This technical report summarizes the student's experience during their industrial work experience scheme (SIWES) at the Ekiti State Teaching Hospital in Nigeria. The report describes the use of obstetric ultrasound, including the equipment, procedures, importance and limitations. Obstetric ultrasound uses sound waves to examine the fetus and uterus during pregnancy, allowing clinicians to monitor fetal growth and check for abnormalities without radiation exposure. The student concludes that ultrasound is a standard prenatal screening tool and recommends extending the duration of future SIWES programs to improve training opportunities for students.

1. A
TECHNICAL REPORT
ON
SIWES (STUDENT INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME)
HELD AT
THE EKITI STATE TEACHING HOSPITAL, ADO EKITI, EKITI STATE.
PREPARED BY
OLALEYE IFEOLUWA FAVOUR WITH MATRIC NUMBER 1808012120
SUBMITTED TO
THE DEPARTMENT OFANATOMY, EKITI STATE UNIVERSITY, ADO EKITI
NIGERIA.
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT TO REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF

2. INTRODUCTION
Background of Establisment
Materials used in Obstetrics Ultrasound
DESCRIPTION OF WORK DONE
Introduction to Obstetric Ultrasound
Procedures
Importance of Obstetric Ultrasound
Limitations of Obstetric Ultrasound
CONCLUSION
RECOMMENDATION

3. INTRODUCTION
Background of Establishment
EKSUTH took off officially on April 1, 2008 with a mission “to
preserve and improve the dignity of human life through the
provision of a comprehensive programme of quality patient
care, academic excellence and innovative research
environment that is respectful of others.”This is to make the
teaching hospital operate uniquely in a friendly environment
without compromising quality.

4. Materials used in obstetrics ultrasound
Ultrasound Monitor
Ultrasound Transducer
Ultrasound Transducer Gel

5. Ultrasound Imaging
Ultrasound imaging (sonography) uses high-frequency sound
waves to view inside the body. Because ultrasound images are
captured in real-time, they can also show movement of the
body's internal organs as well as blood flowing through the
blood vessels. Unlike X-ray imaging, there is no ionizing radiation
exposure associated with ultrasound imaging.

6. OBSTETRIC ULTRASOUND
Obstetric ultrasound uses sound waves to produce pictures of a
baby (embryo or fetus) within a pregnant woman, as well as the
mother's uterus and ovaries. It does not use ionizing radiation,
has no known harmful effects, and is the preferred method for
monitoring pregnant women and their unborn babies.

7. Importance of Obstetric Ultrasound
Obstetrical ultrasound is a useful clinical test to:
1. Establish the presence of a living embryo/fetus
2. Estimate the age of the pregnancy
3. Diagnose congenital abnormalities of the fetus
4. Evaluate the position of the fetus
5. Evaluate the position of the placenta
6. Determine if there are multiple pregnancies
7. Determine the amount of amniotic fluid around the baby
8. Check for opening or shortening of the cervix
9. Assess fetal growth
10. Assess fetal well-being

8. Procedures
The technologist applies a small amount of transducer gel to
the area under examination and places the transducer there.
The transducer gel allows sound waves to travel back and
forth between the transducer and the area under
examination.
The ultrasound image is immediately visible on a video
monitor. The computer creates the image based on the
loudness (amplitude), pitch (frequency), and time it takes for
the ultrasound signal to return to the transducer. It also
considers what type of body structure and/or tissue the
sound is traveling through.

9. Procedures (Ctn)
The movement of the embryo or fetus and his or her heartbeat can be seen as an ongoing ultrasound
video. Ultrasound devices also use Doppler, a special application of ultrasound, which processes echoes
produced by blood flowing through the fetal heart, blood vessels and umbilical cord and turns them into
audible sound. The sound has been described by patients as a whooshing noise.

10. Risks/Limitations Of Obstetric Ultrasound
Obstetric ultrasound cannot identify all fetal abnormalities.
Consequently, when there are clinical or laboratory suspicions
for a possible abnormality, a pregnant woman may have to
undergo nonradiologic testing such as a blood test or
amniocentesis (the evaluation of fluid taken from the sac
surrounding the fetus) or chorionic villus sampling (evaluation
of placental tissue) to determine the health of the fetus, or
she may be referred by her primary care provider to a
perinatologist (an obstetrician specializing in high-risk
pregnancies).

11. Conclusion
Obstetric ultrasonography, or prenatal ultrasound, is the use
of medical ultrasonography in pregnancy, in which sound
waves are used to create real-time visual images of the
developing embryo or fetus in the uterus (womb). The
procedure is a standard part of prenatal care in many
countries, as it can provide a variety of information about the
health of the mother, the timing and progress of the
pregnancy, and the health and development of the embryo or
fetus.

12. Recommendation
I use this means to make the following recommendations
concerning the training of students in Industrial Attachments
i. Siwes should be more than 6 months or making the program
to occur twice throughout an engineering degree program.
ii. Allowances should be paid to students during their
programme just like NYSC and not after. This would help them
a great deal to handle some financial problems during their
training course.