Organic compounds containing carbonyl groups such as aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids are widely used in the textile industry. Aldehydes contain a carbonyl group bonded to one or two hydrogen atoms or an alkyl/aryl group. Ketones contain two alkyl/aryl groups bonded to the carbonyl carbon. Terephthalic acid is used to produce polyesters for strong fibers. Acetic acid is used in fabric dyeing and manufacturing rayon. Hexanedioic acid is used to produce nylon. Ketones like acetone are commonly used as solvents in textile manufacturing.

1. Types of organic compounds
used in Textile industry

2. Compounds containing a carbonyl group, these compounds are collectively called
carbonyl compounds. There is a double bond between carbon and oxygen. Due to the
difference in electronegativity of C and O, the bond is polar. In aldehydes, carbonyl
groups are bonded to two hydrogens or to one hydrogen and one alkyl or aryl group,
whereas in ketones they are bonded to alkyl and aryl groups.
The general formula for Aldehydes is R—CH=O.
The general formula for Ketones is R—CR’=O.

3. The functional group of aldehydes —CH=O is also called the aldehydic group while the
functional group of ketones —CR’=O is called the Ketonic group. If the two groups are
the same in a ketone (R = R’), the ketone is called a simple ketone. On the other hand, if
the two groups are different, the ketone is called a mixed ketone.Carboxylic Acids are the
compounds that contain Carboxyl functional group in their molecules. The name carboxyl
is derived from 2 words carbo which means carbonyl and oxyl which means hydroxyl
group. The carboxylic acids are aliphatic (R-COOH) or aromatic (Ar-COOH) depending
upon whether the —COOH group is attached to the aliphatic alkyl chain or aryl group.
The general formula is
Carboxylic acid

4. Uses of carboxylic acids
Methanoic acid is used in rubber, textile, dyeing,
leather and electroplating industries.
Acetic acid is used as solvent and as vinegar in food
industry.
Hexanedioic acid is used in the manufacture of
nylon-6, 6, a commercially important polymer

5. Which carboxylic acid is used in manufacture of synthetic Fibre?
Terephthalic acid (1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid) is used for the production
of polyesters with aliphatic diols as the comonomer. The polymer is a high-
melting, crystalline material forming very strong fibers.
What is acetic acid used in textile industry?
The textile industry also uses acetic acid. It is used in fabric dyeing, as
well as for the production of rayon and most latex and artificial fabrics. Its
hygroscopic properties are used to absorb moisture from the environment
when manufacturing fabrics.
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2

6. What is hexanedioic acid used for?
Adipic acid or hexanedioic acid is the organic compound with the formula
(CH2)4(COOH)2. From an industrial perspective, it is the most important
dicarboxylic acid: about 2.5 billion kilograms of this white crystalline powder
are produced annually, mainly as a precursor for the production of nylon.
3

7. Uses of Ketones
They are most widely used as solvents, especially in
industries manufacturing explosives, lacquers, paints, and
textiles. Ketones are also used in tanning, as preservatives,
and in hydraulic fluids. The most important ketone is acetone
(CH3COCH3), a liquid with a sweetish odour.

8. These classes of organic compounds contain a carbonyl functional group
(C=O) with structures CHO for aldehydes and RC(=O)R’ for ketones. Here,
R and R’ denotes substituents of carbon. They also refer to as the
methanoyl group or formyl group. Aryl or alkyl group or its substituents fill in
the remaining bonds of carbon atom in this group.
However, if the substituents in neither of the 2 remaining bonds are
hydrogen, then the organic compound is a ketone. However, if one of the
substituents is hydrogen then the organic compound is an aldehyde. The
properties of aldehydes and ketones play a very important role in the uses
of aldehydes and ketones.

9. ketone