.
Shell - Linux provides a special interpreter program which can be used to execute commands of the operating system. It can be used to do various types of operations, call application programs etc.
Security - Linux provides user security using authentication features like password protection/ controlled access to specific files/ encryption of data.
This ppt discusses the history of both the operating systems & compares both of them in terms of Kernel, memory management, GUI and application support.
This ppt gives information about:
1. Administering the server
2. Correcting installation problems
3. Setting up user accounts
4. Connecting to the network
5. Configuring utilities
differences between unix and linux:
Some people think Unix and Linux as synonyms, but that's not true. Many operating systems were developed to be like Unix but none of them got the popularity as Linux. Linux is the clone of Unix. It has several features similar to Unix, still have some key differences let us see in the presentation..
This presentation is an introduction to Free and Open Source Software Licensing and Business Models. An open-source license is a type of license for computer software and other products that allows the source code, blueprint or design to be used, modified and/or shared under defined terms and conditions. This allows end users to review and modify the source code, blueprint or design for their own customization, curiosity or troubleshooting needs.
Apresentação de Software Livre e Open Source ao Curso de Biblioteconomia e Gestão de Unidades de Informação da UFRJ, em maio de 2015. Disciplina de Automação de Unidades de Informação, Profa. Maria Irene Sá.
It is a simple powerpoint presentation on Linux Operating System of its brief and simplified introduction of this Operating System.
This is based on Ubuntu version of Linux.
Expert Lecture delivered at K. K. Wagh Polytechnic, Nashik (INDIA)
by,
Tushar B Kute (Asst. Professor, Sandip Institute of Technology and Research Centre, Nashik)
An introduction to open source softwareSanjuktaBanik
Open-source software (OSS) is computer software that is released under a license in which the copyright holder grants users the rights to use, study, change, and distribute the software and its source code to anyone and for any purpose.
This an analysis and a presentation on free and open source software made by me, This is about relevance of free and open source software and current software technologies which are free and open source to all.
It is a Unix like operating system.
It can run on 32 bit and 64 bit hardware.
Linux OS, is a freely distributable, cross-platform
Supports multiple processors.
True multi-tasking, multi-user OS.
Following are some of the important features of Linux Operating System.
Portable - Portability means softwares can works on different types of hardwares in same way.Linux kernel and application programs supports their installation on any kind of hardware platform.
Open Source - Linux source code is freely available and it is community based development project. Multiple teams works in collaboration to enhance the capability of Linux operating system and it is continuously evolving.
Multi-User - Linux is a multiuser system means multiple users can access system resources like memory/ ram/ application programs at same time.
Multiprogramming - Linux is a multiprogramming system means multiple applications can run at same time.
Hierarchical File System - Linux provides a standard file structure in which system files/ user files are arranged.
Shell - Linux provides a special interpreter program which can be used to execute commands of the operating system. It can be used to do various types of operations, call application programs etc.
Security - Linux provides user security using authentication features like password protection/ controlled access to specific files/ encryption of data.
This ppt discusses the history of both the operating systems & compares both of them in terms of Kernel, memory management, GUI and application support.
This ppt gives information about:
1. Administering the server
2. Correcting installation problems
3. Setting up user accounts
4. Connecting to the network
5. Configuring utilities
differences between unix and linux:
Some people think Unix and Linux as synonyms, but that's not true. Many operating systems were developed to be like Unix but none of them got the popularity as Linux. Linux is the clone of Unix. It has several features similar to Unix, still have some key differences let us see in the presentation..
This presentation is an introduction to Free and Open Source Software Licensing and Business Models. An open-source license is a type of license for computer software and other products that allows the source code, blueprint or design to be used, modified and/or shared under defined terms and conditions. This allows end users to review and modify the source code, blueprint or design for their own customization, curiosity or troubleshooting needs.
