This document summarizes an OER librarian's presentation on open educational resources (OER) and the role of librarians in supporting OER. It defines OER according to UNESCO and the Hewlett Foundation. It discusses the 5R framework for open licensing and provides examples of OER initiatives in higher education and K-12. It outlines challenges of adopting OER but also how librarians can help by providing expertise in copyright, finding and curating open resources, and supporting faculty and teachers. The presentation argues that OER can help address the high costs of educational materials and barriers to student success.

1. srutter@hawaii.edu | HLA 2015
Open Educational Resources & Librarians
Sara Rutter | OER Librarian
Outreach College
University of Hawaii Manoa

2. Words associated with OER
Educational Web Create
Shared Free Revisable Reusable
Open Social Justice
Affordability
srutter@hawaii.edu | HLA 2015

3. srutter@hawaii.edu | HLA 2015
OER is...
"The open provision of educational resources,
enabled by information and communication
technologies, for consultation, use and
adaptation by a community of users for non-
commercial purposes." UNESCO, 2002
3

4. srutter@hawaii.edu | HLA 2015
OER is...
"The idea behind Open Educational Resources
(OER) is simple but powerful—educational
materials made freely and legally available on
the Internet for anyone to reuse, revise, remix
and redistribute." William & Flora Hewlett Foundation, 2013
4

5. srutter@hawaii.edu | HLA 2015
David Wiley: Defining the "Open" in Open Content
The term "open content" describes any
copyrightable work ... that is licensed in a
manner that provides users with free and
perpetual permission to engage in the 5R
activities.
5

6. srutter@hawaii.edu | HLA 2015
5 R Activities
Retain - the right to make, own, and control copies of the
content
Reuse - the right to use the content in a wide range of
ways
Revise - the right to adapt, adjust, modify, or alter the
content itself
Remix - the right to combine the original or revised
content with other open content to create something new
Redistribute - the right to share copies of the original
content, your revisions, or your remixes with others
6

7. srutter@hawaii.edu | HLA 2015
5 Rs in action
1) Download file onto your computer or smart
phone
2) Use it as many times and for as long as you
want
3) Reformat it or crop it
4) Add other learning objects to it
5) Put it up on the web in its revised, remixed
form to share
7

8. Rights granted in Creative Commons Licensing
8

9. Changes in communication channels
leads to changes in instruction delivery
9

10. srutter@hawaii.edu | HLA 2015
OER
Open Educational Resources
10
Massive Open Online Courses
Open Courseware online
classes
Distance Learning

11. Why should we (librarians) be interested in OER?
11

12. srutter@hawaii.edu | HLA 2015
12
uh oh!

13. srutter@hawaii.edu | HLA 2015
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14. srutter@hawaii.edu | HLA 2015
Student Public Interest Research Groups
--65% of students have decided against
purchasing or renting a required textbook
--94% of these students believed this choice
would hurt their grade
14

15. Financing a college education
American College Health Association (2014),
finances are the second-largest stressor for
students after academics—more than a third of
students described finances as “traumatic” or
“very difficult” to handle.
15

16. Financing a college education
About one in four first-year students and one in
three seniors frequently did not purchase required
academic materials due to their cost, and a third of
students believed that financial concerns
interfered with their academic performance.
NSSE Annual Report 2012
16

17. Students struggle to complete degrees
17

18. Does K-12 need an OER movement too?
18

19. Hawaii DOE and Textbooks
--Hawaii DOE budgeting $7,337,004 for textbooks
in the FY 2015-2016
--Budget requests include replacement costs
--Materials can be out of date as textbooks are
purchased for several years
19

20. Hawaii DOE and Textbooks
BOE Policy 2240
20
Office of Curriculum,
Instruction and
Student Support keeps
a list of recommended
instructional materials;
schools may adopt other
materials

21. 21

22. Comparison of OER Contexts
22
K-12
--Review boards select
textbooks and school
system purchases
--Educational outcomes meet
national standards and the
requirements of
standardized tests
--School system can choose
to reallocate money to
building OER
Higher Education
--Faculty select textbooks
and students purchase
--Courses are managed by
faculty with educational
outcomes developed by
faculty
--Universities do not have
textbook money to
reallocate.

