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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
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Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
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Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
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Occlusion is defined as the contact relationship of the teeth in function or parafunction.
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--
Indian Dental Academy
Leader in continuing dental education
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skype:indiandentalacademy
+919248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
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2. CONTENTS
Introduction
History
Alignment and occlusion of the dentition
-Factors and forces that determine tooth
position
-Intra-arch tooth alignment
-Inter-arch tooth alignment
-Occlusal contacts during mandibular
movements
Summary
References
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3. INTRODUCTION
According to Glossary of Prosthodontic Terms:
“Occlusion is the act or process of closure or of
being closed or shut off”
Ramfjord and
between teeth
Ash:
Occlusion
=
Contacts
“Multifactorial functional relationship between
the teeth and other components of the
masticatory system as well as with other areas
of the head and neck that directly or indirectly
relate to function, parafunction or dysfunction of
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the masticatory system.”
5. HISTORY
Development of concept of occlusion-Three periods:
1. Fictional period (prior to 1900)
2. Hypothetical period (1900-1930)
3. Factual period (1930 to present)
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6. 1.Fictional period:
Fuller, Clark and Imrie-Antagonism,meeting
or gliding of teeth.
Kingsley(1880)– “Norm”
Talbot’s-(1903)Irregularities of teeth and their
treatment.
2.Hypothetical period:
Edward H. Angle(1899)- “Old Glory” and “Key
to Occlusion”.
Matthew Cryer and Calvin Case-Occlusion
referred to the closure of the teeth one upon
the other.
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7. Bennett
(1908)-Functional
analysis
or
dynamic approach to occlusion.
Turner(1903)-Concept of physiologic rest.
Lister and Simon(1922)-Related teeth to the
rest of the face and cranium.
Milo Hellman-Racial variations in normal
occlusions.
3.Factual period:
Difference between
concepts of occlusion.
static
and
dynamic
Broadbent and Planer-(1930)
Occlusion=Interdigitation of teeth + Status of
controlling musculature and functional factors.
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8. Alignment and occlusion of the dentition:
Tooth positions are determined by various
controlling factors such as:
1. Factors and forces that determine tooth
position.
2. Intra-arch tooth alignment.
3. Inter-arch tooth alignment.
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9. 1.Factors and forces that determine tooth
position.
(a)Surrounding musculature:
Labial to teeth are lips,cheeks-lingually directed
forces
Tongue-labially and bucally directed forces.
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10. Abnormal muscular patternTongue thrust and visceral swallow.
Oral habits-biting on
pipe,musical instruments.
(b)Proximal surfaces:
Proximal contact wearmesial drift( because of
functional
response
of
alveolar bone and gingival
fibres)
(c)Occlusal
contacts:
prevents extrusion.
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16. 3.Inter-arch tooth alignment:
-Relationship of the teeth in one arch to
those in the other.
Arch lengthMaxilla – 128 mm
Mandible – 126 mm
Arch width: Distance across arch.
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17. The
teeth
teeth
areas
buccal cusp of mandibular posterior
and lingual cusp of maxillary posterior
occlude with the opposing central fossa
– Supporting cusps.
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18. The centric cusp are broad and rounded.
The The buccal cusp of maxillary posterior
teeth and lingual cusp of mandibular
posterior teeth– Guiding or non-centric cusps
(sharp, with definite tips)
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19. Functional outer aspect:
Present only on outer aspect of centric cusp.
This area assists in shearing of food therefore
non-centric cusps- shearing cusps.
Non-centric
cusps
provide stability to the
mandible in maximum
intercuspal position.
Guiding cusps.
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23. MESIO-DISTAL OCCLUSAL CONTACT
REALATIONSHIP
These cusp typically contacts
1. Central fossa areas: The actual contact point
are called centric stops, holding contacts, as
they serve to hold the teeth in a stable
position.
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24. 2.Marginal ridge and embrasure areas:
Marginal ridge is slightly convex areas,
therefore the type of contact is cusp tip
contacting a flat surface.
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26. COMMON OCCLUSAL RELATIONSHIPS OF
ANTERIOR TEETH
Maxillary anterior teeth-labial to mandibular
anterior teeth.
Inclined labially (12º-28º).
Normally incisal edges of lower incisors
contacts lingual surfaces of upper incisors in
the lingual fossae which is 4mm gingival to
incisal edges.
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27. In normal occlusion, contacts on the anterior
teeth in the intercuspal position are much
lighter than on the posterior teeth.
Purpose of the anterior teeth-guide the
mandible through various movements.
Anterior guidance- It is the anterior tooth
contact that provide guidance to the mandible.
-determined
by
exact
position
and
relationship of the anterior teeth which can be
examined both horizontally and vertically.
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28. Overjet:distance between
the labial incisal edge of
maxillary incisor and labial
surface
of
mandibular
incisor.
Overbite:distance
between the incisal
edges
of
the
opposing
anterior
teeth.
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29. OCCLUSAL CONTACTS DURING
MANDIBULAR MOVEMENTS
The TMJ’s and the associated muscles allows
the mandible to move in all three planes(Sagittal,Frontal
and
horizontal)
which
ultimately influences contact patterns on the
occlusal surfaces of the posterior teeth.
Eccentric- any movement of the mandible
from the intercuspal position that results in
tooth contact.
Three
types:Protrusive,
Laterotrusive,
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Retrusive.