Apresentação de Software Livre e Open Source ao Curso de Biblioteconomia e Gestão de Unidades de Informação da UFRJ, em maio de 2015. Disciplina de Automação de Unidades de Informação, Profa. Maria Irene Sá.
WELCOME TO, WEBASHA TECHNOLOGIES WHICH IS A CONSPICUOUS NAME AMONG LINUX TRAINING PROVIDERS OF COUNTRY
Our approach to training and development is designed to ensure that our trainees become capable of adopting up-to-date skills to work in today's modern, widest range of Industrial and Service sectors.
The training team of Webasha includes professionals who have more than 6 years experience in their respective fields. All the training sessions conducted are strictly based on the requirements of our client.
We design and deliver the best quality training to meet the changing and growing needs of the Professionals
This lecture goes into basic info about Linux and the GNU Project.
Check the other Lectures and courses in
http://Linux4EnbeddedSystems.com
or Follow our Facebook Group at
- Facebook: @LinuxforEmbeddedSystems
Lecturer Profile:
Ahmed ElArabawy
- https://www.linkedin.com/in/ahmedelarabawy
Globus Connect Server Deep Dive - GlobusWorld 2024Globus
We explore the Globus Connect Server (GCS) architecture and experiment with advanced configuration options and use cases. This content is targeted at system administrators who are familiar with GCS and currently operate—or are planning to operate—broader deployments at their institution.
Modern design is crucial in today's digital environment, and this is especially true for SharePoint intranets. The design of these digital hubs is critical to user engagement and productivity enhancement. They are the cornerstone of internal collaboration and interaction within enterprises.
Strategies for Successful Data Migration Tools.pptxvarshanayak241
Data migration is a complex but essential task for organizations aiming to modernize their IT infrastructure and leverage new technologies. By understanding common challenges and implementing these strategies, businesses can achieve a successful migration with minimal disruption. Data Migration Tool like Ask On Data play a pivotal role in this journey, offering features that streamline the process, ensure data integrity, and maintain security. With the right approach and tools, organizations can turn the challenge of data migration into an opportunity for growth and innovation.
SOCRadar Research Team: Latest Activities of IntelBrokerSOCRadar
The European Union Agency for Law Enforcement Cooperation (Europol) has suffered an alleged data breach after a notorious threat actor claimed to have exfiltrated data from its systems. Infamous data leaker IntelBroker posted on the even more infamous BreachForums hacking forum, saying that Europol suffered a data breach this month.
The alleged breach affected Europol agencies CCSE, EC3, Europol Platform for Experts, Law Enforcement Forum, and SIRIUS. Infiltration of these entities can disrupt ongoing investigations and compromise sensitive intelligence shared among international law enforcement agencies.
However, this is neither the first nor the last activity of IntekBroker. We have compiled for you what happened in the last few days. To track such hacker activities on dark web sources like hacker forums, private Telegram channels, and other hidden platforms where cyber threats often originate, you can check SOCRadar’s Dark Web News.
Stay Informed on Threat Actors’ Activity on the Dark Web with SOCRadar!
Large Language Models and the End of ProgrammingMatt Welsh
Talk by Matt Welsh at Craft Conference 2024 on the impact that Large Language Models will have on the future of software development. In this talk, I discuss the ways in which LLMs will impact the software industry, from replacing human software developers with AI, to replacing conventional software with models that perform reasoning, computation, and problem-solving.
Gamify Your Mind; The Secret Sauce to Delivering Success, Continuously Improv...Shahin Sheidaei
Games are powerful teaching tools, fostering hands-on engagement and fun. But they require careful consideration to succeed. Join me to explore factors in running and selecting games, ensuring they serve as effective teaching tools. Learn to maintain focus on learning objectives while playing, and how to measure the ROI of gaming in education. Discover strategies for pitching gaming to leadership. This session offers insights, tips, and examples for coaches, team leads, and enterprise leaders seeking to teach from simple to complex concepts.