23. OER implementation in higher education
23

24. OER in higher education
In universities (Univ Mass Amherst, Temple,
Utah State, California State, Univ Hawaii, etc)
faculty create courses that use
--open educational resources adoption
--library licensed materials put into a learning
management system
--their own created materials
24

25. OER at the University of Hawaii
--Leeward Community College Pacific Region Learning
Summit http://blogs.leeward.hawaii.edu/prls/ OER track
--Kapiolani Community College Forum on OER
--UH Manoa Outreach College and UH ITS
oer.hawaii.edu and UH OER Repository
25

26. OER implementation in K-12
26

27. srutter@hawaii.edu | HLA 2015
Sampling of K12 OER Initiatives
27

28. At the K-12 Level
28

29. Washington Reviewed OER Library
29

30. srutter@hawaii.edu | HLA 2015
Example from Washington
30
Grade Nine Algebra

31. Example from Washington
31

32. Is it worth the effort?
32
--Students have access to required/needed
materials on the first day of class
--Instructors can tailor the materials to their
students and to their instructional needs
--See paper by Robinson et al (secondary
school)

33. Challenges to schools and teachers
33
--Providing teacher training, time to master
new instructional materials
--Requires reliable internet access
--Constant renewal of resources as open
materials move behind pay walls; dynamic
nature of the web

34. Librarians can help
34

35. Librarians can help
--Copyright navigation
--Encouraging the use of Creative Commons
licensing by all creators
35

36. Librarians can help
--Finding materials with Creative Commons
licensing
--Curating open instructional materials
36

37. Librarians can help
--Helping people revise and remix using
available technologies
37

38. Librarians can help
--Expertise in finding credible resources
-- Repositories and referatories
--Creative Commons searching
-Google
-Flickr
38

39. Why do you need to be involved?
39

40. Open Resources are not for teachers who want to
lie in the sun. It’s for marathon swimmers; it’s for
teachers who love the ocean of work—a lot; it’s for
teachers who don’t mind the shallow, the deep, the
rocks, and the closed parts of the beach; it’s for
teachers who are willing to build their own damn
beach and then share it with everyone else—for
free.
If this were not a social justice issue, I’d lie in the
sun.
[Rae Watanabe]
40

41. Recommendations
--Learn about Creative Commons licensing and
practice licensing your creative works.
--Form partnerships with instructional design
staff
41

42. The path ahead
42
Librarians
Students

43. Cheetah Family William Warby. CCBy 2.0
43
Thank you!

44. Attribution
44
"Open Content" by David Wiley is licensed under CC BY 4.0
"Reflection on OER" by Rae Watanabe, Pacific Region Learning Summit is licensed underCC BY-NC-SA 4.0
"National Survey of Student Engagement Annual Results 2012" by Indiana University Center for
Postsecondary Research
"ACHA National College Health Assessment Spring 2014" by American College Health Association
"How College Students Battled Textbook Publishers To A Draw, In 3 Graphs" by David Kestnebaum
"How College Students Battled Textbook Publishers To A Draw, In 3 Graphs" by Ethan Senack, Student
PIRGS is licensed under CC BY 4.0
The era of the textbook cartel and $300 textbooks is ending, as the ‘college textbook bubble’ shows signs of
deflating" by Mark J. Perry, American Enterprise Institute. (Carpe Diem)
K-12 OER Collaborative" by K-12 OER Collaborative is licensed under CC BY 4.0
"Recommended Textbook List" by Office of Curriculum, Instruction and Student Support (OCISS), Hawaii
State Department of Education

45. Attribution
45
Images
"Protest" by Arturo Molina, CL, Noun Project is in the Public Domain, CC
"Delivery-Scooter" by Luis Prado, Noun Project is licensed under CC BY 4.0 / A derivative from the original
work
"Happiness Collection" by Mail Chimp, Noun Project is in the Public Domain, CC0
"Book" by Agniraj Chatterji, Noun Project is licensed under CC BY 4.0
"Exam" by Gerald Wildmoser, Noun Project is licensed under CC BY 4.0
"Librarian" by Wynne Nafus Sayer, Noun Project is licensed under CC BY 4.0
"Justice" by Björn Andersson, Noun Project is licensed under CC BY 4.0
"Drowning" by OCHA Visual Information Unit, Noun Project is in the Public Domain, CC0
Cheetah Family William Warby. CCBy 2.0
"Classroom" by Piotrek Chuchla, Noun Project is licensed under CC BY 4.0