This Slide deal with Occupational Safety and Health

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Occupational Safety and Health Act
• Assure so far as possible every working
man and woman in the nation safe and
healthful working
conditions and to
preserve our
human resources

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Occupational Safety and Health
Administration (OSHA)
• basic purpose is to administer the act
and to set and enforce the safety and
health standards
• responsible for promulgating legally
enforceable standards

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• Employers with 11 or more employees
must maintain records of occupational
injuries and illnesses, and report both
occupational injuries and occupational
illnesses

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• OSHA standards are
enforced through
inspections and
citations

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Top priority
Imminent danger - conditions in which
a danger likely exists that can
immediately cause
death or serious
physical harm

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Second priority -
catastrophes, fatalities,
and accidents that have
already occurred
Third priority - valid
employee complaints of
alleged violation of
standard

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• Next in priority are periodic, special-
emphasis inspections aimed at high-
hazard industries, occupations, or
substances
• Last priority - random inspections and
re-inspections

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• Citations - inform the employer and
employees of the regulations and
standards that have been violated
and of the time set for rectifying the
problem

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• OSHA can also impose penalties
• OSHA calculates these based on the
gravity of the violation and usually
takes into consideration such factors
as the size of the business, the firm’s
compliance history, and the
employer’s good faith

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Lack of a systematic safety approach
Sporadic safety meetings
Lack of responsiveness to recommendations
Not following up on employee complaints
Failure to regularly inspect the workplace
Factors contributing to a
firm’s OSHA liability

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Providing a workplace
free from
recognized hazards
Examining workplace
conditions to
make sure they conform
with applicable standards
Being familiar with
mandatory OSHA
standards
Responsibilities of Employers

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Employees
Responsible for:
• complying with all applicable OSHA
standards
• following all employer safety and
health rules and regulations
• reporting hazardous conditions to the
supervisor.

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WHAT CAUSES ACCIDENTS
Chance occurrences
Unsafe working conditions
Unsafe acts by employees

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Unsafe conditions
• Improperly guarded equipment
• Defective equipment
• Unsafe storage, such as congestion or
overloading
• Improper illumination, such as glare
or insufficient light
• Improper ventilation

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High-danger Zones
About one-third of industrial accidents
occur around forklift
trucks, wheelbarrows,
and other handling
and lifting areas

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Working Condition-Related
Causes of Accidents
• Work schedules and fatigue
• High workplace temperature,
• Poor illumination
• Congested workplace

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HOW TO PREVENT ACCIDENTS
• Reduce Unsafe
Conditions
• Use Screening to
Reduce Unsafe
Acts
• Use Posters and
Other Propaganda
• Provide Safety
Training
• Use Incentives
and Positive
Reinforcement
• Emphasize Top-
Management
Commitment

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HOW TO PREVENT ACCIDENTS
• Establish a Safety Policy
• Set Specific Loss Control Goals
• Conduct Safety
and Health
Inspections
Regularly

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Problems of Job Stress and Burnout
• work schedule
• pace of work
• job security
• route to and
from work
• workplace noise
• number and
nature of
customers or
clients
Some factors can trigger stress:

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Consequences
of
Job Stress
Anger
Anxiety
HeadachesCardiovascular
disease
Accidents
Depression

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What the Employer
Can Do to Reduce Stress
• Monitor each employee’s performance
to identify symptoms of stress
• Use attitude surveys to identify
organizational sources of stress
• Reduce personal conflicts on the job
• Reduce the amount of red tape for
employees
• Provide employee assistance programs

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Burnout
• Total depletion of physical and mental
resources caused by excessive
striving to reach an unrealistic work-
related goal
• Emotional exhaustion,
depersonalization ,
feelings of diminished
personal
accomplishment

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• unable to relax
• activities that when they fall
apart, you do too
• need for a particular crutch is
increasing
• constantly irritable
Signs of possible impending
burnout include:

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What can a burnout candidate do?
• Break patterns
• Get away from it all periodically
• Reassess your goals in terms of their
intrinsic worth
• Think about your work
• Reduce stress

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Dealing with Violence at Work
Heighten security measures
• Improve external lighting; use drop
safes
• Increase the number of staff on duty
• Provide staff training in conflict
resolution
• Close establishments during high-risk
hours

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Dealing with Violence at Work
• Improve employee screening
• Use workplace violence training
Common clues :
•Verbal threats
•Physical actions
•Frustration
•Obsession