Accelerate Enterprise Software Engineering with PlatformlessWSO2
Key takeaways:
Challenges of building platforms and the benefits of platformless.
Key principles of platformless, including API-first, cloud-native middleware, platform engineering, and developer experience.
How Choreo enables the platformless experience.
How key concepts like application architecture, domain-driven design, zero trust, and cell-based architecture are inherently a part of Choreo.
Demo of an end-to-end app built and deployed on Choreo.
Software Engineering, Software Consulting, Tech Lead.
Spring Boot, Spring Cloud, Spring Core, Spring JDBC, Spring Security,
Spring Transaction, Spring MVC,
Log4j, REST/SOAP WEB-SERVICES.
Experience our free, in-depth three-part Tendenci Platform Corporate Membership Management workshop series! In Session 1 on May 14th, 2024, we began with an Introduction and Setup, mastering the configuration of your Corporate Membership Module settings to establish membership types, applications, and more. Then, on May 16th, 2024, in Session 2, we focused on binding individual members to a Corporate Membership and Corporate Reps, teaching you how to add individual members and assign Corporate Representatives to manage dues, renewals, and associated members. Finally, on May 28th, 2024, in Session 3, we covered questions and concerns, addressing any queries or issues you may have.
For more Tendenci AMS events, check out www.tendenci.com/events
Cyaniclab : Software Development Agency Portfolio.pdfCyanic lab
CyanicLab, an offshore custom software development company based in Sweden,India, Finland, is your go-to partner for startup development and innovative web design solutions. Our expert team specializes in crafting cutting-edge software tailored to meet the unique needs of startups and established enterprises alike. From conceptualization to execution, we offer comprehensive services including web and mobile app development, UI/UX design, and ongoing software maintenance. Ready to elevate your business? Contact CyanicLab today and let us propel your vision to success with our top-notch IT solutions.
Globus Compute wth IRI Workflows - GlobusWorld 2024Globus
As part of the DOE Integrated Research Infrastructure (IRI) program, NERSC at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab and ALCF at Argonne National Lab are working closely with General Atomics on accelerating the computing requirements of the DIII-D experiment. As part of the work the team is investigating ways to speedup the time to solution for many different parts of the DIII-D workflow including how they run jobs on HPC systems. One of these routes is looking at Globus Compute as a way to replace the current method for managing tasks and we describe a brief proof of concept showing how Globus Compute could help to schedule jobs and be a tool to connect compute at different facilities.
Understanding Globus Data Transfers with NetSageGlobus
NetSage is an open privacy-aware network measurement, analysis, and visualization service designed to help end-users visualize and reason about large data transfers. NetSage traditionally has used a combination of passive measurements, including SNMP and flow data, as well as active measurements, mainly perfSONAR, to provide longitudinal network performance data visualization. It has been deployed by dozens of networks world wide, and is supported domestically by the Engagement and Performance Operations Center (EPOC), NSF #2328479. We have recently expanded the NetSage data sources to include logs for Globus data transfers, following the same privacy-preserving approach as for Flow data. Using the logs for the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC) as an example, this talk will walk through several different example use cases that NetSage can answer, including: Who is using Globus to share data with my institution, and what kind of performance are they able to achieve? How many transfers has Globus supported for us? Which sites are we sharing the most data with, and how is that changing over time? How is my site using Globus to move data internally, and what kind of performance do we see for those transfers? What percentage of data transfers at my institution used Globus, and how did the overall data transfer performance compare to the Globus users?
Innovating Inference - Remote Triggering of Large Language Models on HPC Clus...Globus
Large Language Models (LLMs) are currently the center of attention in the tech world, particularly for their potential to advance research. In this presentation, we'll explore a straightforward and effective method for quickly initiating inference runs on supercomputers using the vLLM tool with Globus Compute, specifically on the Polaris system at ALCF. We'll begin by briefly discussing the popularity and applications of LLMs in various fields. Following this, we will introduce the vLLM tool, and explain how it integrates with Globus Compute to efficiently manage LLM operations on Polaris. Attendees will learn the practical aspects of setting up and remotely triggering LLMs from local machines, focusing on ease of use and efficiency. This talk is ideal for researchers and practitioners looking to leverage the power of LLMs in their work, offering a clear guide to harnessing supercomputing resources for quick and effective LLM inference.
