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OBIS introduction-for-i marine
1) OBIS aims to make biogeographic data freely available to support ocean management and conservation. 2) It has grown from 1 staff member in 2001 to include hundreds of contributing partners by 2012. 3) The number of species, datasets, and records in OBIS has increased dramatically over time but significant data gaps still remain, especially in understudied areas like the deep sea.
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OBIS introduction-for-i marine
- 1. Introduction to OBIS Ward Appeltans IOC/UNESCO iMarine-VLIZ-OBIS Meeting, 28 Augustus 2012 - Oostende
- 2. VISION We make biogeographicdata from all over the world freely available to policy makers, environmental managers, researchers and the public at large, in order to increase our knowledge to better manage and protect our oceans.
- 3. History in anutshell Marine spp Datasets Records (M) 1997 1st COML workshop – OBIS concept 1999 Preparatory workshop Washington 2000 OBIS launched, funding Sloan and NSF 2001 1st Int. Comm. Meeting, M.J. Costello chair, 1 staff member (Ph. Zhang) 2002 1st OBIS node (OBIS-SEAMAP) 2004 40,000 38 5.6 2006 75,000 153 10.3 2007 E. Vanden Berghe director, 2-3 staff at Rutgers 79,000 206 13.1 2008 13 OBIS nodes 104,000 492 16.4 2009 OBIS part of UNESCO-IOC/IODE 108,000 725 22.1 2010 Launch new data portal 114,000 912 30.7 2011 Database servers hosted by VLIZ (Ostend) 118,000 1,056 32.3 2012 W. Appeltans manager at IODE (Ostend) 119,000 1,125 33.6
- 4. Dots are projects OBISNetwork OBIS is a strategic alliance of hundreds of scientists and organisations who contribute data, information and expertise to OBIS.
- 5. Questionaire by EuroMarinein 2012 Results: among 48 data systems (based on 360 reponses –18% response rate), OBIS is listed in the: – Top 5 best-known data systems – Top 10 best searched and downloaded systems – Top 10 systems were people have contributed data to – Top 10 most consulted systems on a monthly basis LINK to report
- 6. Funding resources forthe OBIS Secretariat • Current: – European Commission • iMarine EU FP7 project – UNESCO's Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (UNESCO-IOC) • IOC Member States: Flanders, Brazil, Canada, USA, Australia • Past: – Alfred P. Sloan Foundation – Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation – National Science Foundation (NSF) – European Commisson (EMODNET) – National Oceanographic Partnership Program (NOPP) – National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
- 7. Data System Architecture portal Queries GBIF GEO Mapping production Extraction EOL iMarine LifeWatch GCMD staging WoRMS marbound ITIS, CoL, IRMNG WOD/ODP assembly GEBCO node node node -Excel, DiGIR, IPT -OBIS (extended DwC) schema
- 8. Association of observationpoints with oceanography Observation data associated with Environmental attributes from World Ocean Atlas Bottom depth Temperature Salinity Nitrogen / Oxygen Phosphate / Silicate Visualized through interactive graphs Time-series graphs Histograms WOA09, http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/OC5/WOA09/pr_woa09.html
- 9. OBIS allows extractionof observations based on environmental conditions Example map #1 Cetacean species observations in LME region ‘Celtic-Biscay Shelf’ (no environmental conditions set) Example map #2 Cetacean species observations in LME region ‘Celtic-Biscay Shelf’ filtered by a temperature range of 13 to 15 degrees
- 10. Summary stats: verylittle historical data
- 11. Summary stats: numberof records and species per year
- 12. Summary stats: growthof data in OBIS #spp *100 #datasets # distribution records
- 13. Summary stats: itis becoming more difficult to add more species to OBIS
- 14. Summary stats: itis becoming more difficult to add more species to OBIS (1950-2005) species records
- 15. Number of speciesobserved in OBIS and described as new in WoRMS
- 16. The Unknown Ocean:A slice Red = many records, dark blue none Coastal areas > open waters; Surface areas > the deep sea; Vertebrates and other large animals > smaller invertebrates; Northern hemisphere > southern. The vast midwaters, Earth’s largest habitat by volume, mostly unexplored (~95%) Source: CoML OBIS Webb, O’Dor, Vanden Berghe
- 17. OBIS assists inidentifying global patterns in the distribution of biodiversity (a) Total records in OBIS, corrected for the difference in surface area between squares on different latitude; (b) total number of species, corrected for surface area; (c) Shannon Index; (d) Hurlbert’s index, es(50)
- 18. An altered ocean:changes in composition and abundance (90% declines in some groups) 1950s 1980s 2007 McClenachen (2009) Cons. Biol.
- 19. CBD-COP10 listed OBISas a key source of information for the identification of Ecologically or Biologically Significant Areas (EBSAs) part of CBD Areas of special importance for the life history of a Areas of significant naturalness Areas of high biodiversity species Areas of uniqueness or rarity
- 20. OBIS feeds modelsof species distributions and species richness ‘Aquamaps’ uses environmental envelope modelling to extrapolate species distributions beyond the actual observations (www.aquamaps.org)
- 21. Many research papersare based on OBIS data
- 22.
- 23. IMarine • iMarine isa new EU project to establish a global e- infrastructure to share data & knowledge for sustainable fisheries management and conservation policies. In iMarine, IOC/OBIS coordinates the biodiversity cluster and is involved in the creation of a Community of Practice. http://www.i-marine.eu 23
- 24. OBIS’ role iniMarine Efforts: •WP3 (18 person months) – setting up an Ecosystem Approach Community of Practice (EA- CoP) through: • iMarine Board meetings, data and metadata harmonisation and standardisation • Business Cases/Clusters (e.g. Biodiversity) •WP6 (6 person months) – Virtual Research Environments Deployment and Operation
- 26. Set Operations –Algebraic Operations Occurrence Data from GBIF Occurrence Data from WoRMS Occurrence Data from OBIS ∩ ᴜ - Intersection Union Difference A Data Set centric view will be adopted
- 27. Advantage for OBIS •Data analysis: – Scientists (or group of scientists) can set up a Virtual Research Environment – Access to many data sources, statistical and geospatial tools • Policy level: – Supporting establishment of VMEs and EBSAs 27
- 28. Advantage for OBIS •Data quality and enrichment – QC tools – Identify outliers – Gap analysis – Taxon name reconciliation – Environmental envelopes • Export tools, OGC-webservices • Man- and computing power 28
Editor's Notes
- #17 OBIS exposes the still-to-be-explored ocean by depth as well as latitude and longitude. On a cross section of the global oceans, the spectrum from red to blue extends from many to few or no records. The records are concentrated near shores and in shallow waters, while the largest habitat on Earth, the vast middle waters, is largely unexplored. For more than 20 percent of the ocean ’ s volume the Census database still has no records at all, and for vast areas very few. Source: Ocean Biogeographic Information System
- #19 For larger fishes and other vertebrates, historical records indicate a decline of about 90% of top predators in comparison to past levels. Recovery, though typically very slow, may be possible when protective measures are taken. Despite such alarming declines, the ocean still holds plenty of marine life which requires appropriate management and conservation measures.
- #27 Generally speaking if we consider the occurrence points as pure collections, then the classic algebraic operation can be applied. Our idea is to apply a Data Set centric paradigm: a user could be investigating a certain dataset coming from a single source. Then, at a certain moment, he\\she could want to expand such set. Then the user will search for other datasets on the same species and will possible merge the information. For such scope, algebraic operations can allow to highlight some points respect to others by understanding which are common observations (those in the union set) and which are uncommon (those in the subtraction set).