Why React Native as a Strategic Advantage for Startup Innovation.pdfayushiqss
Do you know that React Native is being increasingly adopted by startups as well as big companies in the mobile app development industry? Big names like Facebook, Instagram, and Pinterest have already integrated this robust open-source framework.
In fact, according to a report by Statista, the number of React Native developers has been steadily increasing over the years, reaching an estimated 1.9 million by the end of 2024. This means that the demand for this framework in the job market has been growing making it a valuable skill.
But what makes React Native so popular for mobile application development? It offers excellent cross-platform capabilities among other benefits. This way, with React Native, developers can write code once and run it on both iOS and Android devices thus saving time and resources leading to shorter development cycles hence faster time-to-market for your app.
Let’s take the example of a startup, which wanted to release their app on both iOS and Android at once. Through the use of React Native they managed to create an app and bring it into the market within a very short period. This helped them gain an advantage over their competitors because they had access to a large user base who were able to generate revenue quickly for them.
How Does XfilesPro Ensure Security While Sharing Documents in Salesforce?XfilesPro
Worried about document security while sharing them in Salesforce? Fret no more! Here are the top-notch security standards XfilesPro upholds to ensure strong security for your Salesforce documents while sharing with internal or external people.
To learn more, read the blog: https://www.xfilespro.com/how-does-xfilespro-make-document-sharing-secure-and-seamless-in-salesforce/
First Steps with Globus Compute Multi-User EndpointsGlobus
In this presentation we will share our experiences around getting started with the Globus Compute multi-user endpoint. Working with the Pharmacology group at the University of Auckland, we have previously written an application using Globus Compute that can offload computationally expensive steps in the researcher's workflows, which they wish to manage from their familiar Windows environments, onto the NeSI (New Zealand eScience Infrastructure) cluster. Some of the challenges we have encountered were that each researcher had to set up and manage their own single-user globus compute endpoint and that the workloads had varying resource requirements (CPUs, memory and wall time) between different runs. We hope that the multi-user endpoint will help to address these challenges and share an update on our progress here.
Paketo Buildpacks : la meilleure façon de construire des images OCI? DevopsDa...Anthony Dahanne
Les Buildpacks existent depuis plus de 10 ans ! D’abord, ils étaient utilisés pour détecter et construire une application avant de la déployer sur certains PaaS. Ensuite, nous avons pu créer des images Docker (OCI) avec leur dernière génération, les Cloud Native Buildpacks (CNCF en incubation). Sont-ils une bonne alternative au Dockerfile ? Que sont les buildpacks Paketo ? Quelles communautés les soutiennent et comment ?
Venez le découvrir lors de cette session ignite
2. What is Source?
• Source code is the version of software as it is originally written by
a human in plain text
• The term software refers to all operating systems, application
programs
• Source code can be written in any of the programming languages
(C, C++, Cobol, Fortran, Java, Perl, PHP, Python and..)
• To be usable by a computer source code must be compiled
Reference: http://www.linfo.org/
Compile
3. What is Open Source Software?
promotes free redistribution and access to a
products design or ideas and implementation
details.
4. Open -> Collaboration is Open
Source -> Source is freely available
Share
Adapt
Modify
Collaborate!
5. Is it Free?
• Free here is freedom not free in terms of price.
• Every free software is not Open Source.
• Every Open Source software is not free.
• Some software are Open Source as well as free.
No!
6. Open Source Software History
• In the 1950s and 1960s,
• software and compilers were delivered as a part of hardware
purchases without separate fees
• At this time, source code, the human-readable form of
software, was generally distributed with the software
providing the ability to fix bugs or add new functionality
• Many of the modifications developed by universities were
openly shared in keeping with the academic principles of
sharing knowledge
• In the 1970s
• “unbundling” of software from hardware [IBM]
• In the 1980s
• Richard Stallman, formerly a programmer at the MITAI Lab
launched the GNU Project
• Computer Science Research Group (CSRG) of the University
of California at Berkeley working on BSD UNIX system
7. Open Source Software History Cont’d
• In the 1990s
• In Finland, LinusTorvalds, a student of computer science was implementing
the first versions of the Linux kernel.
• GNU/Linux
• 386BSD
• GNU/Linux and 386BSD were reasonably stable platforms.
• BSD based operating systems (NetBSD, FreeBSD, and OpenBSD)
• GNU/Linux distributions (Slackware, Debian, Red Hat, Suse, Mandrake,..)
• Apache (web server)
• Perl
• GNOME and KDE (Desktop environment)
• Mozilla (funded by Netscape to build a web browser)
• Open Source Initiative (OSI)
8. GNU Project
• Build a free operating system
• Software produced by GNU will remain free
• Started by coding some programming tools (a compiler, an editor,
etc.).
• GNU General Public License (GPL)
• The freedom to run the program as you wish, for any purpose (freedom 0).
• The freedom to study how the program works, and adapt it to your needs
(freedom 1)
• The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor (freedom 2).
• The freedom to improve the program, and release your improvements to the
public, so that the whole community benefits (freedom 3)
Free software means the users
have the freedom to run, copy,
distribute, study, change and
improve the software.
9. Copyleft
Copyleft is a general method for making a
program (or other work) free, and requiring all
modified and extended versions of the
program to be free as well.
http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/copyleft.en.html
10. Berkeley Software Distribution
• Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) is a Unix operating system
• Developed and distributed by the Computer Systems Research
Group (CSRG) of the University of California, Berkeley
• Basis for several open source development projects
• FreeBSD aims for high performance and ease of use by end users
• NetBSD aims for maximum portability (NASA space missions)
• OpenBSD aims for security
• There are also BSD UNIX® operating systems which are not open
source
• Mac OS® X the operating system for Apple.The BSD core is Darwin (available as
a fully functional open source operating system)
11. • Open Source Initiative (OSI) is a public benefit corporation
• Founded in 1998
• Actively engaged in building open source community
http://www.opensource.org/
12. Business models for open-source software
• Selling professional services
• Selling of branded merchandise
• Selling of certificates
• Voluntary donations
• Advertising-supported software
• Re-licensing under a proprietary license
• And…
13. Open Source Project
• Linux Foundation – 2007
• 7800 contributors from 800 companies
• 6 patches per hour
• OpenStack - 2010
• Started as NASA/Rackspace project
• 10,418 individual members in 125 countries
• 237 organizations
• 1278 contributors
• 1.3M lines of code
14.
15. Linux
• A Linux distribution has thousands of software Free!
• Linux is a complete, stable and reliable operating system
• Linux is powerful
• Linux has a complete development environment
• Linux is an ideal environment for servers
• It is easily upgradable
• It has lots of documentation
• More than 90% of current Linux source code is written by other
developers
• Even Microsoft Contributes to Linux Kernel Development
16. Linux
runs on Linux-based Server
runs on Linux-based Server
runs on Linux-based Server
runs on Linux-based Server
runs on Linux-based Server
runs on Linux-based Server
runs on Linux-based Server
17. but why?
• Stability
• Security
• Hardware
• Cost
• Freedom
• Apache, Linux’s leadingWeb server application
• MySQL, the most prominent database application
• PHP, the most popular scripting language
18. Apache
• Developed and maintained by an open community of developers
under the auspices of the Apache Software Foundation
• The most popular web server on the internet since 1996
• 54.2% of all active websites (June 2013)
• is a collaborative software development
• Apache can run on almost any OS including
• Simple and powerful
• File-based configuration
• It is free
• It is Open Source
19. MySQL
• 1994 – Development starts on MySQL
• MySQL is the world's most popular open source database
• Relational database management system (RDBMS);
• Facebook and Wikipedia use MySQL
• It is Open Source
• It is Free
20. PHP
• is a server-side scripting language designed for web development
• was installed on more than 240 million websites and 2.1 million web
servers
• originally stood for Personal Home Page
• it now stands for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor
• PHP is free software released under the PHP License
21. Wordpress
• WordPress is the world’s most popular blogging platform
• Used by a 202 million websites
• can be used to transform a standard blog into interactive website
• Content management system
• https://wordpress.com
• Open Source
• Free
22. VLC Player
• media player had been downloaded 300 million times
• supports practically every audio/video codec and file format
• live recording of streaming video
• frame-by-frame advancement and superb speed controls
• It is Open Source
• It is Free
23. Notepad++
• Source code editor and Notepad replacement
• https://notepad-plus-plus.org/
• supports several languages
• GPL License.
• auto-completion for CSS, C, C++, C#, Java, JavaScript, SQL, HTML,
XML and PHP
24. Ubuntu
• is a Debian-based Linux operating system
• Unity as its default desktop environment
• Ubuntu also runs network servers
• generates revenue through the sale of technical support and other
services related to Ubuntu
• It is Open Source
• It is Free
25. Let’s try Ubuntu!
• Ubuntu Distribution
• http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop
• Virtual PC
• http://www.microsoft.com/en-au/download/details.aspx?id=3702
26. Android
• Android is a mobile operating system (OS) based on the Linux kernel
and currently developed by Google.
• Android is designed primarily for touchscreen
• Source code is released by Google under open source licenses
• Initially developed by Android, Inc., which Google bought in 2005
($50 million)
• was developed as a platform for digital cameras but the makers later
changed their focus to smart phones
• Free!
27. GIMP
• GNU Image Manipulation Program
• is a free and open-source raster graphics editor
• began in 1995 as the school project of two university students
• a possible replacement for Adobe Photoshop
• Windows: www.gimp.org/downloads/
• Linux: apt-get install gimp
28.
29. • LaTeX is a document preparation system for high-quality typesetting
• It is most often used for medium-to-large technical or scientific
documents but it can be used for almost any form of publishing.
• LaTeX is not a word processor
• LaTeX was first developed in 1985
• MiKTeX is a freeTeX distribution forWindows systems
31. Is Open Source just about software!?
Arduino is an open source hardware!
Editor's Notes
Open Source software is distributed with its source code. The Open Source Definition has three essential features:
It allows free re-distribution of the software without royalties or licensing fees to the author
It requires that source code be distributed with the software or otherwise made available for no more than the cost of distribution
It allows anyone to modify the software or derive other software from it, and to redistribute the modified software under the same terms.
Steven Weber, The Political Economy of Open Source Software, BRIE Working Paper 140,
http://brie.berkeley.edu/~briewww/pubs/pubs/wp/wp140.pdf
Apache more than 50% market share
The simplest way to make a program free software is to put it in the public domain (uncopyrighted) but It also allows uncooperative people to convert the program into proprietary software.
Copyleft says that anyone who redistributes the software, with or without changes, must pass along the freedom to further copy and change it
Copyleft also provides an incentive for other programmers to add to free software
Branded: the Mozilla Foundation[13] and the Wikimedia Foundation[14] sell branded merchandise articles like t-shirts and coffee mugs
innovated by Moodle, an open source learning management system and community platform
Firefox 1.0 web browser
historically, about 30% of all vulnerabilities listed since 1996 in this database are linked to PHP
apt-get update
apt-get install texlive texlive-base or apt-get install texlive-full